Short-term performance variations of different photovoltaic system technologies under the humid subtropical climate of Kanpur in India

The study discusses the short-term performance variations of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems installed in Kanpur, India. The analysis presents a holistic view of the performance variations of three PV array technologies [multi-crystalline (multi-Si), copper indium gallium diselenide and amorphous silicon] and two inverter types (high-frequency transformer and low-frequency transformer). The analysis considers the DC–AC conversion efficiency of the inverter, system performance through performance ratio (PR) calculations, energy variations between fixed and tracking systems and the comparison between calculated and simulated data for the examined period. The energy output difference between the tracking and fixed systems of the same PV technology show that these are dependent on differences in temperature coefficient, shading and other system related issues. The PR analysis shows the effect of temperature on the multi-Si system. The difference between the simulated and measured values of the systems was mostly attributed to the irradiance differences. Regarding the inverter evaluation, the results showed that both inverter types underperformed in terms of the conversion efficiency compared with nameplate values

Short-term performance variations of different photovoltaic system technologies under the humid subtropical climate of Kanpur in India

The study discusses the short-term performance variations of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems installed in Kanpur, India. The analysis presents a holistic view of the performance variations of three PV array technologies [multi-crystalline (multi-Si), copper indium gallium diselenide and amorphous silicon] and two inverter types (high-frequency transformer and low-frequency transformer). The analysis considers the DC–AC conversion efficiency of the inverter, system performance through performance ratio (PR) calculations, energy variations between fixed and tracking systems and the comparison between calculated and simulated data for the examined period. The energy output difference between the tracking and fixed systems of the same PV technology show that these are dependent on differences in temperature coefficient, shading and other system related issues. The PR analysis shows the effect of temperature on the multi-Si system. The difference between the simulated and measured values of the systems was mostly attributed to the irradiance differences. Regarding the inverter evaluation, the results showed that both inverter types underperformed in terms of the conversion efficiency compared with nameplate values

Development of Solar Electricity Supply System in India: An Overview

Solar electricity supply system has grown at very rapid pace in India during the last few years. A total of 1047.84 MW of grid connected photovoltaic projects and 160.8 MW of off-grid systems have been commissioned under different policy mechanisms between January 2010 and November 2012. It is observed that solar capacity development has achieved a greater height under state policies (689.81 MW) than others. A study is made in this paper of various national and state level schemes, incentives, packages, instruments, and different mechanisms to promote solar photovoltaics and its effectiveness

Performance assessment of grid-connected photovoltaic inverters based on field monitoring in India

Most grid-connected photovoltaic inverters in the Indian market are designed based on European standards and have not been tested in the Indian climate. In this paper, the performances of eight photovoltaic inverters from three different manufacturers connected to a 40 kW grid-connected solar plant are assessed. Four photovoltaic topologies namely mono-crystalline, poly-crystalline, copper indium gallium diselenide and amorphous silicon, each installed on both fixed and tracking structures, were considered. DC to AC conversion efficiency, Maximum Power Point Tracking efficiency and harmonic emission were chosen as the criteria for performance evaluation. Results showed that although the inverters analysed met the Indian standards in terms of harmonic emission, they underperformed in comparison to the rated efficiency at the experimental location indicating the impact of the Indian climatic conditions

An integrative review of sensory marketing: Engaging the senses to affect perception, judgment and behavior

I define “sensory marketing” as “marketing that engages the consumers’ senses and affects their perception, judgment and behavior.” From a managerial perspective, sensory marketing can be used to create subconscious triggers that characterize consumer perceptions of abstract notions of the product (e.g., its sophistication or quality). Given the gamut of explicit marketing appeals made to consumers every day, subconscious triggers which appeal to the basic senses may be a more efficient way to engage consumers. Also, these sensory triggers may result in consumers’ self‐generation of (desirable) brand attributes, rather than those verbally provided by the advertiser. The understanding of these sensory triggers implies an understanding of sensation and perception as it applies to consumer behavior—this is the research perspective of sensory marketing. This review article presents an overview of research on sensory perception. The review also points out areas where little research has been done, so that each additional paper has a greater chance of making a bigger difference and sparking further research. It is quite apparent from the review that there still remains tremendous need for research within the domain of sensory marketing—research that can be very impactful.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142108/1/jcpy332.pd