Examining Variations of Resting Metabolic Rate of Adults: A Public Health Perspective

There has not been a recent comprehensive effort to examine existing studies on the resting metabolic rate (RMR) of adults to identify the effect of common population demographic and anthropometric characteristics. Thus, we reviewed the literature on RMR (kcal·kg−1·h−1) to determine the relationship of age, sex, and obesity status to RMR as compared with the commonly accepted value for the metabolic equivalent (MET; e.g., 1.0 kcal·kg−1·h−1)

New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.

Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms

Interventions for weight loss and weight gain prevention among youth : current issues

Contains fulltext : mmubn000001_109039890.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Promotor : E. VelemaXI, 196 p

Test-retest reliability of the Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire

The test-retest reliability of the Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire was assessed by two administrations of the questionnaire at a five-week interval in 140 adults from a general population sample and at a two-week interval in 150 male participants in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). In both study populations, there was a slight, nonsignificant drop in reported leisure time energy expenditure between the test and the retest. The largest test-retest differences in estimated energy expenditure were found among those reporting greater levels of energy expenditure. Nevertheless, in both study populations Spearman rank correlation coefficients between the test and retest were high—0.79 to 0.88 for total activity and ranging 0.69–0.86 among the light, moderate, and heavy intensity subcategories. The high reliability of the Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire corroborates its utility in epidemiologic research