ÉNFASIS EN LA ENTONACIÓN DEL ESPAÑOL DE CHILE EN HABLA ESPONTÁNEA

En aquest article es presenta un estudi de caràcter exploratori sobre les característiques entonatives de l’èmfasi que tenen lloc en el cos del contorn dels enunciats de l’espanyol xilè produïts en parla espontània. S’ha portat a terme seguint el mètode Anàlisi Melòdica de la Parla desenvolupat al Laboratori de Fonètica Aplicada de la Universitat de Barcelona.This paper presents an exploring study about characteristics of intonation emphasis that take place in utterance’s body of Chilean Spanish language produced in spontaneous speech. It has been carried out following the Melodic Analysis of Speech method developed in the Applied Phonetics Laboratory from Universidad de Barcelona.En este artículo se presenta un estudio de carácter exploratorio sobre las características entonativas del énfasis que tienen lugar en el cuerpo del contorno de los enunciados del español chileno emitidos en habla espontánea. Se ha realizado siguiendo el método Análisis Melódico del Habla desarrollado en el Laboratorio de Fonética Aplicada de la Universitat de Barcelona

Polyethylene Oxidation in Total Hip Arthroplasty: Evolution and New Advances

Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) remains the gold standard acetabular bearing material for hip arthroplasty. Its successful performance has shown consistent results and survivorship in total hip replacement (THR) above 85% after 15 years, with different patients, surgeons, or designs

Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene and its reinforcement with Carbon Nanotubes in Medical Devices

This chapter discusses the advantages and complexities of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) when used as a bearing material for total joint arthroplasty (TJA) and total knee arthroplasty(TKA). The UHMWPE internal structure and its mechanical response depend strongly on a diversity offactors that include radiation crosslinking, fiber reinforcement, and the addition of antioxidants such asVitamin E or Vitamin C. All these manufacturing procedures induce morphological changes andsimultaneously alter the mechanical properties of UHMWPE. The importance of UHMWPE on arthroplasty,including the advantages, the limitations and the strategies devised to overcome the knowndrawbacks are discussed in the first section. The following sections revise and discuss thebiocompatibility, the manufacturing processes, the tribological behaviour, the aging by oxidation andirradiation of UHMWPE and UHMWPE-CNT nanocomposites. The last section analyses the viscoelasticbehavior of UHMWPE and its implications on the long-term survival of total joint arthroplasty

El álbum como hipertexto textual: Análisis de facetas que intervienen en su recepción

Màster de Recerca en Didàctica de la Llengua i la Literatura. // Màster, Universitat de Barcelona. Facultat de Formació del Professorat, curs: 2009-2010, Director: Antonio Mendoza Fillola[cast] El análisis del álbum, en tanto primera experiencia lectora de muchos niños, aparece como uno de los pilares de la Didáctica de la Lengua y la Literatura. En este contexto, el concepto de intertextualidad es clave debido a que un buen número de publicaciones corresponde a modalidades de creación hipertextual. El estudio de esta literatura permite, en primer lugar,alcanzar un conocimiento profundo acerca de los mecanismos a través de los cuales ella opera y, subsecuentemente, el tipo de lector que ella demanda. Desde esta premisa, la presente investigación analiza una muestra de cuatro álbumes de carácter intertextual y, a partir de ello, prefigura las necesidades del lector infantil. Las conclusiones revelan que los álbumes de naturaleza intertextual requieren de lectores que detecten las conexiones presentes en la obra para su recepción significativa, asunto que deriva en la propuesta y valoración de un soporte didáctico como mediador para alcanzar dicho objetivo. [cat] L'anàlisi de l'àlbum, en tant primera experiència lectora de molts nens, apareix com un dels pilars de la Didàctica de la Llengua i la Literatura. En aquest context, el concepte d'intertextualitat és clau perquè un bon nombre de publicacions corresponen a modalitats de creació hipertextual. L'estudi d'aquesta literatura permet, en primer lloc, assolir un coneixement profund sobre els mecanismes a través dels quals ella opera i, subseqüentment,el tipus de lector que ella demanda. Des d'aquesta premissa, la present investigació analitza una mostra de quatre àlbums de caràcter intertextual i, a partir d'això, prefigura les necessitats del lector infantil. Les conclusions revelen que els àlbums de naturalesa intertextual requereixen de lectors que detectin les connexions presents en l'obra per a la seva recepció significativa, assumpte que deriva en la proposta i valoració d'un suport didàctic com a mediador per assolir aquest objectiu. [eng]The analysis of the picture book, as first reading experience of many children, appears as one of the cornerstone of Language and Literature Pedagogy. In this setting, the concept of intertextuality is key as several publications in this field employ this literary resource. The study of this literature allows first to reach a deep understanding of the mechanisms through which it operates and subsequently to determine the type of reader it demands. From this premise, the current research analyzes four intertextual-type picture books to identify basic requirements to be present in the child reader in order to achieve full comprehension of them. The findings reveal that intertextual picture books require readers who are able to detect the connections within the text, leading to the proposal of an educational support or ¿guidance¿ to further achieve this goal

Énfasis en la entonación del español de Chile en habla espontánea

En aquest article es presenta un estudi de caràcter exploratori sobre les característiques entonatives de l’èmfasi que tenen lloc en el cos del contorn dels enunciats de l’espanyol xilè produïts en parla espontània. S’ha portat a terme seguint el mètode Anàlisi Melòdica de la Parla desenvolupat al Laboratori de Fonètica Aplicada de la Universitat de Barcelona

Bacterial adherence to separated modular components in joint prosthesis: A clinical study

El pdf del artículo es la versión pre-print.-- et al.Bacterial adherence on total joint replacement implants may lead to biofilm formation and implant-related osteoarticular infection. It is unclear if different biomaterials in the prosthetic components are more prone to facilitate this bacterial adherence, although ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) component exchange in modular systems has been clinically utilized in the early management of these infections. To clarify if the amount of clinically adhered microorganisms was related to the material or the component, we investigated retrieved implants from infected joint replacements. Thirty-two patients were revised after confirmed implant-related infection through positive cultures. Eighty-seven total joint components (hip and knee) were obtained and separately sonicated following a previously published protocol. Cultures were quantified, and detected colony forming units (CFU) were adjusted according to the component surface and compared based on the component material and location. Variable adherence of bacteria to chrome cobalt alloys, UHMWPE, hydroxyapatite coated components, and titanium alloys. The commonest isolated organisms were Staphylococcus epidermidis (23 of 87 components) and Staphylococcus aureus (10 of 87). Twelve components did not show any microorganism adhered despite location in an infected joint, with positive cultures in other components. A mixed linear model adjusted for random effects (the random effect being the infected patient) obtained convergence for the CFU/mm 2 variable, but could not confirm a significantly higher adherence to a particular component or to a particular biomaterial. Therefore, the bacterial adherence primarily depends on the infective microorganism and the response of each individual patient, rather than materials or components. © Copyright © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society.This study was partly funded by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science (FUNCOAT-CSD2008-00023).Peer Reviewe

Influence of the remelting process on the fatigue behavior of electron beam irradiated UHMWPE.

8 pages, 5 tables, 5 figures.Electron beam irradiation at doses below 150 kGy is a widely used technique to obtain highly crosslinked ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). Its current use in total joint replacement components may improve wear resistance and decrease UHMWPE particle debris. However, currently used post-irradiation thermal treatments, which aim to decrease the free radicals within the material, introduce microstructural changes that affect UHMWPE mechanical properties, particularly the fatigue strength. This influence may be crucial in total knee replacements, where fatigue-related damage limits the lifespan of the prosthesis. Therefore, more studies are required to understand UHMWPE fatigue after current crosslinking protocols. This study was planned to evaluate the influence of UHMWPE remelting after irradiation on the material fatigue resistance. The remelting was achieved at 150°C for 2 h on UHMWPE previously irradiated at 50, 100, and 150 kGy. Fatigue evaluation included short-term tests under cyclic tensile stress with zero load ratio, R = 0, and 1 Hz. In addition, stress-life testing was performed using 12% yield as the criterion for failure. Near-threshold fatigue crack propagation experiments were also performed at a frequency of 5 Hz, and crack length was measured in nonthermally treated and remelted irradiated UHMWPE. Crystallinity percentage was calculated from DSC measurements. The results pointed out that irradiation positively contributed to total life analysis, but the further remelting process decreased the flaw initiation resistance. On the other hand, both processes negatively affected the fatigue resistance of notched components. From a clinical point of view, the results suggest that the material fatigue behavior should be carefully studied in new UHMWPE to avoid changes related to material processing. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006Peer reviewe