Plâtre de Paris. Las maquetas de Le Corbusier y Charles Lasnon (1922-1938). Diálogos sobre la materia y la forma

[FR] L’atelier Le Corbusier-Jeanneret fit la commande à Charles-Augustin Lasnon-Dussaussay des maquettes en plâtre des projets de Villas exposés aux Salons d’automne de 1922 et 1923 à Paris, ainsi que celles de ses propositions pour les villes d’Alger et Nemours, réalisées dans les années trente. Ces maquettes sont les premières expressions en trois dimensions de la recherche architecturale de Le Corbusier : elles sont faites pour être photographiées, publiées et exposées, mais elles sont également une première tentative de construction de la forme, où la matière et la couleur jouent un rôle prépondérant. Appartenant à une lignée parisienne de mouleurs ou artisans du plâtre, Charles Lasnon va ajouter au savoir-faire artisanal des connaissances poussées en stéréophotogrammétrie militaire, qu’il appliqua aux cartes-relief en tant que collaborateur habituel du Service Géographique de L’Armée. Au cours de sa trajectoire, les liens entre Le Corbusier et certains artisans pour mener à bien son œuvre sont une caractéristique de sa production artistique, mariant avec eux tradition et innovation. Dans le cas présent, les résultats sont les petites architectures de ses maquettes qui, au-delà de leur condition représentative, sont des dialogues à travers le jeu savant d’échelle appliqué à la matière et à la forme.[EN] The Atelier Corbusier-Jeanneret comissioned to plaster model-maker Charles-Augustin LasnonDussaussay the works of the Villas exposed in Salons d’Automne in 1922 and 1923, as well as those devoted to Obus masterplan at Alger and Nemours, made in 1933 and 1935. All these scale models are the first volumetrical expressions of Le Corbusier’s theories: they were made to be pictured, published and exposed, but they are also their first three dimensional approaches of matter and shape. Lasnon was bound to a parisian plaster craftmen saga, so-called mouleurs, and he improves his know-how in plaster casting with new skills related to the use of militar stereophotography applied to landscape representation using carte-reliefs, due to his regular commissions with Service Geographique de l’Armée. The links between Le Corbusier and some craftmen is a topic in his art production, marrying tradition and innovation. In this case, the result are these small scaled-architectures that beyond his representative function, are dialogues on matter and shape, scaled games.[ES] El atelier Le Corbusier-Jeanneret encargó a Charles-Augustin Lasnon-Dussaussay las maquetas de yeso de los proyectos de villas presentados en los Salones de Otoño de 1922 y 1923, así como las de sus propuestas para las ciudades de Argel y Nemours realizadas durante los años treinta. Estas maquetas son las primeras expresiones en tres dimensiones del pensamiento arquitectónico de Le Corbusier: realizadas para ser fotografiadas, publicadas y expuestas, son también una primera aproximación a la construcción de la forma, en las que la materia y el color juegan un papel predominante. Perteneciente a una saga parisina de mouleurs o artesanos del yeso, Charles Lasnon añade a la tradición artesanal un conocimiento avanzado en estereofotogrametría militar, que aplicó a la realización de las carte-reliefs como colaborador habitual del Service Geographique de la Armée.  Durante toda su trayectoria, los vínculos de Le Corbusier con ciertos artesanos para llevar a cabo su obra es una característica de su producción artística, conjugando con ellos tradición e innovación. En este caso, el resultado son las pequeñas arquitecturas de sus maquetas que, más allá de su condición representativa, son diálogos mediante juegos de escala sobre la materia y la forma.De La Cova Morillo-Velarde, M. (2020). Plâtre de Paris. Las maquetas de Le Corbusier y Charles Lasnon (1922-1938). Diálogos sobre la materia y la forma. LC. Revue de recherches sur Le Corbusier. 1(1):24-37. https://doi.org/10.4995/lc.2020.13371OJS243711Benton, Tim. "La rethorique de la verité: Le Corbusier à Alger". En Le Corbusier. Visions d'Alger, coordinado por J.L. Bonillo, 172187. París: Editions de la Villette, 2012.Boesiger, William y Oscar Stonorov. Le Corbusier. Oeuvre Complète. Volume 1. 1910-29. Basel: Birkhäuser, 1999.Boyer, M. Christine. "Aviation and the Aerial View: Le Corbusier's Spatial Transformations in the 1930s and 1940s". Diacritics 33, nº 3-4 (2003): 93-116. https://doi.org/10.1353/dia.2006.0004Calatrava, Juan. "Le Corbusier y Le Poème de L'Angle Droit. Un poema habitable. Una casa poética". En Le Corbusier y la síntesis de las artes, coordinado por Juan Calatrava. Madrid: Círculo de Bellas Artes - Fondation Le Corbusier, 2006.Colomina, Beatriz. "Le Corbusier and Photography". Assemblage, nº 4 (1987): 6-23. https://doi.org/10.2307/3171032De la Cova, Miguel Ángel. Maquetas de Le Corbusier: técnicas, objetos y sujetos. Sevilla: Editorial Universidad de Sevilla, 2016.Deriu, Davide. "Transforming Ideas into Pictures. Model, Photography and Modern Architecture". En Camera Constructs: Photography, Architecture and the Modern City, ed. por Andrew Higgot, 159-178. Farnham: Ashgate, 2012.Fanelli, Giovanni. Histoire de la photographie d'architecture. Lausanne: Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes, 2016. Focillon, Henri. Vies des formes. Suivi de Éloge de la main. París: Presses Universitaires de France, 1943.Giordani, Jean-Pierre. "Le Corbusier et les projets pour la ville d'Alger". Tesis Doctoral. Université de Paris, 1987.Gómez, Francisco Vicente. "El concepto de 'dialoguismo' en Bajtin: la otra forma del diálogo renacentista". Anuario de la Sociedad Española de Literatura General y Comparada, nº 5 (1983): 47-54.Le Corbusier. Por las cuatro rutas. Barcelona: Gustavo Gili, 1972.Le Corbusier. La Ville Radieuse: éléments d'une doctrine d'urbanisme pour l'équipement de la civilisation machiniste. París: Vincent Fréal & Cie, 1935.Le Corbusier. Mise au point. Traducido por Jorge Torres Cueco. Madrid: Abada Editores, 2014.Le Couëdic, Daniel. Savina, l'improbable compagnon de route. París: Fondation Le Corbusier, 2005.Mameli, Maddalena. Le Corbusier e Costantino Nivola. New York 1946-1953. Milán: Franco Angeli, 2012.Maniaque, Caroline. Le Corbusier et les maisons Jaoul. París: Editions A&J Picard, 2005.Nicoll, Edna L. A travers l'Exposition coloniale. París: E. L. Nicoll, 1931.Pinet, Hélène. Rodin: sculpteur et les photographies de son temps. París: Sers, 1985.Torres Cueco, Jorge. Le Corbusier: visiones de la técnica en cinco tiempos. Barcelona: Fundación Caja de Arquitectos, 2004.Wigley, Mark. White Walls. Designer Dresses: The Fashioning of Modern Architecture. Cambridge (Massachusetts) - London (England): The MIT Press, 2001

Aggregation of Cyclodextrins: Fundamental Issues and Applications

The aggregation of cyclodextrins (CD) in aqueous solution is an old, yet still vastly unexplored topic that has been studied at least since the 1980s. At that time, few authors took into consideration the possibility of formation of aggregates for the interpretation of thermodynamic and thermophysical properties of CDs in aqueous solution. The aggregates appear at quite low CD concentrations and seem to encompass only a small number of CD molecules. They also occur in water in the presence of hydrophobic or amphiphilic moieties, including surfactants, assuming a preassembled state with the hydrophobic chains threading through one or two CDs. After a long period in which it has been neglected, CD aggregation is now a hot topic and one far from gathering consensus. In this chapter, a timely and critical review on the phenomenon of CD aggregation and the respective supramolecular properties, including some computational rationales, will be presented. A comprehensive summary of CD aggregates studied to date, indicating the formation conditions, characterization techniques, and applications, is also provided

Global electricity network - Feasibility study

With the strong development of renewable energy sources worldwide, the concept of a global electricity network has been imagined in order to take advantage of the diversity from different time zones, seasons, load patterns and the intermittency of the generation, thus supporting a balanced coordination of power supply of all interconnected countries. The TB presents the results of the feasibility study performed by WG C1.35. It addresses the challenges, benefits and issues of uneven distribution of energy resources across the world. The time horizon selected is 2050. The study finds significant potential benefits of a global interconnection, identifies the most promising links, and includes sensitivity analyses to different factors, such as wind energy capacity factors or technology costs

Analisi dei tempi d\u2019attesa tra le varie fasi di gestione dei carcinomi mammari screening-detected a Trieste nel biennio 2013-2014: come si pu\uf2 migliorare?

Gli indicatori relativi ai tempi di attesa sono difficili da rispettare, come recentemente evidenziato al XIII Convegno ONS 2015 . Per questo motivo \ue8 fondamentale identificare in quale momento della gestione dei carcinomi screening-detected si concentrino i ritardi e stabilirne le cause (se attribuibili alla paziente o all\u2019organizzazione del programma o intrinseci al tipo di lesione) cos\uec da proporre mirate modifiche migliorative. Metodi: L\u2019analisi riguarda 146 carcinomi screening-detected consecutivi (biennio 2013-2014). Sono stati misurati i tempi tra le varie fasi diagnostiche (Mammografia di I\ub0 livello, Richiamo II\ub0 livello, I\ub0 approfondimento cito/microistologico, Comunicazione diagnosi) e i tempi chirurgici (Visita chirurgica, Intervento chirurgico, Referto istologico con marcatori biologici, Visita oncologica). Per ogni fase sono stati calcolati i tempi medi/mediani rappresentati tramite box plot e giustificati gli outliers.Risultati: La latenza nella presa in carico chirurgica \ue8 legato alla complessit\ue0 degli esami preoperatori (3) (tempo mediano tra richiamo al II\ub0 livello ed intervento: 53 giorni (se unico esame pre-operatorio) vs 73 (se pi\uf9 di un esame pre-operatorio, p<0.0001), mentre rispetto ad un recente studio (4) il tempo mediano tra visita chirurgica e intervento non \ue8 aumentato per i casi con necessit\ue0 di RM (28 vs 26 giorni, p=0.13), perch\ue9 gi\ue0 programmata in fase preoperatoria. Per i casi con mastectomia sempre con ricostruzione, si registra un tempo medio dalla visita chirurgica all\u2019intervento di 7 giorni superiore rispetto alle quadrantectomie. Ulteriore criticit\ue0 \ue8 il tempo mediano tra intervento e visita oncologica (44 giorni), attribuibile in parte ad un \u201critardo\u201d nella disponibilit\ue0 dei marcatori biomolecolari (soprattutto HER2/FISH) ed in parte a rinvii dell\u2019appuntamento da parte della paziente stessa Conclusioni: Soltanto un attento monitoraggio del turnaround time dell\u2019intero percorso delle pazienti con carcinoma screening detected consente l\u2019identificazione dei punti di debolezza su cui intervenire efficacemente per garantire il rispetto degli indicatori

Measurement of the correlation between flow harmonics of different order in lead-lead collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Correlations between the elliptic or triangular flow coefficients vm (m=2 or 3) and other flow harmonics vn (n=2 to 5) are measured using √sNN=2.76 TeV Pb+Pb collision data collected in 2010 by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 7 μb−1. The vm−vn correlations are measured in midrapidity as a function of centrality, and, for events within the same centrality interval, as a function of event ellipticity or triangularity defined in a forward rapidity region. For events within the same centrality interval, v3 is found to be anticorrelated with v2 and this anticorrelation is consistent with similar anticorrelations between the corresponding eccentricities, ε2 and ε3. However, it is observed that v4 increases strongly with v2, and v5 increases strongly with both v2 and v3. The trend and strength of the vm−vn correlations for n=4 and 5 are found to disagree with εm−εn correlations predicted by initial-geometry models. Instead, these correlations are found to be consistent with the combined effects of a linear contribution to vn and a nonlinear term that is a function of v22 or of v2v3, as predicted by hydrodynamic models. A simple two-component fit is used to separate these two contributions. The extracted linear and nonlinear contributions to v4 and v5 are found to be consistent with previously measured event-plane correlations

Highly-parallelized simulation of a pixelated LArTPC on a GPU

The rapid development of general-purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPU) is allowing the implementation of highly-parallelized Monte Carlo simulation chains for particle physics experiments. This technique is particularly suitable for the simulation of a pixelated charge readout for time projection chambers, given the large number of channels that this technology employs. Here we present the first implementation of a full microphysical simulator of a liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) equipped with light readout and pixelated charge readout, developed for the DUNE Near Detector. The software is implemented with an end-to-end set of GPU-optimized algorithms. The algorithms have been written in Python and translated into CUDA kernels using Numba, a just-in-time compiler for a subset of Python and NumPy instructions. The GPU implementation achieves a speed up of four orders of magnitude compared with the equivalent CPU version. The simulation of the current induced on 10^3 pixels takes around 1 ms on the GPU, compared with approximately 10 s on the CPU. The results of the simulation are compared against data from a pixel-readout LArTPC prototype