Dynamic screening of a localized hole during photoemission from a metal cluster

Recent advances in attosecond spectroscopy techniques have fueled the interest in the theoretical description of electronic processes taking place in the subfemtosecond time scale. Here we study the coupled dynamic screening of a localized hole and a photoelectron emitted from a metal cluster using a semi-classical model. Electron density dynamics in the cluster is calculated with Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory and the motion of the photoemitted electron is described classically. We show that the dynamic screening of the hole by the cluster electrons affects the motion of the photoemitted electron. At the very beginning of its trajectory, the photoemitted electron interacts with the cluster electrons that pile up to screen the hole. Within our model, this gives rise to a significant reduction of the energy lost by the photoelectron. Thus, this is a velocity dependent effect that should be accounted for when calculating the average losses suffered by photoemitted electrons in metals.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figure

La castidad de la doncella: erotismo y poesía en Cervantes

The question of eroticism on Cervantes’ poetry is a tricky point, which has to be analyzed in the light of the editorial works of the author, its poetical bet in a series of key parliaments, and the revision of some spicy elements in his poems, as well as a brief confrontation to contemporary poetry. To sum up, Cervantes’ eroticism (esthetic, moral, and sexual) is a question of genre which has no space on his poetry, so that its discard and its reflections about the subject are significant.La cuestión del erotismo en la poesía de Cervantes es un asunto peliagudo, que se tiene que examinar a la luz de las labores editoriales del ingenio, su apuesta poética en una serie de parlamentos clave y la revisión de los elementos picantes de sus poemas, así como en un rápido careo con la poesía de su tiempo. En breve, el erotismo cervantino (estético, moral y sexual) es una cuestión de género que no tenía entrada en la poesía, de modo que tanto su descarte como sus reflexiones al respecto son significativas de su idea poética

A semi-automated intestinal organoid screening method demonstrates epigenetic control of epithelial maturation

The intestinal epithelium maintains an important barrier throughout life. It consists of several epithelial cell lineages that are derived from LGR5+ intestinal stem cells. Although epigenetic regulation of embryonic stem cell differentiation is well established, its role in adult stem cell systems such as the intestinal epithelium is still undefined. Yet, targeting of epigenetic regulatory enzymes may be relevant for new therapeutics, for example in cancer treatment. Here, we combine a newly established organoid toolbox with an epigenetic probe library to identify epigenetic regulators of intestinal epithelial biology. We discover several probes that alter intestinal epithelial biology including those targeting HDACs, EP300/CREBBP, LSD1, and type I PRMTs. We conclude that epigenetic modifiers are primarily involved in mediating maturation of the epithelium rather than dictating specific cell lineage differentiation. Furthermore, we show that inhibiting type I PRMTs, which leads to epithelial maturation, blocks the growth of adenoma but not normal organoid cultures. Thus, epigenetic probes are a powerful tool in defining biological processes and demonstrate therapeutic potential

Interactive models of communication at the nanoscale using nanoparticles that talk to one another

[EN] 'Communication' between abiotic nanoscale chemical systems is an almost-unexplored field with enormous potential. Here we show the design and preparation of a chemical communication system based on enzyme-powered Janus nanoparticles, which mimics an interactive model of communication. Cargo delivery from one nanoparticle is governed by the biunivocal communication with another nanoparticle, which involves two enzymatic processes and the interchange of chemical messengers. The conceptual idea of establishing communication between nanodevices opens the opportunity to develop complex nanoscale systems capable of sharing information and cooperating.A. L.-L. is grateful to 'La Caixa' Banking Foundation for his PhD fellowship. We wish to thank the Spanish Government (MINECO Projects MAT2015-64139-C4-1, CTQ2014-58989-P and CTQ2015-71936-REDT and AGL2015-70235-C2-2-R) and the Generalitat Valenciana (Project PROMETEOII/2014/047) for support. The Comunidad de Madrid (S2013/MIT-3029, Programme NANOAVANSENS) is also gratefully acknowledged.Llopis-Lorente, A.; Díez, P.; Sánchez, A.; Marcos Martínez, MD.; Sancenón Galarza, F.; Martínez-Ruiz, P.; Villalonga, R.... (2017). Interactive models of communication at the nanoscale using nanoparticles that talk to one another. Nature Communications. 8:1-7. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15511S178Tseng, R., Huang, J., Ouyang, J., Kaner, R. & Yang, Y. Polyaniline nanofiber/gold nanoparticle nonvolatile memory. Nano Lett. 5, 1077–1080 (2005).Liu, R. & Sen, A. Autonomous nanomotor based on copper-platinum segmented nanobattery. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133, 20064–20067 (2011).Valov, I. et al. Nanobatteries in redox-based resistive switches require extension of memristor theory. Nat. Commun. 4, 1771 (2013).Tarn, D. et al. Mesoporous silica nanoparticle nanocarriers: biofunctionality and biocompatibility. Acc. Chem. Res. 46, 792–801 (2013).Kline, T. & Paxton, W. Catalytic nanomotors: remote-controlled autonomous movement of striped metallic nanorods. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 117, 754–756 (2005).Akyildiz, I. F., Brunetti, F. & Blázquez, C. Nanonetworks: a new communication paradigm. Comput. Netw. 52, 2260–2279 (2008).Suda, T., Moore, M., Nakano, T., Egashira, R. & Enomoto, A. Exploratory research on molecular communication between nanomachines. Nat. Comput. 25, 1–30 (2005).Malak, D. & Akan, O. B. Molecular communication nanonetworks inside human body. Nano Commun. Netw. 3, 19–35 (2012).Akyildiz, I. F., Jornet, J. M. & Pierobon, M. Nanonetworks: a new frontier in communications. Commun. ACM 54, 84–89 (2011).Nakano, T., Moore, M. J., Wei, F., Vasilakos, A. V. & Shuai, J. Molecular communication and networking: opportunities and challenges. IEEE Trans. Nanobiosci. 11, 135–148 (2012).Waters, C. M. & Bassler, B. L. Quorum sensing: cell-to-cell communication in bacteria. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 21, 319–346 (2005).Dickschat, J. S. Quorum sensing and bacterial biofilms. Nat. Prod. Rep. 27, 343–369 (2010).Kerényi, Á., Bihary, D., Venturi, V. & Pongor, S. Stability of multispecies bacterial communities: signaling networks may stabilize microbiomes. PLoS ONE 8, e57947 (2013).Gotti, C. & Clementi, F. Neuronal nicotinic receptors: from structure to pathology. Prog. Neurobiol. 74, 363–396 (2004).Betke, K. M., Wells, C. A. & Hamm, H. E. GPCR mediated regulation of synaptic transmission. Prog. Neurobiol. 96, 304–321 (2012).Qian, L., Winfree, E. & Bruck, J. Neural network computation with DNA strand displacement cascades. Nature 475, 368–372 (2011).Benenson, Y. Biomolecular computing systems: principles, progress and potential. Nat. Rev. Genet. 13, 455–468 (2012).Ball, P. Chemistry meets computing. Nature 406, 118–120 (2000).de Silva, A. P. & McClenaghan, N. D. Molecular-Scale Logic Gates. Chem. Eur. J. 10, 574–586 (2004).Condon, A. Automata make antisense. Nature 429, 351–352 (2004).Seelig, G., Soloveichik, D., Zhang, D. Y. & Winfree, E. Enzyme-free nucleic acid logic circuits. Science 314, 1585–1588 (2006).Douglas, S. M., Bachelet, I. & Church, G. M. A logic-gated nanorobot for targeted transport of molecular payloads. Science 335, 831–834 (2012).Angelos, S., Yang, Y. W., Khashab, N. M., Stoddart, J. F. & Zink, J. I. Dual-controlled nanoparticles exhibiting AND logic. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 11344–11346 (2009).Liu, H. et al. Dual-responsive surfaces modified with phenylboronic acid-containing polymer brush to reversibly capture and release cancer cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135, 7603–7609 (2013).Lee, J. W. & Klajn, R. Dual-responsive nanoparticles that aggregate under the simultaneous action of light and CO2 . Chem. Commun. 51, 2036–2039 (2015).Liu, D. et al. Resettable, multi-readout logic gates based on controllably reversible aggregation of gold nanoparticles. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 50, 4103–4107 (2011).Chitode, J. S. Communication Theory Technical Publications (2010).Wood, J. T. Communication in Our Lives Wadsworth (2009).Guardado-Alvarez, T. M., Sudha Devi, L., Russell, M. M., Schwartz, B. J. & Zink, J. I. Activation of snap-top capped mesoporous silica nanocontainers using two near-infrared photons. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135, 14000–14003 (2013).Baeza, A., Guisasola, E., Ruiz-Hernández, E. & Vallet-Regí, M. Magnetically triggered multidrug release by hybrid mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Chem. Mater. 24, 517–524 (2012).Zhang, Z. et al. Biocatalytic release of an anticancer drug from nucleic-acids-capped mesoporous SiO2 using DNA or molecular biomarkers as triggering stimuli. ACS Nano 7, 8455–8468 (2013).Tang, F., Li, L. & Chen, D. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles: synthesis, biocompatibility and drug delivery. Adv. Mater. 24, 1504–1534 (2012).Li, Z., Barnes, J. C., Bosoy, A., Stoddart, J. F. & Zink, J. I. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles in biomedical applications. Chem. Soc. Rev. 41, 2590–2605 (2012).Coll, C., Bernardos, A., Martínez-Máñez, R. & Sancenón, F. Gated silica mesoporous supports for controlled release and signaling applications. Acc. Chem. Res. 46, 339–349 (2013).Aznar, E. et al. Gated materials for on-command release of guest molecules. Chem. Rev. 116, 561–718 (2016).Díez, P. et al. Toward the design of smart delivery systems controlled by integrated enzyme-based biocomputing ensembles. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136, 9116–9123 (2014).Villalonga, R. et al. Enzyme-controlled sensing-actuating nanomachine based on Janus Au-mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Chem. Eur. J. 19, 7889–7894 (2013).Jerez, G., Kaufman, G., Prystai, M., Schenkeveld, S. & Donkor, K. K. Determination of thermodynamic pKa values of benzimidazole and benzimidazole derivatives by capillary electrophoresis. J. Sep. Sci. 32, 1087–1095 (2009).Sheffner, A. L. The reduction in vitro in viscosity of mucoprotein solutions by a new mucolytic agent, N-acetyl-L-cysteine. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 106, 298–310 (1963).Turkevich, J., Stevenson, P. C. & Hillier, J. A study of the nucleation and growth processes in the synthesis of colloidal gold. Discuss. Faraday Soc. 11, 55–75 (1951).Frens, G. Controlled Nucleation for the Regulation of the Particle Size in Monodisperse Gold Suspensions. Nature 241, 20–22 (1973).Yousef, F. O., Zughul, M. B. & Badwan, A. A. The modes of complexation of benzimidazole with aqueous β-cyclodextrin explored by phase solubility, potentiometric titration, 1H-NMR and molecular modeling studies. J. Incl. Phenom. Macrocycl. Chem. 57, 519–523 (2007).Sánchez, A., Díez, P., Martínez-Ruíz, P., Villalonga, R. & Pingarrón, J. M. Janus Au-mesoporous silica nanoparticles as electrochemical biorecognition-signaling system. Electrochem. Commun. 30, 51–54 (2013).Akyildiz, I. F., Pierobon, M., Balasubramaniam, S. & Koucheryavy, Y. The internet of Bio-Nano things. IEEE Commun. Mag. 53, 32–40 (2015).Sancenón, F., Pascual, L., Oroval, M., Aznar, E. & Martínez-Máñez, R. Gated silica mesoporous materials in sensing applications. ChemistryOpen 4, 418–437 (2015).Akyildiz, I. & Jornet, J. The Internet of nano-things. IEEE Wirel. Commun. 17, 58–63 (2010).Giménez, C. et al. Towards chemical communication between gated nanoparticles. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 53, 12629–12633 (2014).Davis, B. G., Lloyd, R. C. & Jones, J. B. Controlled site-selective glycosylation of proteins by a combined site-directed mutagenesis and chemical modification approach. J. Org. Chem. 63, 9614–9615 (1998)

Measurement of the cross-section and charge asymmetry of WW bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at s=8\sqrt{s}=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents measurements of the $W^+ \rightarrow \mu^+\nu$ and $W^- \rightarrow \mu^-\nu$ cross-sections and the associated charge asymmetry as a function of the absolute pseudorapidity of the decay muon. The data were collected in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 20.2~\mbox{fb^{-1}}. The precision of the cross-section measurements varies between 0.8% to 1.5% as a function of the pseudorapidity, excluding the 1.9% uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The charge asymmetry is measured with an uncertainty between 0.002 and 0.003. The results are compared with predictions based on next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations with various parton distribution functions and have the sensitivity to discriminate between them.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 5 figures, 4 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-13

The management of acute venous thromboembolism in clinical practice. Results from the European PREFER in VTE Registry

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Europe. Data from real-world registries are necessary, as clinical trials do not represent the full spectrum of VTE patients seen in clinical practice. We aimed to document the epidemiology, management and outcomes of VTE using data from a large, observational database. PREFER in VTE was an international, non-interventional disease registry conducted between January 2013 and July 2015 in primary and secondary care across seven European countries. Consecutive patients with acute VTE were documented and followed up over 12 months. PREFER in VTE included 3,455 patients with a mean age of 60.8 ± 17.0 years. Overall, 53.0 % were male. The majority of patients were assessed in the hospital setting as inpatients or outpatients (78.5 %). The diagnosis was deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) in 59.5 % and pulmonary embolism (PE) in 40.5 %. The most common comorbidities were the various types of cardiovascular disease (excluding hypertension; 45.5 %), hypertension (42.3 %) and dyslipidaemia (21.1 %). Following the index VTE, a large proportion of patients received initial therapy with heparin (73.2 %), almost half received a vitamin K antagonist (48.7 %) and nearly a quarter received a DOAC (24.5 %). Almost a quarter of all presentations were for recurrent VTE, with >80 % of previous episodes having occurred more than 12 months prior to baseline. In conclusion, PREFER in VTE has provided contemporary insights into VTE patients and their real-world management, including their baseline characteristics, risk factors, disease history, symptoms and signs, initial therapy and outcomes

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic