83 research outputs found
Comparisons between MHD model calculations and observations of Cassini flybys of Titan
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/94689/1/jgra18227.pd
Ultraviolet emissions from the magnetic footprints of Io, Ganymede and Europa on Jupiter
Io leaves a magnetic footprint on Jupiter's upper atmosphere that appears as a spot of ultraviolet emission that remains fixed underneath Io as Jupiter rotates(1-3). The specific physical mechanisms responsible for generating those emissions are not well understood, but in general the spot seems to arise because of an electromagnetic interaction between Jupiter's magnetic field and the plasma surrounding Io, driving currents of around 1 million amperes down through Jupiter's ionosphere(4-6). The other galilean satellites may also leave footprints, and the presence or absence of such footprints should illuminate the underlying physical mechanism by revealing the strengths of the currents linking the satellites to Jupiter. Here we report persistent, faint, far-ultraviolet emission from the jovian footprints of Ganymede and Europa. We also show that Io's magnetic footprint extends well beyond the immediate vicinity of Io's flux-tube interaction with Jupiter, and much farther than predicted theoretically(4-6); the emission persists for several hours downstream. We infer from these data that Ganymede and Europa have persistent interactions with Jupiter's magnetic field despite their thin atmospheres.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/62861/1/415997a.pd
3D global multiâspecies HallâMHD simulation of the Cassini T9 flyby
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/94961/1/grl23831.pd
Saturn's equinoctial auroras
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/95061/1/grl26673.pd
The case for studying other planetary magnetospheres and atmospheres in Heliophysics
Heliophysics is the field that "studies the nature of the Sun, and how it
influences the very nature of space - and, in turn, the atmospheres of
planetary bodies and the technology that exists there." However, NASA's
Heliophysics Division tends to limit study of planetary magnetospheres and
atmospheres to only those of Earth. This leaves exploration and understanding
of space plasma physics at other worlds to the purview of the Planetary Science
and Astrophysics Divisions. This is detrimental to the study of space plasma
physics in general since, although some cross-divisional funding opportunities
do exist, vital elements of space plasma physics can be best addressed by
extending the expertise of Heliophysics scientists to other stellar and
planetary magnetospheres. However, the diverse worlds within the solar system
provide crucial environmental conditions that are not replicated at Earth but
can provide deep insight into fundamental space plasma physics processes.
Studying planetary systems with Heliophysics objectives, comprehensive
instrumentation, and new grant opportunities for analysis and modeling would
enable a novel understanding of fundamental and universal processes of space
plasma physics. As such, the Heliophysics community should be prepared to
consider, prioritize, and fund dedicated Heliophysics efforts to planetary
targets to specifically study space physics and aeronomy objectives
Identification of Saturn's magnetospheric regions and associated plasma processes: Synopsis of Cassini observations during orbit insertion
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/94634/1/rog1672.pd
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NOS1AP is a novel molecular target and critical factor in TDP-43 pathology
Cappelli et al. reported that Nitric Oxide Synthase 1 Adaptor Protein is a co-regulated transcript of the TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa, reduced in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration patients with TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa pathology. Overall, their results highlight Nitric Oxide Synthase 1 Adaptor Protein as a novel druggable disease-relevant gene in TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa-related proteinopathies.Many lines of evidence have highlighted the role played by heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In this study, we have aimed to identify transcripts co-regulated by TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa and highly conserved heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins which have been previously shown to regulate TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa toxicity (deleted in azoospermia-associated protein 1, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein -Q, -D, -K and -U). Using the transcriptome analyses, we have uncovered that Nitric Oxide Synthase 1 Adaptor Protein mRNA is a direct TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa target, and in flies, its modulation alone can rescue TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa pathology. In primary mouse cortical neurons, we show that TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa mediated downregulation of Nitric Oxide Synthase 1 Adaptor Protein expression strongly affects the NMDA-receptor signalling pathway. In human patients, the downregulation of Nitric Oxide Synthase 1 Adaptor Protein mRNA strongly correlates with TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa proteinopathy as measured by cryptic Stathmin-2 and Unc-13 homolog A cryptic exon inclusion. Overall, our results demonstrate that Nitric Oxide Synthase 1 Adaptor Protein may represent a novel disease-relevant gene, potentially suitable for the development of new therapeutic strategies
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