La premsa i les caricatures del 1714

Si bé al 1714 no existia premsa aCatalunya que pogués il·lustrar l’episodibèl·lic que tingué lloc des d’inicisdel segle XVIII fins a la caiguda de Barcelonael mateix 1714, sí que disposemde premsa en èpoques posteriors quepogué mostrar el record i la commemoracióque es féu d’aquella etapa. Ésd’aquesta manera que podem observarcom una cultura política, com fou larepublicana del darrer terç del segleXIX, valorà aquests fets i, si n’era el cas,commemorà. Això quedà plasmat dediverses maneres, però em centraré enles il·lustracions humorístiques i satíriquesque podem trobar a les publicacionsperiòdiques posteriors al SexenniDemocràtic i fins als anys finiseculars,com per exemple La Campana de Gràcia, L’Esquella de la Torratxa, La Flacao La Mosca, entre d’altres

Modelling the performance of port terminals using microsimulation

[EN] Globalization has caused an increase in cargo volumes in ports, which is starting to produce congestion in some of the main ports, delays in the whole supply chain, higher costs, retention in the vicinity of ports, and more pollution. All of these issues highlight the need to improve current container terminals by searching for enhanced management models. The terminal operating system (TOS) is the operational control system used in container terminals. An improvement of TOS with better functionalities, and their optimization, would increase the efficiency of the terminal. In a previous study, the authors identified and weighted TOS functionalities using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. The aim of this paper is to analyse by simulation how the improvement of the most influential TOS functionalities affects the operational and the environmental performance of a container terminal. Two new TOSs (TOS 2 and TOS 3) were compared with the TOS (TOS 1) currently used at Intersagunto terminal (Spain) by microsimulation using FlexTerm. Results show that modifications to the TOS can improve certain operational aspects, such as the number of containers handled, the occupation of the storage yard, and the dwell times; however, there were not significant improvements in energy consumption and carbon footprint. Further developments should address this issue by modifying other TOS functionalities in order to obtain both operational and environmental improvements at the terminal. This paper is addressed to managers of container terminals, TOS designers, researchers in the field of ports and terminals, and port authorities.This study was co-funded by Instituto Valenciano de Competitividad (IVACE) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) under project reference IMIDCA/2017/32.Hervás-Peralta, M.; Rozic, T.; Poveda-Reyes, S.; Santarremigia, FE.; Pastor-Ferrando, J.; Molero, GD. (2020). Modelling the performance of port terminals using microsimulation. European Transport / Trasporti Europei. (76):1-11. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/165840S1117

A Multiple Stakeholder Multicriteria Decision Analysis in Diabetic Macular Edema Management: The MULTIDEX‑EMD Study

Background The clinical and economic management of retinal diseases has become more complex following the introduction of new intravitreal treatments. Multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) offers the potential to overcome the challenges associated with traditional decision-making tools. Objectives A MCDA to determine the most relevant criteria to decision-making in the management of diabetic macular edema (DME) based on the perspectives of multiple stakeholders in Spain was developed. This MCDA was termed the MULTIDEX-EMD study. Methods Nineteen stakeholders (7 physicians, 4 pharmacists, 5 health authorities and health management experts, 1 psychologist, and 2 patient representatives) participated in this three-phase project. In phase A, an advisory board defined all of the criteria that could influence DME treatment decision-making. These criteria were then screened using a discrete choice experiment (DCE) (phase B). Next, a multinomial logit model was fitted by applying the backward elimination algorithm (relevant criteria: p value = 15 letters (p value < 0.001), effect duration per administration (p value = 0.008), retinal detachment (p value < 0.001), endophthalmitis (p value = 0.012), myocardial infarction (p value < 0.001), intravitreal hemorrhage (p value = 0.021), annual treatment cost per patient (p value = 0.001), health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (p value = 0.004), and disability level (p value = 0.021). Conclusions From a multi-stakeholder perspective, the selection of an appropriate treatment for DME patients should guarantee patient safety and maximize the visual acuity improvement and treatment effect duration. It should also contribute to system sustainability by being affordable, it should have a positive impact on HRQoL, and it should prevent disability

Cellular and humoral immunogenicity of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in patients with hematologic malignancies

Recent studies have shown a suboptimal humoral response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines in patients diagnosed with hematologic malignancies; however, data about cellular immunogenicity are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate both the humoral and cellular immunogenicity 1 month after the second dose of the mRNA-1273 vaccine. Antibody titers were measured by using the Elecsys and LIAISON anti–SARS-CoV-2 S assays, and T-cell response was assessed by using interferon-γ release immunoassay technology. Overall, 76.3% (184 of 241) of patients developed humoral immunity, and the cellular response rate was 79% (184 of 233). Hypogammaglobulinemia, lymphopenia, active hematologic treatment, and anti-CD20 therapy during the previous 6 months were associated with an inferior humoral response. Conversely, age >65 years, active disease, lymphopenia, and immunosuppressive treatment of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) were associated with an impaired cellular response. A significant dissociation between the humoral and cellular responses was observed in patients treated with anti-CD20 therapy (the humoral response was 17.5%, whereas the cellular response was 71.1%). In these patients, B-cell aplasia was confirmed while T-cell counts were preserved. In contrast, humoral response was observed in 77.3% of patients undergoing immunosuppressive treatment of GVHD, whereas only 52.4% had a cellular response. The cellular and humoral responses to the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 vaccine in patients with hematologic malignancies are highly influenced by the presence of treatments such as anti-CD20 therapy and immunosuppressive agents. This observation has implications for the further management of these patients.The authors also thank the Cellex Foundation for providing research facilities and equipment and the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya for institutional support

A multiple stakeholder multicriteria decision analysis in diabetic macular edema management: the MULTIDEX‑EMD study

Background The clinical and economic management of retinal diseases has become more complex following the introduction of new intravitreal treatments. Multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) ofers the potential to overcome the challenges associated with traditional decision-making tools. Objectives A MCDA to determine the most relevant criteria to decision-making in the management of diabetic macular edema (DME) based on the perspectives of multiple stakeholders in Spain was developed. This MCDA was termed the MULTIDEX-EMD study. Methods Nineteen stakeholders (7 physicians, 4 pharmacists, 5 health authorities and health management experts, 1 psychologist, and 2 patient representatives) participated in this three-phase project. In phase A, an advisory board defned all of the criteria that could infuence DME treatment decision-making. These criteria were then screened using a discrete choice experiment (DCE) (phase B). Next, a multinomial logit model was ftted by applying the backward elimination algorithm (relevant criteria: p value<0.05). Finally, the results were discussed in a deliberative process (phase C). Results Thirty-one criteria were initially defned (phase A) and grouped into 5 categories: efcacy/efectiveness, safety, organizational and economic impact, patient-reported outcomes, and other therapeutic features. The DCE results (phase B) showed that 10 criteria were relevant to the decision-making process for a 50- to 65-year-old DME patient: mean change in best corrected visual acuity (p value<0.001), percentage of patients with an improvement of ≥15 letters (p value<0.001), efect duration per administration (p value=0.008), retinal detachment (p value<0.001), endophthalmitis (p value=0.012), myocardial infarction (p value<0.001), intravitreal hemorrhage (p value=0.021), annual treatment cost per patient (p value=0.001), health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (p value=0.004), and disability level (p value=0.021). Conclusions From a multi-stakeholder perspective, the selection of an appropriate treatment for DME patients should guarantee patient safety and maximize the visual acuity improvement and treatment efect duration. It should also contribute to system sustainability by being afordable, it should have a positive impact on HRQoL, and it should prevent disability

Food for thought:Leptin regulation of hippocampal function and its role in Alzheimer's disease

Expression of TP63 in breast cancer cell lines. (PDF 407 kb

Multiorgan MRI findings after hospitalisation with COVID-19 in the UK (C-MORE): a prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study

Introduction: The multiorgan impact of moderate to severe coronavirus infections in the post-acute phase is still poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the excess burden of multiorgan abnormalities after hospitalisation with COVID-19, evaluate their determinants, and explore associations with patient-related outcome measures. Methods: In a prospective, UK-wide, multicentre MRI follow-up study (C-MORE), adults (aged ≥18 years) discharged from hospital following COVID-19 who were included in Tier 2 of the Post-hospitalisation COVID-19 study (PHOSP-COVID) and contemporary controls with no evidence of previous COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibody negative) underwent multiorgan MRI (lungs, heart, brain, liver, and kidneys) with quantitative and qualitative assessment of images and clinical adjudication when relevant. Individuals with end-stage renal failure or contraindications to MRI were excluded. Participants also underwent detailed recording of symptoms, and physiological and biochemical tests. The primary outcome was the excess burden of multiorgan abnormalities (two or more organs) relative to controls, with further adjustments for potential confounders. The C-MORE study is ongoing and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04510025. Findings: Of 2710 participants in Tier 2 of PHOSP-COVID, 531 were recruited across 13 UK-wide C-MORE sites. After exclusions, 259 C-MORE patients (mean age 57 years [SD 12]; 158 [61%] male and 101 [39%] female) who were discharged from hospital with PCR-confirmed or clinically diagnosed COVID-19 between March 1, 2020, and Nov 1, 2021, and 52 non-COVID-19 controls from the community (mean age 49 years [SD 14]; 30 [58%] male and 22 [42%] female) were included in the analysis. Patients were assessed at a median of 5·0 months (IQR 4·2–6·3) after hospital discharge. Compared with non-COVID-19 controls, patients were older, living with more obesity, and had more comorbidities. Multiorgan abnormalities on MRI were more frequent in patients than in controls (157 [61%] of 259 vs 14 [27%] of 52; p&lt;0·0001) and independently associated with COVID-19 status (odds ratio [OR] 2·9 [95% CI 1·5–5·8]; padjusted=0·0023) after adjusting for relevant confounders. Compared with controls, patients were more likely to have MRI evidence of lung abnormalities (p=0·0001; parenchymal abnormalities), brain abnormalities (p&lt;0·0001; more white matter hyperintensities and regional brain volume reduction), and kidney abnormalities (p=0·014; lower medullary T1 and loss of corticomedullary differentiation), whereas cardiac and liver MRI abnormalities were similar between patients and controls. Patients with multiorgan abnormalities were older (difference in mean age 7 years [95% CI 4–10]; mean age of 59·8 years [SD 11·7] with multiorgan abnormalities vs mean age of 52·8 years [11·9] without multiorgan abnormalities; p&lt;0·0001), more likely to have three or more comorbidities (OR 2·47 [1·32–4·82]; padjusted=0·0059), and more likely to have a more severe acute infection (acute CRP &gt;5mg/L, OR 3·55 [1·23–11·88]; padjusted=0·025) than those without multiorgan abnormalities. Presence of lung MRI abnormalities was associated with a two-fold higher risk of chest tightness, and multiorgan MRI abnormalities were associated with severe and very severe persistent physical and mental health impairment (PHOSP-COVID symptom clusters) after hospitalisation. Interpretation: After hospitalisation for COVID-19, people are at risk of multiorgan abnormalities in the medium term. Our findings emphasise the need for proactive multidisciplinary care pathways, with the potential for imaging to guide surveillance frequency and therapeutic stratification

La Campana de Gràcia’s masthead: symbols and iconography

A trav&eacute;s del llenguatge i l&rsquo;an&agrave;lisi del discurs de la premsa podem endinsar-nos en les representacions del republicanisme i l&rsquo;obrerisme de finals del segle xix a Catalunya. Es tracta de considerar la iconografia i la simbologia com una forma m&eacute;s d&rsquo;apropar-nos als significats pol&iacute;tics i culturals dels discursos. Un dels objectius &eacute;s aportar una visi&oacute; des del punt de vista de les representacions de la complexitat de l&rsquo;articulaci&oacute; social del m&oacute;n popular i republic&agrave;. Per tant, es tracta de la representaci&oacute; pol&iacute;tica a trav&eacute;s de la premsa. Per fer-ho, en aquest cas La Campana de Gr&agrave;cia n&rsquo;&eacute;s un bon exemple, ja que &eacute;s d&rsquo;una gran complexitat ideol&ograve;gica i tamb&eacute; cal tenir en compte el pes pol&iacute;tic i social del seu director, Josep Roca i Roca, i la seva &agrave;mplia implantaci&oacute; social.Paraules Clau : La Campana de Gr&agrave;cia, premsa catalana, republicanisme, anticlericalisme, Josep Roca i Roca, iconografia.By analysing language used in the press we can reveal details of republicanism and the working-class movement in Catalonia at the end of the 19th century. To do so, we can use iconography and symbolism as another means of approaching the political and cultural meaning of this language. Thus, one of the objectives is to provide an outlook using the symbols that represent the complexity of social structures in the workingclass and republican sphere. The result is a description of the political situation through the press. In this instance, we use the magazine La Campana de Gr&agrave;cia, a good example of the press of the times as it is of significant ideological complexity. We must take into account the political weight of its director, Josep Roca i Roca, and his broad social influence.keywords: La Campana de Gr&agrave;cia, Catalan press, republicanism, anticlericalism, Josep Roca i Roca, iconography

La representació iconogràfica dels imaginaris simbòlics: nacionalismes i republicanismes al segle XIX

En aquesta tesi s’analitzen els imaginaris simbòlics a través de la iconografia de premsa durant el darrer terç del segle XIX a Catalunya a través d’una triple vessant: la història política i social, la història de la premsa i la història de l’art. Els imaginaris dels republicanismes i de les relacions entre Catalunya i Espanya són els que aquesta tesi intenta desvetllar. Les cultures polítiques configuren corpus simbòlics formats per banderes, himnes, monuments i símbols, entre tants d’altres. La codificació d’un imaginari simbòlic compartit és necessària i evident en qualsevol cultura política, i en aquest cas es tracta en els republicanismes i els nacionalismes, posant atenció en la premsa republicana, progressista i popular del segle XIX. La premsa satírica il·lustrada és el mitjà pel qual veiem quina simbologia s’usava i quin tractament es feia d’elements clau per determinar l’imaginari de cada cultura política: la major o menor presència de l’anticlericalisme, quines commemoracions celebraven, com representaven i jutjaven el moviment obrer i els drets dels treballadors, quins referents ideològics i polítics tenien i reivindicaven o com creien que havien de ser les relacions entre Catalunya i Espanya. El catalanisme és també un element fonamental, treballat amb anterioritat a l’hegemonia d’un catalanisme conservador, en el qual el catalanisme d’esquerres defensà la seva singularitat, els seus referents i mites històrics diferenciats i la llengua. Periodistes i directors de les publicacions emprades, com Josep Roca i Roca, director de La Campana de Gràcia i de L’Esquella de la Torratxa, i Josep Llunas i Pujals, director de La Tramontana, van esdevenir figures de gran influència política, i són exemples de compromís amb el republicanisme, el moviment obrer, el catalanisme o la llibertat de premsa. També la presència i treball de grans il·lustradors com Josep Lluís Pellicer o Tomàs Padró van fer possible que la premsa satírica il·lustrada barcelonina aconseguís un gran nombre de lectors, influís en les seves opinions, i mantingués la línia de les seves referents europees, sobretot les franceses.The symbolic imageries are analysed in this doctoral thesis through the press iconography from the last third of the 19th century in Catalonia. The analysis considered three different aspects: political and social history, press history and art history. This doctoral thesis aims to reveal the imageries from republicanisms and those reflecting the relationship between Catalonia and Spain. Political cultures form symbolic corpus composed by flags, anthems, monuments and symbols, among others. The coding from a shared symbolic imagery is necessary and obvious in every political culture, such as republicanism and nationalism. This research is particularly focused on the republican, progressive and popular press from the 19th century. The illustrated satirical press is the channel that shows both the symbolism used and the treatment given to key elements in order to determine the imaginary of each political culture: the major or minor presence of anticlericalism, the events celebrated, how the workers movement and rights were represented and judged, what ideological and political models they had and reclaimed or how they expected the relation between Catalonia and Spain should be. The catalanism is also a key factor, developed prior to a conservative catalanism hegemony, in which the left-wing catalanism defended its singularity, singular historical models and myths and language. Journalists and directors of the publications used, such as Josep Roca i Roca, director of La Campana de Gràcia and L’Esquella de la Torratxa, and Josep Llunas i Pujals, director of La Tramontana, became highly influential figures in politics, and are role models of commitment with republicanism, workers movements, catalanism and freedom of the press. The presence and work of great illustrators, such as Josep Lluís Pellicer or Tomàs Padró, made also possible the illustrated satiric press in Barcelona to achieve a great number of readers, influence their opinions and keep the same path as other European models, specially the French ones