Reconciling the Sex Offender Registration Act and the Family Court Act: Why the New York Legislature Should Allow Consideration of Prior Juvenile Delinquency Adjudications in Sora Risk Level Determinations

(Excerpt) This Note argues that advisory boards should not be prevented from considering juvenile delinquency proceedings in determining an adult offender\u27s risk level. While one of the FCA\u27s goals is to protect children from the stigma associated with a criminal conviction, the harm caused by the blanket prohibition against disclosing an offender\u27s juvenile delinquency history outweighs its benefits. That is, despite the legislature\u27s mandate that a juvenile\u27s records be kept confidential, it is nonetheless time to revisit that decision. As currently constituted, the FCA adversely affects the ability of officials to make appropriate recommendations for the safety of the community. This puts society at risk

Trustees Beware: Reviewing the Circuit Split on Bankruptcy Trustee Personal Liability

(Excerpt) Imagine that you have been appointed to serve as a trustee in a bankruptcy case. As the “representative of the estate,” one of your responsibilities is to properly manage the estate’s assets. You decide to invest the estate’s funds in several risky penny stocks, relying on minimal research you performed online. Unfortunately, these investments quickly decrease in value, substantially diminishing the value of the estate. Now, of course, the debtor and his creditors are angry and want to sue you for mismanaging the estate’s funds. Can you be held personally liable? In other words, will you have to pay for those losses from your own bank account? The answer varies according to the jurisdiction in which the case is heard. Unfortunately, the bankruptcy code is silent about when a trustee will be held liable for mistakes or misconduct. Some circuits hold that a trustee is personally liable for mere negligence; one circuit will impose personal liability only for gross negligence; and others will hold a trustee personally liable only for intentional misconduct. This memo will discuss a trustee’s vulnerability to personal liability and the standards that circuit courts use in determining whether to impose such liability. Part I of this memo will briefly outline the responsibilities of a bankruptcy trustee. Part II will examine the theory of trustee personal liability and explain why it is significant to aggrieved parties. Part III will discuss the various standards that circuit courts apply to decide whether to impose liability on trustees. It will also explain various policy considerations expressed in favor and against each standard. This memo will conclude that because there is no uniform law of trustee liability, it is important that all parties to a bankruptcy case, especially the trustee, understand the trustee’s standards of care imposed by the relevant jurisdiction

ПРОБЛЕМЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННО-ЧАСТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

Public-private partnership (PPP) is a complex mechanism, which includes a variety of industry legislation, which together form a system of legislative regulation of relations at the interaction of private and public parties in the realization of long-term capital-intensive investment projects for the development of public infrastructure. The article describes the current state of PPP in the Russian Federation, the analysis of the main problems and needs integrated action (regulatory, institutional and investment) to improve and develop this project.Государственно-частное партнерство (ГЧП) - это сложный механизм, включающий в себя различные отрасли законодательства, которые в совокупности образуют систему нормативно-правового регулирования отношений, складывающихся при взаимодействии частной и публичной сторон при реализации долгосрочных капиталоемких инвестиционных проектов по развитию общественной инфраструктуры. В статье рассматривается современное состояние ГЧП в Российской Федерации, проведен анализ основных проблем и нужд комплексных мер (нормативных, институциональных и инвестиционных) по совершенствованию и развитию данного проекта

Piloting a global mentorship initiative to support African emergency nurses

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Mentorship is a relationship whereby a person experienced in the specialty supports and guides a less experienced person following a process of relationship building, engagement and development, self-inquiry and reflection (Seekoe, 2014). It involves regular contact with a critical friend who has a mature level of skills and expertise and can advise and support the mentee’s development in order to empower them and build capacity (Seekoe, 2014). In healthcare this relationship usually has formal recognition. Indeed clinical mentorship of nurse initiated antiretroviral therapy in resource limited settings in South Africa suggests that mentorship increases clinical confidence and improves the quality of nursing care (Green, de Azevedo, Patten, Davies, Ibeto, et al., 2014). Bennet, Paina, Ssengooba, Waswa and Imunya (2013) demonstrated in Kenya and Uganda that mentorship programmes have a positive impact on career development and whether to remain in health research. However, in a global healthcare context, one size does not fit all. Limited examples exist of Afrocentric mentorship arrangements which enhance the personal development and expertise of novice health practitioners however no current mentorship infrastructure exists to support the development of emergency nurses in Africa (Brysiewicz, 2012). This paper explains the creation and pilot of a global mentorship initiative through collaboration to support emergency nurses in Africa and, the potential benefits and limitations of such a quest.Peer reviewe

The West Midlands ActiVe lifestyle and healthy Eating in School children (WAVES) study: a cluster randomised controlled trial testing the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a multifaceted obesity prevention intervention programme targeted at children aged 6-7 years.

BACKGROUND: Systematic reviews suggest that school-based interventions can be effective in preventing childhood obesity, but better-designed trials are needed that consider costs, process, equity, potential harms and longer-term outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the WAVES (West Midlands ActiVe lifestyle and healthy Eating in School children) study intervention, compared with usual practice, in preventing obesity among primary school children. DESIGN: A cluster randomised controlled trial, split across two groups, which were randomised using a blocked balancing algorithm. Schools/participants could not be blinded to trial arm. Measurement staff were blind to allocation arm as far as possible. SETTING: Primary schools, West Midlands, UK. PARTICIPANTS: Schools within a 35-mile radius of the study centre and all year 1 pupils (aged 5-6 years) were eligible. Schools with a higher proportion of pupils from minority ethnic populations were oversampled to enable subgroup analyses. INTERVENTIONS: The 12-month intervention encouraged healthy eating/physical activity (PA) by (1) helping teachers to provide 30 minutes of additional daily PA, (2) promoting 'Villa Vitality' (interactive healthy lifestyles learning, in an inspirational setting), (3) running school-based healthy cooking skills/education workshops for parents and children and (4) highlighting information to families with regard to local PA opportunities. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcomes were the difference in body mass index z-scores (BMI-zs) between arms (adjusted for baseline body mass index) at 3 and 18 months post intervention (clinical outcome), and cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) (cost-effectiveness outcome). The secondary outcomes were further anthropometric, dietary, PA and psychological measurements, and the difference in BMI-z between arms at 27 months post intervention in a subset of schools. RESULTS: Two groups of schools were randomised: 27 in 2011 (n = 650 pupils) [group 1 (G1)] and another 27 in 2012 (n = 817 pupils) [group 2 (G2)]. Primary outcome data were available at first follow-up (n = 1249 pupils) and second follow-up (n = 1145 pupils) from 53 schools. The mean difference (MD) in BMI-z between the control and intervention arms was -0.075 [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.183 to 0.033] and -0.027 (95% CI -0.137 to 0.083) at 3 and 18 months post intervention, respectively. The main analyses showed no evidence of between-arm differences for any secondary outcomes. Third follow-up included data on 467 pupils from 27 G1 schools, and showed a statistically significant difference in BMI-z (MD -0.20, 95% CI -0.40 to -0.01). The mean cost of the intervention was £266.35 per consented child (£155.53 per child receiving the intervention). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio associated with the base case was £46,083 per QALY (best case £26,804 per QALY), suggesting that the intervention was not cost-effective. LIMITATIONS: The presence of baseline primary outcome imbalance between the arms, and interschool variation in fidelity of intervention delivery. CONCLUSIONS: The primary analyses show no evidence of clinical effectiveness or cost-effectiveness of the WAVES study intervention. A post hoc analysis, driven by findings at third follow-up, suggests a possible intervention effect, which could have been attenuated by baseline imbalances. There was no evidence of an intervention effect on measures of diet or PA and no evidence of harm. FUTURE WORK: A realist evidence synthesis could provide insights into contextual factors and strategies for future interventions. School-based interventions need to be integrated within a wider societal framework and supported by upstream interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN97000586. FUNDING: This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full inHealth Technology Assessment; Vol. 22, No. 8. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information

Home-based health promotion for older people with mild frailty: the HomeHealth intervention development and feasibility RCT.

BACKGROUND: Mild frailty or pre-frailty is common and yet is potentially reversible. Preventing progression to worsening frailty may benefit individuals and lower health/social care costs. However, we know little about effective approaches to preventing frailty progression. OBJECTIVES: (1) To develop an evidence- and theory-based home-based health promotion intervention for older people with mild frailty. (2) To assess feasibility, costs and acceptability of (i) the intervention and (ii) a full-scale clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness randomised controlled trial (RCT). DESIGN: Evidence reviews, qualitative studies, intervention development and a feasibility RCT with process evaluation. INTERVENTION DEVELOPMENT: Two systematic reviews (including systematic searches of 14 databases and registries, 1990-2016 and 1980-2014), a state-of-the-art review (from inception to 2015) and policy review identified effective components for our intervention. We collected data on health priorities and potential intervention components from semistructured interviews and focus groups with older people (aged 65-94 years) (n = 44), carers (n = 12) and health/social care professionals (n = 27). These data, and our evidence reviews, fed into development of the 'HomeHealth' intervention in collaboration with older people and multidisciplinary stakeholders. 'HomeHealth' comprised 3-6 sessions with a support worker trained in behaviour change techniques, communication skills, exercise, nutrition and mood. Participants addressed self-directed independence and well-being goals, supported through education, skills training, enabling individuals to overcome barriers, providing feedback, maximising motivation and promoting habit formation. FEASIBILITY RCT: Single-blind RCT, individually randomised to 'HomeHealth' or treatment as usual (TAU). SETTING: Community settings in London and Hertfordshire, UK. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 51 community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 65 years with mild frailty. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Feasibility - recruitment, retention, acceptability and intervention costs. Clinical and health economic outcome data at 6 months included functioning, frailty status, well-being, psychological distress, quality of life, capability and NHS and societal service utilisation/costs. RESULTS: We successfully recruited to target, with good 6-month retention (94%). Trial procedures were acceptable with minimal missing data. Individual randomisation was feasible. The intervention was acceptable, with good fidelity and modest delivery costs (£307 per patient). A total of 96% of participants identified at least one goal, which were mostly exercise related (73%). We found significantly better functioning (Barthel Index +1.68; p = 0.004), better grip strength (+6.48 kg; p = 0.02), reduced psychological distress (12-item General Health Questionnaire -3.92; p = 0.01) and increased capability-adjusted life-years [+0.017; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.001 to 0.031] at 6 months in the intervention arm than the TAU arm, with no differences in other outcomes. NHS and carer support costs were variable but, overall, were lower in the intervention arm than the TAU arm. The main limitation was difficulty maintaining outcome assessor blinding. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence is lacking to inform frailty prevention service design, with no large-scale trials of multidomain interventions. From stakeholder/public perspectives, new frailty prevention services should be personalised and encompass multiple domains, particularly socialising and mobility, and can be delivered by trained non-specialists. Our multicomponent health promotion intervention was acceptable and delivered at modest cost. Our small study shows promise for improving clinical outcomes, including functioning and independence. A full-scale individually RCT is feasible. FUTURE WORK: A large, definitive RCT of the HomeHealth service is warranted. STUDY REGISTRATION: This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42014010370 and Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN11986672. FUNDING: This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 21, No. 73. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information

Näyttöön perustuvan hoitotyön johtamista edistävät ja estävät tekijät pro gradujen valossa

Tämä opinnäytetyö toteutettiin osana Metropolia Ammattikorkeakoulun, näyttöön perustuva hoitotyö ja sen johtaminen -toiminta ohjelman kehittäminen -hanketta. Hankkeen päämääränä on kehittää kansalliseen käyttöön tarkoitettu toimintaohjelma näyttöön perustuvan hoitotyön johtamiseen. Tämä opinnäytetyö kuuluu hankkeen ensimmäiseen osaan, jossa tarkoituksena on kartoittaa nykytila näyttöön perustuvan hoitotyön johtamisen edistävistä ja estävistä tekijöistä. Nykytilanne näyttöön perustuvan hoitotyön johtamisesta on epäselvä, eikä ole tiedossa missä määrin ja miten näyttöön perustuva toiminta toteutuu hoitotyön johtamisessa. Tarkoituksena on kartoittaa nykytila näyttöön perustuvan hoitotyön johtamisen edistävistä ja estävistä tekijöistä tiedekorkeakoulujen pro gradu -tutkielmien pohjalta. Tavoitteena on tuottaa opinnäytetyö, jossa näyttöön perustuvan hoitotyön johtamista edistävät ja estävät tekijät ovat helposti löydettävissä ja hyödynnettävissä hoitotyön kehittämisestä varten. Opinnäytetyön tutkimuskysymykset ovat seuraavat: 1) Mitkä tekijät estävät näyttöön perus-tuvan hoitotyön johtamista? 2) Mitkä tekijät edistävät näyttöön perustuvan hoitotyön johta-mista? Aineistona tässä opinnäytetyössä käytettiin tiedekorkeakoulujen pro gradu -tutkielmia. Työssä käytetty aineisto on kerätty Medic- , PubMed- ja Medline -tietokantoja hyväksi käyttäen. Aineiston keruussa on lisäksi käytetty manuaalista hakua. Opinnäytetyön tulosten perusteella voidaan sanoa, että näyttöön perustuvan hoitotyön johtamiseen vaikuttavia tekijöitä on useita. Estäviksi tekijöiksi useissa eri tutkimuksissa nousivat työyksikön negatiivinen kulttuuri ja asenne näyttöön perustuvaa hoitotyötä kohtaan, käytännön työn kuormittavuus, resurssien hallinta, puutteelliset ATK-taidot ja hoitajien vähäinen taustatieto näyttöön perustuvasta toiminnasta. Edistäviksi tekijöiksi esille nousivat koulutusinterventio, mentorointi, tutkimusklubit, esimiehen tuki ja arvostus näyttöön perustuvan toiminnan johtajaa kohtaan, johtajien työssä jaksaminen ja heidän esimerkillinen roolinsa näyttöön perustuvan toiminnan edistäjinä.This study was conducted as part of a Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences project. The aim of the project is to develop a national action plan intended for the use of evidence-based nursing management. This study is part of the first phase of the project, where the aim was to map the current state of factors promoting and inhibiting evidence-based nursing leadership. The current situation of evidence-based nursing management is unclear, and it is not known to what extent and how evidence-based practice in nursing management is applied. The objective of the study was to map the current state of factors promoting and inhibiting evidence-based nursing leadership on the basis of Master's theses. The aim was to produce a literature review, in which inhibiting and promoting factors are easily found and the review would contribute to the development of evidence-based nursing management. Research questions of the thesis are as follows: 1) What factors inhibit evidence-based nursing leadership? 2) What factors promote evidence-based nursing leadership? The study material of this thesis were collected from master's thesis researches. The material used in this work has been collected from Medic, PubMed and Med-line databases. Manual search has been used as well in the collection of the data. Based on the results of the thesis, it can be said that there are several factors that affect the management of evidence-based nursing. Inhibitory factors in a variety of studies were negative working units culture and attitude towards evidence-based healthcare, load of practical work, resource management, lack of computer skills and poor background information about evidence-based activities. Promoting factors were educational intervention, mentoring, research clubs, supervisor's support and appreciation towards the director of evidence-based activities, Leaders coping at work and their exemplary role in promoting evidence-based activities

Navigating Investment Terrain: Exploring the Efficacy of Relational Perspective as a Tool for Team Analysis in Private Equity and Venture Capital Investments

This bachelor's thesis, within the International Business Degree Program specializing in Entrepreneurship at Haaga-Helia University of Applied Sciences, aims to bridge the gap between psychological, sociological, and financial perspectives. It does so by exploring the practical applicability of the relational perspective as a tool for analyzing teams. Focused on private equity (PE) and venture capital (VC) investments, the interdisciplinary research examines teams through multiple lenses, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of the relational perspective in financial contexts. The research employs a mixed methods approach, integrating both quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data, provided by the commissioning company, is complemented by qualitative insights gained through interviews with investment experts. The central research question investigates the effectiveness of the relational perspective in mitigating human-related risks for PE and VC investors before investment decisions. The research identifies 18 dimensions affecting teams through quantitative analysis, providing a nuanced understanding of team dynamics. Qualitative data from investor interviews highlights the need for trustworthy team analysis in decision-making. Viewed through a relational lens, team issues are seen as challenges that have a ripple effect on the entire team. This perspective emphasizes the significance of scrutinizing not just the interactions among team members but also the relationships each member forges with the team as a cohesive unit. Risks within teams are identified and recognized as broader problems affecting work groups and the overall work environment. The relational perspective heightens the interdependence of team dynamics, underscoring the imperative to address these issues for enhanced team well-being and performance. For investors, this perspective provides valuable insights, facilitating a more informed assessment of whether to invest in the team. Venture capitalists can utilize this understanding to forecast optimal approaches for mentoring and coaching the team, leveraging a deeper insight into their relational dynamics. Private equity investors gain a more accurate perspective on areas requiring attention and potential modification, enabling them to navigate the complexities of team dynamics with greater precision and foresight. The thesis concludes with the recommendation section, offering concrete guidance to aid investors in their decision-making process based on the pivotal role that management teams play in investment decisions and the various factors influencing these evaluations

Islamophobia, “Clash of Civilizations”, and Forging a Post-Cold War Order!

Islamophobia, as a problem, is often argued to be a rational choice by the stereotypical media coverage of Islam and Muslims, even though it points to the symptom rather than the root cause. Islamophobia reemerges in public discourses and part of state policies in the post-Cold War period and builds upon latent Islamophobia that is sustained in the long history of Orientalist and stereotypical representation of Arabs, Muslims, and Islam itself. The book What is Islamophobia? Racism, Social Movements and the State, edited by Narzanin Massoumi, Tom Mills, and David Miller offers a unique contribution to how best to define and locate the problem of demonizing Islam and Muslims in the contemporary period. The three scholars provide a more critical and structural approach to the subject by offering what they call the “five pillars of Islamophobia”, which are the following: (1) the institutions and machinery of the state; (2) the far-right, incorporating the counter-jihad movement; (3) the neoconservative movement; (4) the transnational Zionist movement; and (5) the assorted liberal groupings including the pro-war left and the new atheist movement. The UK-based research group correctly situates Islamophobia within existing power structures and examines the forces that consciously produce anti-Muslim discourses, the Islamophobia industry, within a broad political agenda rather than the singular focus on the media. Islamophobia emerges from the “Clash of Civilizations” ideological warriors and not merely as a problem of media stereotyping, representation, and over-emphasis on the Muslim subject. In this article, I maintain that Islamophobia is an ideological construct that emerges in the post-Cold War era with the intent to rally the Western world and the American society at a moment of perceived fragmentation after the collapse of the Soviet Union in a vastly and rapidly changing world system. Islamophobia, or the threat of Islam, is the ingredient, as postulated in Huntington’s “Clash of Civilizations” thesis that is needed to affirm the Western self-identify after the end of the Cold War and a lack of a singular threat or purpose through which to define, unify, and claim the future for the West. Thus, Islamophobia is the post-Cold War ideology to bring about a renewed purpose and crafting of the Western and American self