Entwicklung von Gallengangskarzinomen nach operativer Versorgung von Choledochuszysten:Fallbericht mit Literaturstudium

Choledochuszysten sind eine seltene Erkrankung, die u.a. die Bildung von Gallenwegskarzinomen begünstigen. Aus diesem Grund bedürfen sie rechtzeitig einer chirurgischen Versorgung. In den jüngsten Jahren mehrten sich allerdings Berichte von Gallenwegskarzinomen, die sich nach operativer Versorgung von Choledochuszysten entwickelt haben. Ausgehend von einem eigenen Fallbericht wurden die in der Literatur publizierten Fälle hinsichtlich Klinik, Epidemiologie, Ätiologie und Therapie analysiert und Empfehlungen für die Praxis zusammengefasst

Understanding the fate of nitrogen during catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction of sewage sludge

In this study, the fate of nitrogen during catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of sewage sludge (SS) is investigated using three different catalysts (CuNi/SiO$_2$, HCOOH, CuSO$_4$) with 5 wt% loading. The bio-crude yields obtained from HTL experiments catalyzed with CuNi/SiO$_2$ are similar to those obtained through non-catalyzed experiments. HCOOH slightly increases the bio-crude yields, while maximum yields of 24.5 wt% is obtained in the presence of CuSO$_4$, which also reduces the nitrogen content by 15 % and enhances the hydrocarbons compared to the non-catalyzed HTL. Mechanistic investigations regarding the interaction of amino acids and carbohydrates by Maillard reactions are carried out using model compounds, namely lysine and lactose. CuSO$_4$ effectively increases the yield with 50 % and reduces the nitrogen content by 24 % in the bio-crude during HTL of lysine alone. In the case of the model mixtures, bio-crude yields, nitrogen content, and Maillard reactions products behaved similarly both for catalytic and non-catalytic HTL, a slight reduction of amines was found in the presence of CuSO$_4$. Hydro-char and some organic compounds are assumed to act highly reductant during catalytic HTL. Coke deposition and adsorbed poisoning by Maillard reaction products are proposed as the main reasons for the deactivation of catalysts

2010 – Innenansichten der SLUB: Ein Kalenderprojekt

Auf der Suche nach kreativen Ideen für ein Kalenderlayout, mit dem unverkennbar die SLUB assoziiert wird, hat die SLUB im September 2008 eine Kooperation mit der Akademie für Informations- und Kommunikations-Design (AIK) vereinbart. Im Rahmen eines an der AIK als Abschlussarbeit im Schuljahr 2008/2009 durchgeführten Kompetenzprojektes, dem „Gesellenstück“ zum Nachweis der beruflichen Kompetenz, setzten sich drei angehende gestaltungstechnische Assistentinnen der Fachrichtung Grafik mit der Thematik auseinander und legten abschließend drei von der Herangehensweise sehr differenzierte Kalenderlayouts vor

SoFiA: a flexible source finder for 3D spectral line data

We introduce SoFiA, a flexible software application for the detection and parameterization of sources in 3D spectral-line datasets. SoFiA combines for the first time in a single piece of software a set of new source-finding and parameterization algorithms developed on the way to future HI surveys with ASKAP (WALLABY, DINGO) and APERTIF. It is designed to enable the general use of these new algorithms by the community on a broad range of datasets. The key advantages of SoFiA are the ability to: search for line emission on multiple scales to detect 3D sources in a complete and reliable way, taking into account noise level variations and the presence of artefacts in a data cube; estimate the reliability of individual detections; look for signal in arbitrarily large data cubes using a catalogue of 3D coordinates as a prior; provide a wide range of source parameters and output products which facilitate further analysis by the user. We highlight the modularity of SoFiA, which makes it a flexible package allowing users to select and apply only the algorithms useful for their data and science questions. This modularity makes it also possible to easily expand SoFiA in order to include additional methods as they become available. The full SoFiA distribution, including a dedicated graphical user interface, is publicly available for download.Comment: MNRAS, accepted. SoFiA is registered at the Astrophysics Source Code Library with ID ascl:1412.001. Download SoFiA at https://github.com/SoFiA-Admin/SoFi

Predictions for ASKAP Neutral Hydrogen Surveys

The Australian Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) will revolutionise our knowledge of gas-rich galaxies in the Universe. Here we present predictions for two proposed extragalactic ASKAP neutral hydrogen (HI) emission-line surveys, based on semi-analytic models applied to cosmological N-body simulations. The ASKAP HI All-Sky Survey, known as WALLABY, is a shallow 3 Pi survey (z = 0 - 0.26) which will probe the mass and dynamics of over 600,000 galaxies. A much deeper small-area HI survey, called DINGO, aims to trace the evolution of HI from z = 0 - 0.43, a cosmological volume of 40 million Mpc^3, detecting potentially 100,000 galaxies. The high-sensitivity 30 antenna ASKAP core (diameter ~2 km) will provide an angular resolution of 30 arcsec (at z=0). Our simulations show that the majority of galaxies detected in WALLABY (87.5%) will be resolved. About 5000 galaxies will be well resolved, i.e. more than five beams (2.5 arcmin) across the major axis, enabling kinematic studies of their gaseous disks. This number would rise to 160,000 galaxies if all 36 ASKAP antennas could be used; the additional six antennas provide baselines up to 6 km, resulting in an angular resolution of 10 arcsec. For DINGO this increased resolution is highly desirable to minimise source confusion; reducing confusion rates from a maximum of 10% of sources at the survey edge to 3%. We estimate that the sources detected by WALLABY and DINGO will span four orders of magnitude in total halo mass (from 10^{11} to 10^{15} Msol) and nearly seven orders of magnitude in stellar mass (from 10^{5} to 10^{12} Msol), allowing us to investigate the process of galaxy formation across the last four billion years.Comment: 21 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS, minor updates to published version and fixed links. Movies and images available at http://ict.icrar.org/store/Movies/Duffy12c

The genome of the protozoan parasite Cystoisospora suis and a reverse vaccinology approach to identify vaccine candidates

Vaccine development targeting protozoan parasites remains challenging, partly due to the complex interactions between these eukaryotes and the host immune system. Reverse vaccinology is a promising approach for direct screening of genome sequence assemblies for new vaccine candidate proteins. Here, we applied this paradigm to Cystoisospora suis, an apicomplexan parasite that causes enteritis and diarrhea in suckling piglets and economic losses in pig production worldwide. Using Next Generation Sequencing we produced an ∼84 Mb sequence assembly for the C. suis genome, making it the first available reference for the genus Cystoisospora. Then, we derived a manually curated annotation of more than 11,000 protein-coding genes and applied the tool Vacceed to identify 1,168 vaccine candidates by screening the predicted C. suis proteome. To refine the set of candidates, we looked at proteins that are highly expressed in merozoites and specific to apicomplexans. The stringent set of candidates included 220 proteins, among which were 152 proteins with unknown function, 17 surface antigens of the SAG and SRS gene families, 12 proteins of the apicomplexan-specific secretory organelles including AMA1, MIC6, MIC13, ROP6, ROP12, ROP27, ROP32 and three proteins related to cell adhesion. Finally, we demonstrated in vitro the immunogenic potential of a C. suis-specific 42 kDa transmembrane protein, which might constitute an attractive candidate for further testing

Neutral Hydrogen Gas in Interacting Galaxies: The NGC 1511 galaxy group

We present HI line and 20-cm radio continuum observations of the NGC 1511 galaxy group obtained with the Australia Telescope Compact Array. The data reveal an extended, rather disturbed HI distribution for the peculiar starburst galaxy NGC 1511 and a narrow bridge to its small companion galaxy, NGC 1511B, which has been severely distorted by the interaction/collision between the two galaxies. No stellar counterpart to the gaseous bridge has been detected. In addition, we find that the peculiar optical ridge to the east of NGC 1511 is probably the stellar remnant of a galaxy completed disrupted by interactions with NGC 1511. The slightly more distant neighbour, NGC 1511A, shows a regular HI velocity field and no obvious signs of interactions. Radio continuum emission from NGC 1511 reveals three prominent sources on top of a more diffuse, extended distribution. We derive an overall star formation rate of 7 Msun/yr. The most enhanced star formation is found in the south-eastern part of the disk, coincident with several bright HII regions, and closest to the peculiar optical ridge. No continuum emission was detected in the companions, but NGC 1511B appears to show an HII region at its faint western edge, closest to NGC 1511. The group displays a prime example of interaction-induced star formation activity.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA

Deep Investigation of Neutral Gas Origins (DINGO): HI stacking experiments with early science data

We present early science results from Deep Investigation of Neutral Gas Origins (DINGO), an HI survey using the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP). Using ASKAP sub-arrays available during its commissioning phase, DINGO early science data were taken over $\sim$ 60 deg$^{2}$ of the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) 23 h region with 35.5 hr integration time. We make direct detections of six known and one new sources at $z < 0.01$. Using HI spectral stacking, we investigate the HI gas content of galaxies at $0.04 < z< 0.09$ for different galaxy colours. The results show that galaxy morphology based on optical colour is strongly linked to HI gas properties. To examine environmental impacts on the HI gas content of galaxies, three sub-samples are made based on the GAMA group catalogue. The average HI mass of group central galaxies is larger than those of satellite and isolated galaxies, but with a lower HI gas fraction. We derive a variety of HI scaling relations for physical properties of our sample, including stellar mass, stellar mass surface density, $NUV-r$ colour, specific star formation rate, and halo mass. We find that the derived HI scaling relations are comparable to other published results, with consistent trends also observed to $\sim$0.5 dex lower limits in stellar mass and stellar surface density. The cosmic HI densities derived from our data are consistent with other published values at similar redshifts. DINGO early science highlights the power of HI spectral stacking techniques with ASKAP.Comment: 27 pages, 25 figures, 10 tables, accepted for publication in MNRA