Kajian perancangan pondok polis di kawasan perumahan Bandar. Kajian kes : pondok polis Batu Tiga, Jalan Ipoh, Kuala Lumpur / Aziba Rashidi

Sistern Salleh adalah satu-satunya sistem pendekatan di antara Polls dengan masyarakat setempat, atau dengan lebih murni lagi bolehlah dikatakan "Jiran Sepintu" sama-sama berganding bahu menjaga keamanan dan ketenteraman awam, bak kata pepatah "Berat sama dipikul- dan ringan sama dl>inj ing" , itulah pokok yang membuahkan kesempurnaan kehidupan masyarakat setempat dari gejala-gejala buruk yang berlaku di kawasan mereka

Bacteriological Examination of Chronic Osteomyelitis cases in Ile-Ife, southwestern Nigeria.

The bacteriological examination of chronic osteomyelitis cases in lle-lfe, revealed Proteus mirabilisas the p'redominant isolate encountered (23.1 %). Staphylococci constituted 30.7% of the total bacterial isolates with Staphylococcus aureus accounting for only 1 0.2%. Other Gram-positive cocci cultured include, Staphylococcus spp (20.5%), coagulase negative staphylococci (CONS) (12.8%) and Streptococcus spp.{1.2%). Gram-negative rods constituted 55.1% of the total isolates with Pseudomonas aeruginosa being 8.5%, Eschericia coli 5.1% Citrobacter freundii, Salmonella spp 2.5% each. Antibiotic sensitivity test revealed all isolates to be multi-resistant to traditional antimicrobials, which is of epidemiologcal importance in treating cases of chronic osteomyelitis in this environment The studv suaaests institution of aoaressive theraoeutic interventions to avert oossible seaualae

Implementation Assessment of Electronic Records Management System in Bayelsa State, Nigeria

The quality of information available to medical practitioners when delivering treatment to patients influences the outcome of service delivery. In the healthcare industry, health information technology has been shown to improve patient safety and treatment quality. The purpose of this research is to identify the facilitators and hurdles to the deployment of an electronic records management system at NDUTH, Okolobiri. For this study, a descriptive cross-sectional research design was used. The stratified random sample was taken from the 204 staff members that participated in the survey at NDUTH Okolobiri. Telephone interviews were also conducted with a small number of hospital staff who had deployed the electronic records system. According to the findings, the majority of participants (51.0%) were female, with an average age of 37(SD+9.0) years. The respondents’ overall understanding of electronic records management systems was 45.9%. The overall implementation rate was 22.8%. The study’s facilitators were leadership support along with the availability of ICT equipment, whereas the barriers were funding, a lack of power, insufficient ICT infrastructures, administrative challenges, poor staff compliance, a lack of government support, and poor maintenance of software and ICT equipment. The findings indicate that government and private enterprises should invest more in healthcare delivery via electronic records management systems. This is critical because the quality of information that medical practitioners have access to when caring for patients influences the effectiveness of health service delivery. It has also been discovered to ensure the proper operation of health institutions

Development of HPLC method and quantification of amentoflavone from leaves extracts of three Calophyllum species

This study described the development and validation of a method that can quantify amentoflavone in the methanol extracts of leaves of three Malaysian Calophyllum species via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. Chromatographic analysis was conducted using a reverse phase C18 column with water and acetonitrile (55:45) as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and detection by ultraviolet-visible detector at 270 nm. The developed method was validated in terms of linearity, precision and accuracy in accordance to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The calibration curve showed good linearity (r2 > 0.9998) in a concentration range of 2.5 – 100 μg/mL with low limit of detection and limit of quantification at 1.33 and 4.02 μg/mL, respectively. The percentage of coefficient of variation for intra-day and inter-day precision was less than 2% while percentage of recovery was more than 90% indicating the precision and accuracy of the method. The developed HPLC method was proved as suitable and reliable for its intended application. The amount of amentoflavone quantified from C. incrassatum, C. canum and C. rubiginosum leaves extracts by using the developed method was 9.42, 30.39 and 24.23 μg/mL, respectivel

ETHNOBOTANICAL SURVEY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF MEDICINAL PLANTS USED IN SOUTHWESTERN PART OF NIGERIA AS ANALGESICS

The gradual threat to plants and the inevitable disappearance of the aged Traditional Medical Practitioner are posing an impending time limit for people to learn, acquire, and document the rich medical cultural endowment.  This cultural endowment is essential for the benefit of all Africans and indeed the entire mankind. Hence, the urgent need for continual ethno-botanical survey of medicinal plants in Nigeria. Ethnobotanical survey was carried out using structured questionnaire to obtain information from trado-medical practitioners from Ogun, Oyo, Ondo and Lagos States.  Samples of eleven commonly used plants were collected and authenticated at the Forest Herbarium Ibadan, where voucher specimens were deposited. Extracts of each plant (leaf, root or seeds) were obtained by soxhlet extraction using methanol, diethyl ether and water, concentrated and screened for phytochemical constituents using standard procedures. Thirty-one plant species belonging to 24 families are being used as analgesics, of which Macrosphyra longistyla, Strophanthus hispidus, Buchholzia coriacea, Calliandra portoricensis, Secamone afzeli, Chasmanthera dependens, Spilanthes filicaulis, Moringa oleifera, Clerodendrum volubile, Petiveria alliacea, Carpolobia lutea were prevalent. Methanol and diethyl ether extracts of the plants contained alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenols, anthraquinones and glycosides while, aqueous extracts contained alkaloids, saponins and glycosides. &nbsp

‘Silent Pandemic’: Evidence-Based Environmental and Public Health Practices to Respond to the COVID-19 Crisis

Given the unprecedented novel nature and scale of coronavirus and the global nature of this public health crisis, which upended many public/environmental research norms almost overnight. However, with further waves of the virus expected and more pandemics anticipated. The COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 opened our eyes to the ever-changing conditions and uncertainty that exists in our world today, particularly with regards to environmental and public health practices disruption. This paper explores environmental and public health evidence-based practices toward responding to Covid-19. A literature review tried to do a deep dive through the use of various search engines such as Mendeley, Research Gate, CAB Abstract, Google Scholar, Summon, PubMed, Scopus, Hinari, Dimension, OARE Abstract, SSRN, Academia search strategy toward retrieving research publications, “gray literature” as well as reports from expert working groups. To achieve enhanced population health, it is recommended to adopt widespread evidence-based strategies, particularly in this uncertain time. As only together can evidence-informed decision-making (EIDM) can become a reality which include effective policies and practices, transparency and accountability of decisions, and equity outcomes; these are all more relevant in resource-constrained contexts, such as Nigeria. Effective and ethical EIDM though requires the production as well as use of high-quality evidence that are timely, appropriate and structured. One way to do so is through co-production. Co-production (or co-creation or co-design) of environmental/public health evidence considered as a key tool for addressing complex global crises such as the high risk of severe COVID-19 in different nations. A significant evidence-based component of environmental/public health (EBEPH) consist of decisions making based on best accessible, evidence that is peer-reviewed; using data as well as systematic information systems; community engagement in policy making; conducting sound evaluation; do a thorough program-planning frameworks; as well as disseminating what is being learned. As researchers, scientists, statisticians, journal editors, practitioners, as well as decision makers strive to improve population health, having a natural tendency toward scrutinizing the scientific literature aimed at novel research findings serving as the foundation for intervention as well as prevention programs. The main inspiration behind conducting research ought to be toward stimulating and collaborating appropriately on public/environmental health action. Hence, there is need for a “Plan B” of effective behavioral, environmental, social as well as systems interventions (BESSI) toward reducing transmission

An overview of anti-diabetic plants used in Gabon: Pharmacology and Toxicology

© 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Ethnopharmacological relevance: The management of diabetes mellitus management in African communities, especially in Gabon, is not well established as more than 60% of population rely on traditional treatments as primary healthcare. The aim of this review was to collect and present the scientific evidence for the use of medicinal plants that are in currect by Gabonese traditional healers to manage diabetes or hyperglycaemia based here on the pharmacological and toxicological profiles of plants with anti-diabetic activity. There are presented in order to promote their therapeutic value, ensure a safer use by population and provide some bases for further study on high potential plants reviewed. Materials and methods: Ethnobotanical studies were sourced using databases such as Online Wiley library, Pubmed, Google Scholar, PROTA, books and unpublished data including Ph.D. and Master thesis, African and Asian journals. Keywords including ‘Diabetes’ ‘Gabon’ ‘Toxicity’ ‘Constituents’ ‘hyperglycaemia’ were used. Results: A total of 69 plants currently used in Gabon with potential anti-diabetic activity have been identified in the literature, all of which have been used in in vivo or in vitro studies. Most of the plants have been studied in human or animal models for their ability to reduce blood glucose, stimulate insulin secretion or inhibit carbohydrates enzymes. Active substances have been identified in 12 out of 69 plants outlined in this review, these include Allium cepa and Tabernanthe iboga. Only eight plants have their active substances tested for anti-diabetic activity and are suitables for further investigation. Toxicological data is scarce and is dose-related to the functional parameters of major organs such as kidney and liver. Conclusion: An in-depth understanding on the pharmacology and toxicology of Gabonese anti-diabetic plants is lacking yet there is a great scope for new treatments. With further research, the use of Gabonese anti-diabetic plants is important to ensure the safety of the diabetic patients in Gabon.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Short report - Inhibitory Effects of Musanga cecropioides on Noradrenaline and Potassium-Induced Contractions in Rat Thoracic Aorta

The pharmacological effects of Musanga cecropioides   on rat thoracic aorta were examined in high K+ medium (55mM), Ca2+ 3mM) induced vasoconstriction was inhibited by Musanga cecropioides in a concentration-dependent manner. The tonic contractions elicited by KCI 55mM were relaxed by Musanga and were more marked in 0.45mM Ca2+ than 1.8mM Ca2+ medium. NA -induced responses were antagonized non competitively by Musanga. NA- sustained contraction was relaxed, the relaxing effect of Musanga was not antagonized by indomethacin or methylene blue. It is concluded that Musanga relaxation of the rat aorta does not involve cyclo-oxygenase, nor cAMP pathway, but unique, unlike those of known classical vasodilators