Short-term triple therapy with azithromycin for Helicobacter pylori eradication: Low cost, high compliance, but low efficacy

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The Brazilian consensus recommends a short-term treatment course with clarithromycin, amoxicillin and proton-pump inhibitor for the eradication of <it>Helicobacter pylori </it>(<it>H. pylori)</it>. This treatment course has good efficacy, but cannot be afforded by a large part of the population. Azithromycin, amoxicillin and omeprazole are subsidized, for several aims, by the Brazilian federal government. Therefore, a short-term treatment course that uses these drugs is a low-cost one, but its efficacy regarding the bacterium eradication is yet to be demonstrated. The study's purpose was to verify the efficacy of <it>H. pylori </it>eradication in infected patients who presented peptic ulcer disease, using the association of azithromycin, amoxicillin and omeprazole.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Sixty patients with peptic ulcer diagnosed by upper digestive endoscopy and <it>H. pylori </it>infection documented by rapid urease test, histological analysis and urea breath test were treated for six days with a combination of azithromycin 500 mg and omeprazole 20 mg, in a single daily dose, associated with amoxicillin 500 mg 3 times a day. The eradication control was carried out 12 weeks after the treatment by means of the same diagnostic tests. The eradication rates were calculated with 95% confidence interval.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The eradication rate was 38% per intention to treat and 41% per protocol. Few adverse effects were observed and treatment compliance was high.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Despite its low cost and high compliance, the low eradication rate does not allow the recommendation of the triple therapy with azithromycin as an adequate treatment for <it>H. pylori </it>infection.</p

Evidence for associated production of a Higgs boson with a top quark pair in final states with electrons, muons, and hadronically decaying τ leptons at s=13 \sqrt{s}=13 TeV

Results of a search for the standard model Higgs boson produced in association with a top quark pair (tt¯H) in final states with electrons, muons, and hadronically decaying τ leptons are presented. The analyzed data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1 recorded in proton-proton collisions at s√=13 TeV by the CMS experiment in 2016. The sensitivity of the search is improved by using matrix element and machine learning methods to separate the signal from backgrounds. The measured signal rate amounts to 1.23 − 0.43 + 0.45 times the production rate expected in the standard model, with an observed (expected) significance of 3.2σ (2.8σ), which represents evidence for tt¯H production in those final states. An upper limit on the signal rate of 2.1 times the standard model production rate is set at 95% confidence level

Jet properties in PbPb and pp collisions at sN N=5.02 \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{N}\;\mathrm{N}}}=5.02 TeV

Modifications of the properties of jets in PbPb collisions, relative to those in pp collisions, are studied at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of s NN − − − − √ =5.02 sNN=5.02 TeV via correlations of charged particles with the jet axis in relative pseudorapidity (Δη), relative azimuth (Δϕ), and relative angular distance from the jet axis Δr=(Δη) 2 +(Δϕ) 2 − − − − − − − − − − − − √ Δr=(Δη)2+(Δϕ)2 . This analysis uses data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 404 μb−1 and 27.4 pb−1 for PbPb and pp collisions, respectively. Charged particle number densities, jet fragmentation functions, and jet shapes are presented as a function of PbPb collision centrality and charged-particle track transverse momentum, providing a differential description of jet modifications due to interactions with the quark-gluon plasma

Search for high-mass resonances in dilepton final states in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new high-mass resonances decaying into electron or muon pairs. The search uses proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2016, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 fb(-1). Observations are in agreement with standard model expectations. Upper limits on the product of a new resonance production cross section and branching fraction to dileptons are calculated in a model-independent manner. This permits the interpretation of the limits in models predicting a narrow dielectron or dimuon resonance. A scan of different intrinsic width hypotheses is performed. Limits are set on the masses of various hypothetical particles. For the Z(SSM)' (Z(psi)') particle, which arises in the sequential standard model (superstring-inspired model), a lower mass limit of 4.50 (3.90) TeV is set at 95% confidence level. The lightest Kaluza-Klein graviton arising in the Randall-Sundrum model of extra dimensions, with coupling parameters k/(M) over bar (Pl) of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.10, is excluded at 95% con fi dence level below 2.10, 3.65, and 4.25TeV, respectively. In a simpli fi ed model of dark matter production via a vector or axial vector mediator, limits at 95% con fi dence level are obtained on the masses of the dark matter particle and its mediator.Peer reviewe

Search for narrow and broad dijet resonances in proton-proton collisions at s=13 \sqrt{s}=13 TeV and constraints on dark matter mediators and other new particles

Searches for resonances decaying into pairs of jets are performed using proton-proton collision data collected at s√=13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 36 fb−1. A low-mass search, for resonances with masses between 0.6 and 1.6 TeV, is performed based on events with dijets reconstructed at the trigger level from calorimeter information. A high-mass search, for resonances with masses above 1.6 TeV, is performed using dijets reconstructed offline with a particle-flow algorithm. The dijet mass spectrum is well described by a smooth parameterization and no evidence for the production of new particles is observed. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are reported on the production cross section for narrow resonances with masses above 0.6 TeV. In the context of specific models, the limits exclude string resonances with masses below 7.7 TeV, scalar diquarks below 7.2 TeV, axigluons and colorons below 6.1 TeV, excited quarks below 6.0 TeV, color-octet scalars below 3.4 TeV, W′ bosons below 3.3 TeV, Z′ bosons below 2.7 TeV, Randall-Sundrum gravitons below 1.8 TeV and in the range 1.9 to 2.5 TeV, and dark matter mediators below 2.6 TeV. The limits on both vector and axial-vector mediators, in a simplified model of interactions between quarks and dark matter particles, are presented as functions of dark matter particle mass and coupling to quarks. Searches are also presented for broad resonances, including for the first time spin-1 resonances with intrinsic widths as large as 30% of the resonance mass. The broad resonance search improves and extends the exclusions of a dark matter mediator to larger values of its mass and coupling to quarks

Search for a heavy right-handed W boson and a heavy neutrino in events with two same-flavor leptons and two jets at s=13 \sqrt{s}=13 TeV

A search for a heavy right-handed W boson (WR) decaying to a heavy right-handed neutrino and a charged lepton in events with two same-flavor leptons (e or μ) and two jets, is presented. The analysis is based on proton-proton collision data, collected by the CMS Collaboration at the LHC in 2016 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. No significant excess above the standard model expectation is seen in the invariant mass distribution of the dilepton plus dijet system. Assuming that couplings are identical to those of the standard model, and that only one heavy neutrino flavor NR contributes significantly to the WR decay width, the region in the two-dimensional (m$_{W}$$_{R}$,m$_{N}$$_{R}$) mass plane excluded at 95% confidence level extends to approximately m$_{W}$$_{R}$ =4.4 TeV and covers a large range of right-handed neutrino masses below the WR boson mass. This analysis provides the most stringent limits on the W$_{R}$ mass to date

Search for narrow and broad dijet resonances in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV and constraints on dark matter mediators and other new particles

Searches for resonances decaying into pairs of jets are performed using proton-proton collision data collected at s=13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 36 fb−1. A low-mass search, for resonances with masses between 0.6 and 1.6 TeV, is performed based on events with dijets reconstructed at the trigger level from calorimeter information. A high-mass search, for resonances with masses above 1.6 TeV, is performed using dijets reconstructed offline with a particle-flow algorithm. The dijet mass spectrum is well described by a smooth parameterization and no evidence for the production of new particles is observed. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are reported on the production cross section for narrow resonances with masses above 0.6 TeV. In the context of specific models, the limits exclude string resonances with masses below 7.7 TeV, scalar diquarks below 7.2 TeV, axigluons and colorons below 6.1 TeV, excited quarks below 6.0 TeV, color-octet scalars below 3.4 TeV, W′ bosons below 3.3 TeV, Z′ bosons below 2.7 TeV, Randall-Sundrum gravitons below 1.8 TeV and in the range 1.9 to 2.5 TeV, and dark matter mediators below 2.6 TeV. The limits on both vector and axial-vector mediators, in a simplified model of interactions between quarks and dark matter particles, are presented as functions of dark matter particle mass and coupling to quarks. Searches are also presented for broad resonances, including for the first time spin-1 resonances with intrinsic widths as large as 30% of the resonance mass. The broad resonance search improves and extends the exclusions of a dark matter mediator to larger values of its mass and coupling to quarks.[Figure not available: see fulltext.]

Search for Narrow Resonances in the b-Tagged Dijet Mass Spectrum in Proton-Proton Collisions at √s 8 TeV

A search for narrow resonances decaying to bottom quark-antiquark pairs is presented, using a data sample of proton-proton collisions at √s=8  TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7  fb−1. The search is extended to masses lower than those reached in typical searches for resonances decaying into jet pairs at the LHC, by taking advantage of triggers that identify jets originating from bottom quarks. No significant excess of events is observed above the background predictions. Limits are set on the product of cross section and branching fraction to bottom quarks for spin 0, 1, and 2 resonances in the mass range of 325–1200 GeV. These results improve on the limits for resonances decaying into jet pairs in the 325–500 GeV mass range