Estratégias ambientais para utilização de material de dragagem

O desenvolvimento da atividade portuária requer melhorias nas vias navegáveis e na configuração dos portos através de dragagens de aprofundamento e manutenção. O estado do Rio Grande do Sul, no Brasil, possui vias navegáveis que liga cidades industriais ao porto internacional do Rio Grande, mas que são subutilizadas devido à falta de investimentos e à necessidade de aprofundamento e manutenção. Associado a isso, os processos de dragagem são caros, complexos e podem impactar o meio ambiente. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma alternativa de uso aos sedimentos de dragagem na forma de recurso mineral e com isso diminuir os impactos do despejo do material dragado no corpo hídrico. Para auxiliar na definição do melhor uso para o material dragado, foi desenvolvido o Plano de Uso de Material de Dragagem. No intuito de adicionar mais informações aos requisitos legais brasileiros e auxiliar na tomada de decisão sobre a reutilização deste material, este plano busca complementar as exigências da Resolução Conama 454/2012. Para validação do mesmo, o plano foi aplicado durante a elaboração de estudos de licenciamento de um terminal portuário no rio dos Sinos, Canoas – Rio Grande do Sul. Através de uma análise multicritérios, foram discutidas características físico-química do sedimento e a necessidade socioambiental e econômica de recursos minerais. Os resultados mostraram a importância de aplicar um método de decisão que inclua a empresa e as informações técnicas ambientais. A ampla possibilidade de uso dos sedimentos amostrados no rio Sinos, bem como a necessidade social e econômica deste recurso contribuíram para validar o uso de sedimentos como recurso através. Com isso, foi possível concluir que o uso de sedimentos podem ser uma alternativa de recursos durante os processos de dragagem no Rio Grande do Sul. Além de ser uma alternativa à dificuldade encontrada pelos setores público e privado durante a elaboração e execução de planos de dragagem. Aliado a isso, os custos de dragagem podem ser reduzidos através da criação de um banco de sedimentos para atender às necessidades do governo, incentivando a utilização das vias navegáveis do Rio Grande Sul e consequente diminuindo o transporte rodoviário e suas emissões de CO2 associadas, colaborando com o controle do aquecimento global.The development of the port activity requires improvements through dredging of deepening and maintenance in the navigable ways and the configuration of the ports. The state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, has navigable waterways linking industrial cities to the international port of Rio Grande, but underutilized due to lack of investment and the need for deepening and maintenance. Associated with this, the dredging processes are expensive, complex and can affect the environment. The objective of this work is to present an alternative of use to the dredging sediments in the form of mineral resource and with that to diminish the impacts of the disposal of the dredged material into the water. To define the best use for the dredged material, the Dredging Material Reuse Plan was developed. The plan improve and add more information to Brazilian legal requirements and assist in the decision on the reuse of this material, this plan seeks to complement the requirements of Conama Resolution 454/2012. In order to validate it, the plan was applied during the elaboration of licensing studies of a port terminal in the Rio dos Sinos, Canoas - Rio Grande do Sul. Through a multi-criteria analysis, the physicochemical characteristics of the sediment and the socio-environmental and economic necessities of mineral resources were discuss. The results showed the importance of applying a decision method that includes the company and the technical environmental information. The wide possibility of using the sediments sampled in the Sinos River, as well as the social and economic necessity of this resource contributed to validate the use of sediments as a resource. With this, it was possible to conclude that reuse of sediment can be an alternative resource during dredging processes in Rio Grande do Sul. Besides being an alternative to the difficulty encountered by the public and private sectors during the elaboration and execution of dredging plans. Allied to this, dredging costs can be reduce through the creation of a sediment bank to meet the needs of society and government. The use of waterways must be encourage in Rio Grande Sul, consequently reducing road transport and its associated CO2 emissions, collaborating with global warming control

Biochemical normalization of trace metals in Arctocephalus australis

Arctocephalus australis foi usado como organismo indicador para concentrações de metal traço na costa do Rio Grande do Sul. Metais foram analisados em tecidos extraídos do coração, rins e fígado. Os baixos teores encontrados no coração inicialmente poderiam indicar que este órgão não traria resultados relevantes. Porém, mediante a aplicação de um procedimento de normalização, foram encontrados coeficientes de pré-concentração de 43.1 e de 8.6 para o coração e para os rins, respectivamente, indicando o tecido do coração como o melhor bioindicador para Hg. Para Cd, os coeficientes de pré-concentração foram 128.1, 195.3 e 5.2 para fígado, rins e coração, respectivamente, demonstrando alta capacidade acumulativa especialmente para fígado e rins. Foram encontradas altas correlações positivas entre o Fe e os metais Zn, Cu, Cd, Hg, Ag, Mn, Ni, Cr e Pb, indicando ser este elemento normalizante para definição da concentração bioquímica natural de metais na população de Arctocephalus australis no extremo sul do Brasil.Initially, the heart concentration data does not seem relevant for use as a bioindicator, mainly due to its low concentration level. After applying a normalizing procedure, the heart results were a better Hg bioindicator (preconcentration coefficient 43.1) than those of the kidney (preconcentration coefficient 8.6). Cadmium preconcentration coefficients were 128.1, 195.3 and 5.2 for liver, kidney and heart, respectively, demonstrating the high accumulative capacity especially for the liver and kidneys. Iron is proposed as a normalizing element for the definiton of the regional natural biochemical population of the metals. In general, positive correlation coefficients were found between Fe and other metals

Vacuolar myopathy in a dog resembling human sporadic inclusion body myositis

Sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) is the most common myopathy in people over the age of 50 years. While immune-mediated inflammatory myopathies are well documented in dogs, sIBM has not been described. An 11-year-old dog with chronic and progressive neuromuscular dysfunction was evaluated for evidence of sIBM using current pathologic, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic diagnostic criteria. Vacuoles and congophilic intracellular inclusions were identified in cryostat sections of multiple muscle biopsies and immunostained with antibodies against amyloid-β peptide, amyloid-β precursor protein, and proteosome 20S of the ubiquitin–proteosome system. Cellular infiltration and increased expression of MHC Class I antigen were observed. Cytoplasmic filamentous inclusions, membranous structures, and myeloid bodies were identified ultrastructurally. These observations constitute the first evidence that both the inflammatory and degenerative features of human sIBM can occur in a non-human species

Unilateral Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection in Prostate Cancer Patients Diagnosed in the Era of Magnetic Resonance Imaging-targeted Biopsy: A Study That Challenges the Dogma

PURPOSE: Bilateral extended pelvic lymph node dissection at the time of radical prostatectomy is the current standard of care if pelvic lymph node dissection is indicated; often, however, pelvic lymph node dissection is performed in pN0 disease. With the more accurate staging achieved with magnetic resonance imaging-targeted biopsies for prostate cancer diagnosis, the indication for bilateral extended pelvic lymph node dissection may be revised. We aimed to assess the feasibility of unilateral extended pelvic lymph node dissection in the era of modern prostate cancer imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed a multi-institutional data set of men with cN0 disease diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging-targeted biopsy who underwent prostatectomy and bilateral extended pelvic lymph node dissection. The outcome of the study was lymph node invasion contralateral to the prostatic lobe with worse disease features, ie, dominant lobe. Logistic regression to predict lymph node invasion contralateral to the dominant lobe was generated and internally validated. RESULTS: Overall, data from 2,253 patients were considered. Lymph node invasion was documented in 302 (13%) patients; 83 (4%) patients had lymph node invasion contralateral to the dominant prostatic lobe. A model including prostate-specific antigen, maximum diameter of the index lesion, seminal vesicle invasion on magnetic resonance imaging, International Society of Urological Pathology grade in the nondominant side, and percentage of positive cores in the nondominant side achieved an area under the curve of 84% after internal validation. With a cutoff of contralateral lymph node invasion of 1%, 602 (27%) contralateral pelvic lymph node dissections would be omitted with only 1 (1.2%) lymph node invasion missed. CONCLUSIONS: Pelvic lymph node dissection could be omitted contralateral to the prostate lobe with worse disease features in selected patients. We propose a model that can help avoid contralateral pelvic lymph node dissection in almost one-third of cases

Alignment of the CMS muon system with cosmic-ray and beam-halo muons

This is the Pre-print version of the Article. The official published version of the Paper can be accessed from the link below - Copyright @ 2010 IOPThe CMS muon system has been aligned using cosmic-ray muons collected in 2008 and beam-halo muons from the 2008 LHC circulating beam tests. After alignment, the resolution of the most sensitive coordinate is 80 microns for the relative positions of superlayers in the same barrel chamber and 270 microns for the relative positions of endcap chambers in the same ring structure. The resolution on the position of the central barrel chambers relative to the tracker is comprised between two extreme estimates, 200 and 700 microns, provided by two complementary studies. With minor modifications, the alignment procedures can be applied using muons from LHC collisions, leading to additional significant improvements.This work is supported by FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, ME, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR(Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia); MSTDS (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA)

Alignment of the CMS muon system with cosmic-ray and beam-halo muons

This is the Pre-print version of the Article. The official published version of the Paper can be accessed from the link below - Copyright @ 2010 IOPThe CMS muon system has been aligned using cosmic-ray muons collected in 2008 and beam-halo muons from the 2008 LHC circulating beam tests. After alignment, the resolution of the most sensitive coordinate is 80 microns for the relative positions of superlayers in the same barrel chamber and 270 microns for the relative positions of endcap chambers in the same ring structure. The resolution on the position of the central barrel chambers relative to the tracker is comprised between two extreme estimates, 200 and 700 microns, provided by two complementary studies. With minor modifications, the alignment procedures can be applied using muons from LHC collisions, leading to additional significant improvements.This work is supported by FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, ME, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR(Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia); MSTDS (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA)

Estratégias ambientais para utilização de material de dragagem

O desenvolvimento da atividade portuária requer melhorias nas vias navegáveis e na configuração dos portos através de dragagens de aprofundamento e manutenção. O estado do Rio Grande do Sul, no Brasil, possui vias navegáveis que liga cidades industriais ao porto internacional do Rio Grande, mas que são subutilizadas devido à falta de investimentos e à necessidade de aprofundamento e manutenção. Associado a isso, os processos de dragagem são caros, complexos e podem impactar o meio ambiente. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma alternativa de uso aos sedimentos de dragagem na forma de recurso mineral e com isso diminuir os impactos do despejo do material dragado no corpo hídrico. Para auxiliar na definição do melhor uso para o material dragado, foi desenvolvido o Plano de Uso de Material de Dragagem. No intuito de adicionar mais informações aos requisitos legais brasileiros e auxiliar na tomada de decisão sobre a reutilização deste material, este plano busca complementar as exigências da Resolução Conama 454/2012. Para validação do mesmo, o plano foi aplicado durante a elaboração de estudos de licenciamento de um terminal portuário no rio dos Sinos, Canoas – Rio Grande do Sul. Através de uma análise multicritérios, foram discutidas características físico-química do sedimento e a necessidade socioambiental e econômica de recursos minerais. Os resultados mostraram a importância de aplicar um método de decisão que inclua a empresa e as informações técnicas ambientais. A ampla possibilidade de uso dos sedimentos amostrados no rio Sinos, bem como a necessidade social e econômica deste recurso contribuíram para validar o uso de sedimentos como recurso através. Com isso, foi possível concluir que o uso de sedimentos podem ser uma alternativa de recursos durante os processos de dragagem no Rio Grande do Sul. Além de ser uma alternativa à dificuldade encontrada pelos setores público e privado durante a elaboração e execução de planos de dragagem. Aliado a isso, os custos de dragagem podem ser reduzidos através da criação de um banco de sedimentos para atender às necessidades do governo, incentivando a utilização das vias navegáveis do Rio Grande Sul e consequente diminuindo o transporte rodoviário e suas emissões de CO2 associadas, colaborando com o controle do aquecimento global.The development of the port activity requires improvements through dredging of deepening and maintenance in the navigable ways and the configuration of the ports. The state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, has navigable waterways linking industrial cities to the international port of Rio Grande, but underutilized due to lack of investment and the need for deepening and maintenance. Associated with this, the dredging processes are expensive, complex and can affect the environment. The objective of this work is to present an alternative of use to the dredging sediments in the form of mineral resource and with that to diminish the impacts of the disposal of the dredged material into the water. To define the best use for the dredged material, the Dredging Material Reuse Plan was developed. The plan improve and add more information to Brazilian legal requirements and assist in the decision on the reuse of this material, this plan seeks to complement the requirements of Conama Resolution 454/2012. In order to validate it, the plan was applied during the elaboration of licensing studies of a port terminal in the Rio dos Sinos, Canoas - Rio Grande do Sul. Through a multi-criteria analysis, the physicochemical characteristics of the sediment and the socio-environmental and economic necessities of mineral resources were discuss. The results showed the importance of applying a decision method that includes the company and the technical environmental information. The wide possibility of using the sediments sampled in the Sinos River, as well as the social and economic necessity of this resource contributed to validate the use of sediments as a resource. With this, it was possible to conclude that reuse of sediment can be an alternative resource during dredging processes in Rio Grande do Sul. Besides being an alternative to the difficulty encountered by the public and private sectors during the elaboration and execution of dredging plans. Allied to this, dredging costs can be reduce through the creation of a sediment bank to meet the needs of society and government. The use of waterways must be encourage in Rio Grande Sul, consequently reducing road transport and its associated CO2 emissions, collaborating with global warming control

Biochemical normalization of trace metals in Arctocephalus Australis

Initially, the heart concentration data does not seem relevant for use as a bioindicator, mainly due to its low concentration level. After applying a normalizing procedure, the heart results were a better Hg bioindicator (preconcentration coefficient 43.1) than those of the kidney (preconcentration coefficient 8.6). Cadmium preconcentration coefficients were 128.1, 195.3 and 5.2 for liver, kidney and heart, respectively, demonstrating the high accumulative capacity especially for the liver and kidneys. Iron is proposed as a normalizing element for the definiton of the regional natural biochemical population of the metals. In general, positive correlation coefficients were found between Fe and other metals.Arctocephalus australis foi usado como organismo indicador para concentrações de metal traço na costa do Rio Grande do Sul. Metais foram analisados em tecidos extraídos do coração, rins e fígado. Os baixos teores encontrados no coração inicialmente poderiam indicar que este órgão não traria resultados relevantes. Porém, mediante a aplicação de um procedimento de normalização, foram encontrados coeficientes de pré-concentração de 43.1 e de 8.6 para o coração e para os rins, respectivamente, indicando o tecido do coração como o melhor bioindicador para Hg. Para Cd, os coeficientes de pré-concentração foram 128.1, 195.3 e 5.2 para fígado, rins e coração, respectivamente, demonstrando alta capacidade acumulativa especialmente para fígado e rins. Foram encontradas altas correlações positivas entre o Fe e os metais Zn, Cu, Cd, Hg, Ag, Mn, Ni, Cr e Pb, indicando ser este elemento normalizante para definição da concentração bioquímica natural de metais na população de Arctocephalus australis no extremo sul do Brasil