Workshops with adolescents about sexual health in school

This is an experience report about an extension project addressed to adolescents whose main issue is sexual health during adolescence. The workshops were designed to advise students from public schools in Diamantina-MG about sexual health and changes in the body. An interactive approach was performed in order to present the correct use of contraceptive methods and main issues related to adolescent sexuality. The adolescents participated in workshops giving examples, discussing and asking questions. Five schools participated with a total of 720 students taking part in the activities. It was possible to notice a growing understanding about sexuality and risks that unprotected sexual intercourse may cause, thus favoring the means to use safe practices and greater understanding of sexual health for adolescents. We concluded that the activities carried out in this extension project can promote a positive impact on the sexual health of adolescents by allowing access to information and guidance of appropriate health, enabling them to adopt healthy behaviors

Oficinas com adolescentes sobre saúde sexual no ambiente escolar

This is an experience report about an extension project addressed to adolescents whose main issue is sexual health during adolescence. The workshops were designed to advise students from public schools in Diamantina-MG about sexual health and changes in the body. An interactive approach was performed in order to present the correct use of contraceptive methods and main issues related to adolescent sexuality. The adolescents participated in workshops giving examples, discussing and asking questions. Five schools participated with a total of 720 students taking part in the activities. It was possible to notice a growing understanding about sexuality and risks that unprotected sexual intercourse may cause, thus favoring the means to use safe practices and greater understanding of sexual health for adolescents. We concluded that the activities carried out in this extension project can promote a positive impact on the sexual health of adolescents by allowing access to information and guidance of appropriate health, enabling them to adopt healthy behaviors.Se trata de un relato de experiencia de un proyecto de extensión abordando la salud sexual de los adolescentes. Los talleres fueron diseñados para guiar a los estudiantes de las escuelas públicas en Diamantina-MG sobre la salud sexual y los cambios en el cuerpo. Un enfoque interactivo se realizó utilizando dinámica sobre el uso correcto de los métodos anticonceptivos y los principales temas relacionados con la sexualidad de los adolescentes. Los adolescentes participaron en talleres trayendo ejemplos, discutiendo y haciendo preguntas. Cinco escuelas escogidas con un total de 720 estudiantes  que participaron en las actividades. Fue posible notar una mayor comprensión de los adolescentes acerca de la sexualidad y los riesgos que las relaciones sexuales sin protección, favoreciendo así los medios para adoptar prácticas de seguridad y una mayor comprensión de la salud sexual de los adolescentes. Se concluyó que las acciones de extensión desarrolladas pueden promover un impacto positivo en la salud sexual de los adolescentes, al permitir el acceso a la información y orientación de la salud adecuada, que les permita adoptar conductas saludables.Trata-se de um relato de experiência de um projeto de extensão realizado com adolescentes escolares, abordando a saúde sexual na adolescência. As oficinas tinham o objetivo de orientar os estudantes das escolas públicas de Diamantina-MG sobre saúde sexual e as mudanças ocorridas no corpo. Foi realizada uma abordagem interativa utilizando dinâmica referente ao uso correto de métodos contraceptivos e principais aspectos relacionados à sexualidade na adolescência. Os adolescentes participavam das oficinas trazendo exemplos, discutindo e perguntando suas dúvidas. Foram contempladas cinco escolas com um total de 720 alunos que participaram das atividades. Foi possível perceber um aumento da compreensão dos adolescentes participantes acerca da sexualidade e dos riscos de uma relação sexual desprotegida, favorecendo, assim, meios para a adoção de práticas seguras e maior entendimento da saúde sexual pelos adolescentes. Concluiu-se que as ações de extensão desenvolvidas podem promover um impacto positivo na saúde sexual de adolescentes, por permitir o acesso a informações e orientações de saúde adequadas, possibilitando-lhes a adoção de comportamentos saudáveis

Oficinas com adolescentes sobre saúde sexual no ambiente escolar

This is an experience report about an extension project addressed to adolescents whose main issue is sexual health during adolescence. The workshops were designed to advise students from public schools in Diamantina-MG about sexual health and changes in the body. An interactive approach was performed in order to present the correct use of contraceptive methods and main issues related to adolescent sexuality. The adolescents participated in workshops giving examples, discussing and asking questions. Five schools participated with a total of 720 students taking part in the activities. It was possible to notice a growing understanding about sexuality and risks that unprotected sexual intercourse may cause, thus favoring the means to use safe practices and greater understanding of sexual health for adolescents. We concluded that the activities carried out in this extension project can promote a positive impact on the sexual health of adolescents by allowing access to information and guidance of appropriate health, enabling them to adopt healthy behaviors.Se trata de un relato de experiencia de un proyecto de extensión abordando la salud sexual de los adolescentes. Los talleres fueron diseñados para guiar a los estudiantes de las escuelas públicas en Diamantina-MG sobre la salud sexual y los cambios en el cuerpo. Un enfoque interactivo se realizó utilizando dinámica sobre el uso correcto de los métodos anticonceptivos y los principales temas relacionados con la sexualidad de los adolescentes. Los adolescentes participaron en talleres trayendo ejemplos, discutiendo y haciendo preguntas. Cinco escuelas escogidas con un total de 720 estudiantes  que participaron en las actividades. Fue posible notar una mayor comprensión de los adolescentes acerca de la sexualidad y los riesgos que las relaciones sexuales sin protección, favoreciendo así los medios para adoptar prácticas de seguridad y una mayor comprensión de la salud sexual de los adolescentes. Se concluyó que las acciones de extensión desarrolladas pueden promover un impacto positivo en la salud sexual de los adolescentes, al permitir el acceso a la información y orientación de la salud adecuada, que les permita adoptar conductas saludables.Trata-se de um relato de experiência de um projeto de extensão realizado com adolescentes escolares, abordando a saúde sexual na adolescência. As oficinas tinham o objetivo de orientar os estudantes das escolas públicas de Diamantina-MG sobre saúde sexual e as mudanças ocorridas no corpo. Foi realizada uma abordagem interativa utilizando dinâmica referente ao uso correto de métodos contraceptivos e principais aspectos relacionados à sexualidade na adolescência. Os adolescentes participavam das oficinas trazendo exemplos, discutindo e perguntando suas dúvidas. Foram contempladas cinco escolas com um total de 720 alunos que participaram das atividades. Foi possível perceber um aumento da compreensão dos adolescentes participantes acerca da sexualidade e dos riscos de uma relação sexual desprotegida, favorecendo, assim, meios para a adoção de práticas seguras e maior entendimento da saúde sexual pelos adolescentes. Concluiu-se que as ações de extensão desenvolvidas podem promover um impacto positivo na saúde sexual de adolescentes, por permitir o acesso a informações e orientações de saúde adequadas, possibilitando-lhes a adoção de comportamentos saudáveis

Comportamento sexual de adolescentes escolares

OBJETIVO: descrever as situações relacionadas à saúde sexual dos adolescentes escolares. MÉTODO: trata-se de estudo transversal do tipo descritivo. O estudo envolveu 323 adolescentes de escolas públicas de Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasil. RESULTADOS: 48,9% dos adolescentes já tiveram alguma relação sexual na vida, sendo mais meninos (65,6%) do que meninas (38,4%). A média de idade do início da relação sexual foi de 14,1 ± 1,6 e a média de parceiros durante toda vida dos adolescentes foi de 3,6 ± 2,4. A frequência de uso de preservativo nas relações vaginais é baixo, apenas 28% sempre usam o método, outros 57% dos adolescentes declaram que fazem o uso deste somente às vezes. Para o sexo oral, 51,0% nunca usam o preservativo, já no sexo anal apenas 16,6% dos adolescentes disseram sempre usar a camisinha. CONCLUSÃO: torna-se necessário enfatizar ações de promoção à saúde sexual voltada para os adolescentes, visando minimizar os problemas que mais ocorrem nessa fase

The 13th Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the SDSS-IV Survey Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) began observations in July 2014. It pursues three core programs: APOGEE-2,MaNGA, and eBOSS. In addition, eBOSS contains two major subprograms: TDSS and SPIDERS. This paper describes the first data release from SDSS-IV, Data Release 13 (DR13), which contains new data, reanalysis of existing data sets and, like all SDSS data releases, is inclusive of previously released data. DR13 makes publicly available 1390 spatially resolved integral field unit observations of nearby galaxies from MaNGA,the first data released from this survey. It includes new observations from eBOSS, completing SEQUELS. In addition to targeting galaxies and quasars, SEQUELS also targeted variability-selected objects from TDSS and X-ray selected objects from SPIDERS. DR13 includes new reductions ofthe SDSS-III BOSS data, improving the spectrophotometric calibration and redshift classification. DR13 releases new reductions of the APOGEE-1data from SDSS-III, with abundances of elements not previously included and improved stellar parameters for dwarf stars and cooler stars. For the SDSS imaging data, DR13 provides new, more robust and precise photometric calibrations. Several value-added catalogs are being released in tandem with DR13, in particular target catalogs relevant for eBOSS, TDSS, and SPIDERS, and an updated red-clump catalog for APOGEE.This paper describes the location and format of the data now publicly available, as well as providing references to the important technical papers that describe the targeting, observing, and data reduction. The SDSS website, http://www.sdss.org, provides links to the data, tutorials and examples of data access, and extensive documentation of the reduction and analysis procedures. DR13 is the first of a scheduled set that will contain new data and analyses from the planned ~6-year operations of SDSS-IV.PostprintPeer reviewe

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Why Are Outcomes Different for Registry Patients Enrolled Prospectively and Retrospectively? Insights from the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF).

Background: Retrospective and prospective observational studies are designed to reflect real-world evidence on clinical practice, but can yield conflicting results. The GARFIELD-AF Registry includes both methods of enrolment and allows analysis of differences in patient characteristics and outcomes that may result. Methods and Results: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ≥1 risk factor for stroke at diagnosis of AF were recruited either retrospectively (n = 5069) or prospectively (n = 5501) from 19 countries and then followed prospectively. The retrospectively enrolled cohort comprised patients with established AF (for a least 6, and up to 24 months before enrolment), who were identified retrospectively (and baseline and partial follow-up data were collected from the emedical records) and then followed prospectively between 0-18 months (such that the total time of follow-up was 24 months; data collection Dec-2009 and Oct-2010). In the prospectively enrolled cohort, patients with newly diagnosed AF (≤6 weeks after diagnosis) were recruited between Mar-2010 and Oct-2011 and were followed for 24 months after enrolment. Differences between the cohorts were observed in clinical characteristics, including type of AF, stroke prevention strategies, and event rates. More patients in the retrospectively identified cohort received vitamin K antagonists (62.1% vs. 53.2%) and fewer received non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (1.8% vs . 4.2%). All-cause mortality rates per 100 person-years during the prospective follow-up (starting the first study visit up to 1 year) were significantly lower in the retrospective than prospectively identified cohort (3.04 [95% CI 2.51 to 3.67] vs . 4.05 [95% CI 3.53 to 4.63]; p = 0.016). Conclusions: Interpretations of data from registries that aim to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with AF must take account of differences in registry design and the impact of recall bias and survivorship bias that is incurred with retrospective enrolment. Clinical Trial Registration: - URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier for GARFIELD-AF (NCT01090362)

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Omecamtiv mecarbil in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, GALACTIC‐HF: baseline characteristics and comparison with contemporary clinical trials

Aims: The safety and efficacy of the novel selective cardiac myosin activator, omecamtiv mecarbil, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is tested in the Global Approach to Lowering Adverse Cardiac outcomes Through Improving Contractility in Heart Failure (GALACTIC‐HF) trial. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of participants in GALACTIC‐HF and how these compare with other contemporary trials. Methods and Results: Adults with established HFrEF, New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) ≥ II, EF ≤35%, elevated natriuretic peptides and either current hospitalization for HF or history of hospitalization/ emergency department visit for HF within a year were randomized to either placebo or omecamtiv mecarbil (pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing: 25, 37.5 or 50 mg bid). 8256 patients [male (79%), non‐white (22%), mean age 65 years] were enrolled with a mean EF 27%, ischemic etiology in 54%, NYHA II 53% and III/IV 47%, and median NT‐proBNP 1971 pg/mL. HF therapies at baseline were among the most effectively employed in contemporary HF trials. GALACTIC‐HF randomized patients representative of recent HF registries and trials with substantial numbers of patients also having characteristics understudied in previous trials including more from North America (n = 1386), enrolled as inpatients (n = 2084), systolic blood pressure &lt; 100 mmHg (n = 1127), estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt; 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 528), and treated with sacubitril‐valsartan at baseline (n = 1594). Conclusions: GALACTIC‐HF enrolled a well‐treated, high‐risk population from both inpatient and outpatient settings, which will provide a definitive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy, as well as informing its potential future implementation