The Crisis at Fort Sumter: The Symbolic Monument That Transformed Northern and Southern Opinions During the Start of the Civil War

Understanding the complexity of the Battle at Fort Sumter and the changing opinions of Northerners and Southerners acts as means of delving into the deeper roots of slavery, secession, and national discourse that laced our nation’s undeniable history. The first firings at Fort Sumter were the flashpoint of the entirety of the Civil War, triggering the four years of battle, death, destruction, and competing nationalisms that ensued between the North and South. Because the histories of the war—more specifically the battle of Fort Sumter—are biased because they are written from points of views laced with Confederate and Unionist undertones, comprehending the interactions between historical figures that recorded or publicized their changing opinions throughout this nebulous time accurately and without partiality is difficult. By doing so, one can conclude the overall effect the national divide had on the lives and perspectives of politicians, abolitionists, slave owners, and common folk of the national discord of the time

Meso-scale transboundary units for the management of coral reefs in the South China Sea area

Local communities and local government units are recognized as the primary stakeholders and participants in the management of coral reef resources and the primary beneficiaries of small-scale fishing activities in the nearshore areas of the coastal zone. The issues relating to the management of the coastal zone are multi-faceted and some issues are largely intertwined with national policy and development goals. Thus, national governments have jurisdiction over these nearshore coastal resources to harmonize policies, monitor resource use and provide incentives for sustainable use. However, the natural boundaries of these reef resources, the processes that support reef ecosystems, and the local or national affiliation of the people who benefit from them may transcend the boundaries of the local and national management units. Therefore, efforts to arrest the decline in fish catch and loss of biodiversity for reefs require management interventions and assessment activities to be carried out at varying scales. In Southeast Asia, some aspects of reef and reef resources management — particularly in deciding the allocation of catch among competing fisheries, development of sustainable harvest strategies, use of broodstock for restocking or stock enhancement programs, protection of nursery and spawning areas, designation of systems of marine protected areas, and the identification of representative, adequate and comprehensive areas for biodiversity conservation in the region — may require the definition of larger management units. At the regional level, multi-country initiatives will need to define units for the transboundary management of resources. The use of large marine ecosystems (LMEs) to identify and manage fisheries resources may be a starting point; however, given the relatively sedentary nature of coral reef-dwelling and reef-associated organisms compared with other pelagic and demersal species, meso-scale transboundary units within the LMEs have to be defined. This paper provides suggestions for transboundary management units for coral reef and reef-associated resources in Southeast Asia based on information from genetic structures of model organisms in the region. In addition, specific reef areas are identified, which may be important beyond their national boundaries, as potential sources of recruits.Coral reefs, Resource management, Large marine ecosystems, Population genetics, Reef fisheries, Fishery management, South China Sea,

Higher Education Institutions Data Viz 1.0: Visualization Tool for Decision-Making

As part of the Commission on Higher Education’s (CHED) thrust for improving efficiency and effectiveness by simplifying the collection process for all the stakeholders, the CHED DataViz 1.0 tool will drastically improve the availability of data for making informed decisions and efficient generation of reports by presenting it in a visualized format. This research outlines opportunities associated with the implementation and governance of Big Data in higher education through development and implementation of CHED Higher Education Institution DataViz 1.0, a data analytics tool for decision-making

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) As A Competitive Advantage in Supply Chain Management

The concept of supply chain management has been done since prehistoric times. It has evolved over time with the optimization in manufacturing technologies. In today’s business climate, it is a standard operating practice that companies are continually trying to perfect in order to be more competitive. Supply chain management is far from perfect; there are still many issues, inefficiencies, and challenges that must be resolved. The current issues include uncertainties of process, supply, demand, or control. The use of radio frequency identification (RFID) is an established technology that is finding a new use within supply chain management. An RFID tag can transmit its information via radio waves when queried by a tag reader. When assembled onto a product, case, pallet, or container, this information can provide visibility to a company’s inventory system. This visibility can be extended throughout the supply chain. Since RFID tags do not need line-of-sight or contact, it can also be automated and provide benefits such as labor efficiencies, error reduction, labor savings, accurate asset tracking, and proactive stock management. Research was done through literature review of articles, websites, and white papers. Various examples demonstrated operational savings from the use of RFID within a supply chain. The variety of pilot studies and proposed implementations showed unlimited applications within supply chain management. The use of RFID in the supply chain is still in its infancy. There is a push by retailers and agencies to have the technology used. The use of RFID in supply chain management is not the cure for all the issues that a business may have. There is specific customization of the application as defined by business needs. The use of RFID in supply chain management still has future strategies that are currently unknown. Over the next decade, RFID will proliferate the supply chain due to usage maturity, decreasing tag prices, and better understanding of the technology. Note: The presentation associated with this report is included here as a supplemental file

Economic valuation of coral reef resources in Semporna-valuation of potential tourism

No Abstrac

Variola louti, Yellow-edged Lyretail

Variola louti is a widely distributed, reef-associated species that is common and abundant in parts of its range. There are emerging fisheries that target this species in some areas. There is some evidence for localized population declines in the Maldives and Mariana Islands due to overfishing, but this is not considered a major threat on a global-level at this time. Therefore, it is listed as Least Concern. Actions that reduce fishing effort and monitor populations are recommended and research on its life history is needed

Urban coral reefs: Degradation and resilience of hard coral assemblages in coastal cities of East and Southeast Asia

© 2018 The Author(s) Given predicted increases in urbanization in tropical and subtropical regions, understanding the processes shaping urban coral reefs may be essential for anticipating future conservation challenges. We used a case study approach to identify unifying patterns of urban coral reefs and clarify the effects of urbanization on hard coral assemblages. Data were compiled from 11 cities throughout East and Southeast Asia, with particular focus on Singapore, Jakarta, Hong Kong, and Naha (Okinawa). Our review highlights several key characteristics of urban coral reefs, including “reef compression” (a decline in bathymetric range with increasing turbidity and decreasing water clarity over time and relative to shore), dominance by domed coral growth forms and low reef complexity, variable city-specific inshore-offshore gradients, early declines in coral cover with recent fluctuating periods of acute impacts and rapid recovery, and colonization of urban infrastructure by hard corals. We present hypotheses for urban reef community dynamics and discuss potential of ecological engineering for corals in urban areas

The dynamics of leiognathidae in a tropical demersal ichthyofaunal community

Cleveland Bay (Townsville), on the tropical northeastern shoreline of Australia, is a small bay (225 km²) that historically has not been subjected to commercial trawling. However, the unexploited environment of Cleveland Bay is characterized by frequent disturbance by natural processes such as resuspension of sediments on the bottom due to currents generated by wind-waves and monsoonal trade winds, high terrigenous sedimentary input from riverine systems along the coast, and lowering of salinity due to increased flooding. This presents a rare opportunity to gain necessary biological and ecological information on the demersal ichthyofauna that may be typical of the unexploited bays in the Indo-Pacific region. The species composition and structure of the ichthyofauna of Cleveland Bay were studied using a strict sampling regime to provide a general view of the community. In addition, the distribution and abundance of leiognathids (Pisces: Leiognathidae) and their biology (growth, reproduction) were investigated. The extent of predation by synodontids (Pisces: Family Synodontidae) on leiognathids was estimated also. The ichthyofaunal community of Cleveland Bay was multispecific but consisted of only one assemblage at the scale of the whole bay (which is <20 m deep). Total biomass, leiognathid biomass, and leiognathid densities were highly variable at very small spatial and temporal scales (<20 m range of depth, < 1,000 m; daily) and these patterns persist through time (over years) in the frequently disturbed sedimentary regime of Cleveland Bay. The abundance of leiognathids persists despite high predation levels on recruits. This maintenance of high abundance may be explained by their fast growth and iteroparous reproduction. In addition, the leiognathids feed on zoobenthos and zooplankton that can respond rapidly to changes in the primary production of Cleveland Bay (due to resuspension of nutrients and recycling of nutrients by epibenthic biota). The strategy taken in studying this community (a combination of the top-down and bottom-up approaches) provided ecological bases for assessing the state of the ichthyofauna of Cleveland Bay and essential data for modelling multispecific, tropical demersal ichthyofauna and multispecies fisheries

Strategies for a Functional Public Vocational and Technical Education for the Philippines

451 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1976.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD

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Not AvailableVariola louti is a widely distributed, reef-associated species that is common and abundant in parts of its range. There are emerging fisheries that target this species in some areas. There is some evidence for localized population declines in the Maldives and Mariana Islands due to overfishing, but this is not considered a major threat on a global-level at this time. Therefore, it is listed as Least Concern. Actions that reduce fishing effort and monitor populations are recommended and research on its life history is needed.Not Availabl