Estimation of bearing contact angle in-situ by X-ray kinematography

The mounted, preloaded contact angle of the structural bearings in the assembled design mechanical assembly was measured. A modification of the Turns method is presented, based upon the clarity and definition of moving parts achieved with X-ray technique and cinematic display. Contact angle is estimated by counting the number of bearings passing a given point as a function of number of turns of the shaft. Ball and pitch diameter variations are discussed. Ball train and shaft angle uncertainties are also discussed

Border tax adjustment and the EU-ETS, a quantitative assessment

If the EU stands alone in adopting climate policy and imposes a strict emissions ceiling, competitiveness of EU energy-intensive sectors will be affected negatively. Relocation of EU energy-intensive firms to countries with a lax regime also leads to carbon leakage. However, when use is made of the opportunities of the Clean Development Mechanism these impacts are very modest. Border tax adjustments (BTAs) to ‘level the playing field’ between domestic and foreign producers may be considered to address the concerns about both competitiveness and carbon leakage. It is far from clear whether these measures are WTO-proof. Simulations show that both an import levy and an export refund restore competitiveness to a certain extent. BTAs may lower the costs for energy-intensive sectors, but induce higher costs for other sectors. This paper uses a general equilibrium model to quantify and assess the implications of a number of policy scenarios.

Four futures for energy markets and climate change

Future developments in energy and climate are highly uncertain. In order to deal with these uncertainties, we developed four long-term scenarios based on the recently published economic scenarios Four Futures of Europe: STRONG EUROPE, GLOBAL ECONOMY, TRANSATLANTIC MARKET and REGIONAL COMMUNITIES. In this study, we explore the next four decades. Although the report focuses on Europe, global aspects of energy use and climate change play a significant role. The next decades, global reserves of oil and natural gas will likely be sufficient to meet the growing demand. Therefore, there is no need to worry about a looming depletion of natural energy resources. The use of fossil energy carriers will, however, affect climate because of the emissions of greenhouse gasses. In order to mitigate global increases of temperature, emissions of greenhouse gasses should be reduced. Developing countries should contribute to that effort. On the one hand they will be major emitters in the near future, on the other hand they have the low-cost abatement options.

Command system study for the operation and control of unmanned scientific satellites. task i- unified tracking/command/telemetry at lunar distances first quarterly progress report, 30 jun. - 30 sep. 1964

Control of unmanned scientific satellites and unified tracking/command/telemetry at lunar distance

Person to Person in Norway

While still in the midst of their study abroad experiences, students at Linfield College write reflective essays. Their essays address issues of cultural similarity and difference, compare lifestyles, mores, norms, and habits between their host countries and home, and examine changes in perceptions about their host countries and the United States. In this essay, Amber Hay describes her observations during her study abroad program at Telemark University College in Bø, Norway

Backcoupling of acoustic streaming on the temperature field inside high-intensity discharge lamps

Operating high-intensity discharge lamps in the high frequency range (20-300 kHz) provides energy-saving and cost reduction potentials. However, commercially available lamp drivers do not make use of this operating strategy because light intensity fluctuations and even lamp destruction are possible. The reason for the fluctuating discharge arc are acoustic resonances in this frequency range that are excited in the arc tube. The acoustic resonances in turn generate a fluid flow that is caused by the acoustic streaming effect. Here, we present a 3D multiphysics model to determine the influence of acoustic streaming on the temperature field in the vicinity of an acoustic eigenfrequency. In that case a transition from stable to instable behavior occurs. The model is able to predict when light flicker can be expected. The results are in very good accordance with accompanying experiments

Chattahoochee River Front: Creating a Public Space for the City of Atlanta

The city of Atlanta lacks public spaces. Atlanta is characterized by many high-rise buildings, and a bare urban fabric that is accessed by automobile-oriented roads rather than pedestrian streets. Dense city centers such as Buckhead, Midtown, and Downtown, lacks proper public places that support social cohesion. While the city is renowned for its green spaces and the tree canopy, much of the public space is dedicated as green parks rather than plazas as extension of the street network. When the development of Atlanta began, it was designed as a railroad city. This took the focus off its natural course of emerging as a river city. With its proximity to the Chattahoochee River, it’s surprising that it remains nonexistent. Cities like Richmond, San Antonio, and Greenville, have all developed around the river and have created vibrant places for their people. Water is often a wonderful asset for urban life as indicated by successful water features incorporated in spaces like Centennial Park and Piedmont Park. How can Atlanta reinvent its interface with the river and how can we bring water back to the public spaces? The thesis tackles this question by proposing the extension of a public space at the intersection of the major and historical arterial road connecting Atlanta to Marietta with to Chattahoochee River. The site also coincides with an important historical layer of the city: the location of one the most important Creek native American villages in north Georgia. This project proposes the design of a new public space which brings together lessons from best practice examples across the world with a thorough analysis of the site both from the physical standpoint and the socio-economic needs. The project views the intervention as a catalyst that will draw further development and growth in the area. Given the expansive segment of the Chattahoochee across the north and north-east metro area, the thesis suggests planning and design principles that can be applied to the revamping of public space along the river in the future