Le segment nord de la faille de la Tet (Pyrénées-Orientales) : fonctionnement néogène et implications géomorphologiques

International audienceDans les régions à vitesses de déformations faibles à moyennes, l'évaluation des tendances évolutives des reliefs passe par l'identification des failles actives et leur expression géomorphologique. L'utilisation d'indicateurs mor-phologiques et sédimentaires permet de reconstituer les stades de croissance et de dégradation des reliefs. Le segment nord de la faille de la Têt (F.T.N.) est un accident à forte signature morphologique s'exprimant par un escarpement orienté N080 o à N050 o E et long de 30 kilomètres. Les outils morphométriques adaptés à la détection des mouvements verticaux et le signal sédimentaire sont appliqués à la F.T.N. entre Prades et Ille-sur-Têt (Pyrénées-Orientales). Les mar-queurs caractéristiques de son évolution sont la morphométrie des facettes triangulaires, des bassins versants et du ré-seau hydrographique ainsi que la stratigraphie des dépôts détritiques pliocènes. L'étude des lithofaciès et des séquences élémentaires pliocènes montre que la sédimentation est en étroite relation avec l'activité de la faille. La géométrie ac-tuelle de la surface de remblaiement pliocène supérieur du bassin du Conflent, la position altitudinale des paléotalwegs et des ruptures sur le profil en long des cours d'eau montrent clairement que l'activité de faille s'estompe dès le Plio-cène supérieur. L'approche multicritère (sédimentologie, structure et géomorphologie) montre que la F.T.N. n'est plus active au Pléistocène. L'escarpement de faille actuel est une ancienne structure exhumée révélée par l'érosion différen-tielle. Au Quaternaire, l'exhumation de l'escarpement et du remplissage pliocène est en relation avec le basculement de la marge du golfe du Lion

Rapport d’expertise de la procédure de qualification des équipements ILS. Limites et Probabilités de confiance.

L'objet de cette étude est de clarifier certains passages du rapport "DERA/WSS/WX1/CR 980799/2.3 ILS Certification Requirements". Nous étudions en particulier le paragraphe 3.3 "Confidence Limits for Sequential Tests" p.28-34 et le paragraphe 2 de l'appendice D, p.69-72

Study of the ILS certification process. Confidence limits and probabilities.

The purpose of this study is to explain some parts of the DERA report DERA/WSS/WX1/CR 980799/2.3. "ILS Certification Requirements" (Ref. 2). We mainly study section 3.3 "Confidence Limits for Sequential Tests" p.28-34 and section 2 of the appendix D, p.69-72

Classical Symmetries of Some Two-Dimensional Models

It is well-known that principal chiral models and symmetric space models in two-dimensional Minkowski space have an infinite-dimensional algebra of hidden symmetries. Because of the relevance of symmetric space models to duality symmetries in string theory, the hidden symmetries of these models are explored in some detail. The string theory application requires including coupling to gravity, supersymmetrization, and quantum effects. However, as a first step, this paper only considers classical bosonic theories in flat space-time. Even though the algebra of hidden symmetries of principal chiral models is confirmed to include a Kac--Moody algebra (or a current algebra on a circle), it is argued that a better interpretation is provided by a doubled current algebra on a semi-circle (or line segment). Neither the circle nor the semi-circle bears any apparent relationship to the physical space. For symmetric space models the line segment viewpoint is shown to be essential, and special boundary conditions need to be imposed at the ends. The algebra of hidden symmetries also includes Virasoro-like generators. For both principal chiral models and symmetric space models, the hidden symmetry stress tensor is singular at the ends of the line segment.Comment: 51 pages, minor corrections and added reference

Higher-Order Gravitational Couplings and Modular Forms in N=2,D=4N=2,D=4 Heterotic String Compactifications

The restrictions of target--space duality are imposed at the perturbative level on the holomorphic Wilsonian couplings that encode certain higher-order gravitational interactions in $N=2, D=4$ heterotic string compactifications. A crucial role is played by non-holomorphic corrections. The requirement of symplectic covariance and an associated symplectic anomaly equation play an important role in determining their form. For models which also admit a type-II description, this equation coincides with the holomorphic anomaly equation for type-II compactifications in the limit that a specific K\"ahler-class modulus grows large. We explicitly evaluate some of the higher-order couplings for a toroidal compactification with two moduli $T$ and $U$, and we express them in terms of modular forms.Comment: 39 pages, Late

Classical and quantum N=2 supersymmetric black holes

We use heterotic/type-II prepotentials to study quantum/classical black holes with half the $N=2, D=4$ supersymmetries unbroken. We show that, in the case of heterotic string compactifications, the perturbatively corrected entropy formula is given by the tree-level entropy formula with the tree-level coupling constant replaced by the perturbative coupling constant. In the case of type-II compactifications, we display a new entropy/area formula associated with axion-free black-hole solutions, which depends on the electric and magnetic charges as well as on certain topological data of Calabi--Yau three-folds, namely the intersection numbers, the second Chern class and the Euler number of the three-fold. We show that, for both heterotic and type-II theories, there is the possibility to relax the usual requirement of the non-vanishing of some of the charges and still have a finite entropy.Comment: 28 pages, LaTe

Perturbative Couplings of Vector Multiplets in N=2N=2 Heterotic String Vacua

We study the low-energy effective Lagrangian of $N=2$ heterotic string vacua at the classical and quantum level. The couplings of the vector multiplets are uniquely determined at the tree level, while the loop corrections are severely constrained by the exact discrete symmetries of the string vacuum. We evaluate the general transformation law of the perturbative prepotential and determine its form for the toroidal compactifications of six-dimensional $N=1$ supersymmetric vacua.Comment: 44 pages, late

String Consistency for Unified Model Building

We explore the use of real fermionization as a test case for understanding how specific features of phenomenological interest in the low-energy effective superpotential are realized in exact solutions to heterotic superstring theory. We present pedagogic examples of models which realize SO(10) as a level two current algebra on the world-sheet, and discuss in general how higher level current algebras can be realized in the tensor product of simple constituent conformal field theories. We describe formal developments necessary to compute couplings in models built using real fermionization. This allows us to isolate cases of spin structures where the standard prescription for real fermionization may break down.Comment: harvmac (available from xxx.lanl.gov), 30 pages (reduced format), if you are using harvmac for the first time, make sure to adjust the "site dependent options" at the beginning of the harvmac file. Shortened introduction and added table 3, listing the complete massless spectrum with U(1) charges of Model A. Version to appear in journa

Heat generation mechanisms of DBD plasma actuators

During the last twenty years DBD plasma actuators have been known by their ability for boundary layer flow control applications. However, their usefulness is not limited to this application field, they also present great utility for applications within the field of heat transfer, such as a way to improve the aerodynamic efficiency of film cooling of gas turbine blades, or de-icing and ice formation prevention. Nevertheless, there is a relative lack of information about DBD’s thermal characteristics and its heat generation mechanisms. This happens due to the extremely high electric fields in the plasma region and consequent impossibility of applying intrusive measurement techniques. Against this background, this work describes the physical mechanisms behind the generation of heat associated to the DBD plasma actuators operation. An experimental technique, based on calorimetric principles, was devised in order to quantify the heat energy generated during the plasma actuators operation. The influence of the dielectric thickness, as well as the dielectric material, were also evaluated during this work. The results were exposed and discussed with the purpose of a better understanding of the heat generation mechanisms behind the operation of DBD plasma actuators

Feedback and the Formation of Dwarf Galaxy Stellar Halos

Stellar population studies show that low mass galaxies in all environments exhibit stellar halos that are older and more spherically distributed than the main body of the galaxy. In some cases, there is a significant intermediate age component that extends beyond the young disk. We examine a suite of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamic (SPH) simulations and find that elevated early star formation activity combined with supernova feedback can produce an extended stellar distribution that resembles these halos for model galaxies ranging from $v_{200}$ = 15 km s$^{-1}$ to 35 km s$^{-1}$, without the need for accretion of subhalos.Comment: 15 pages, 15 figures, accepted MNRA