Radiative corrections to inverse muon decay for accelerator neutrinos

Inverse muon decay ($\nu_\mu e^- \to \nu_e \mu^-$) is a promising tool to constrain neutrino fluxes with energies $E_{\nu} \ge 10.9~\mathrm{GeV}$. Radiative corrections introduce percent-level distortions to energy spectra of outgoing muons and depend on experimental details. In this paper, we generalize the calculation of radiative corrections in muon decay to the scattering processes $\nu_\mu e^- \to \nu_e \mu^-$ and $\bar{\nu}_e e^- \to \bar{\nu}_\mu \mu^-$. We evaluate virtual and real $\mathrm{O} \left( \alpha \right)$ contributions and present the muon energy spectrum for both channels, double-differential distributions in muon energy and muon scattering angle, in photon energy and photon scattering angle, and photon energy spectrum for the dominant $\nu_\mu e^- \to \nu_e \mu^-$ process. We discuss how radiative corrections modify experimentally interesting distributions.Comment: 21 pages, 8 figures, v2, structure changed, new cross sections adde

Product platform modeling based on component reuse

105 p.This dissertation focuses on issues concerning the development of a product platform by technology-based companies. In case of companies looking for an advantage over their competitors, much emphasis is laid on how to reduce the product development cycle time, time to market and costs related to the product development process. The need for product customization and mass customization has also taken a forefront in the new product development process. To deal with these issues, companies worldwide have adopted the approach of platform products. In this approach, a product platform composed of the different common components and modules is first built from which a stream of derivative products are effectively created and launched. The common building blocks in making a product platform are customer needs, product technologies, manufacturing technologies and organizational capabilities.Master of Science (Smart Product Design

Multilayer arsenic mobilization and multimetal co-enrichment in the alluvium (Brahmaputra) plains of India: a tale of redox domination along the depth

The study attempts to understand arsenic (As) mobilization in a shallow aquifer with depth variation while focusing on the potential co-occurrence of As with priority metals (zinc and lead), using a pilot scale multilevel groundwater monitoring system (MGWS). Groundwater samples (n = 72) were collected bi-weekly (every 15 days) from the multilevel sampler (4.6, 9.2 and 13.8 m depths), installed at Tezpur, Sonitpur district of Brahmaputra floodplain (BFP), Assam, India, for a period of 1 year (August 2013–July 2014). Both geogenic and anthropogenic influences were found to affect the studied unconfined aquifer. At 4.6 m, weathering dominated due to interaction with CO2 and infiltrating water. Prevalent high pH (7.9–8.6) at all three depths in association with strong oxidizing condition (at 4.6 m) during the drier months seem to play a crucial role in desorption based As release. Multivariate analyses revealed that redox potential (ORP) remains the primary controller of As release at all three depths. With depth, stronger anoxic conditions resulted in the dominance of reductive hydrolysis leading to a co-occurrence scenario of As (max 4.6 μgL−1) with Zn (max 2514 μgL−1) and Pb (max 740 μL−1) with influences of anthropogenic modes of activities like agriculture and dry deposition from a brick kiln. Multi-element enrichment is an emerging concern but the bigger picture would be to understand the peculiarities of individual aquifers, as a generalization can lead to missing a ton of information. In this regard, long-term multilevel monitoring can help in the predictive understanding of the vertical stratification and co-occurrences of multi-metals that can subsequently be applied for water production at the safer depths.by Arbind Kumar Patel,Nilotpal Das and Manish Kuma