Causa incomum de abdome agudo na sala de emergência: lipoma intestinal - série de casos e revisão de literatura

Os lipomas são lesões benignas formadas por células gordurosas adultas e circundadas por cápsula fibrosa. Esses tumores podem ser assintomáticos ou apresentar-se com uma variedade de sintomas, podendo evoluir como uma emergência cirúrgica ou serem erroneamente diagnosticados como doença maligna. Assim, descrevemos três casos de pacientes diagnosticados com lipomas gastrointestinais (um caso de intestino delgado, um caso de ceco, e o terceiro de sigmoide) após início de quadro clínico sugestivo de abdome agudo, os dois primeiros casos foram inicialmente abordados por via laparoscópica e posteriormente a ressecção e anastomose foram realizadas por vias extracorpóreas, através de uma incisão de Pfannenstiel. O terceiro caso teve abordagem laparotômica. O estudo foi observacional e retrospectivo com análise de prontuários médicos. Os lipomas do trato gastrointestinal são raros, porém devem ser lembrados como diagnóstico diferencial, principalmente nos pacientes que apresentam quadro de dor abdominal aguda, geralmente compatível com abdome aguda obstrutivo.Lipomas are benign lesions formed by adult fatty cells, surrounded by a fibrous capsule. These tumors may be asymptomatic or present a variety of symptoms, which may occur as a surgical emergency, and may also be erroneously diagnosed as malignant disease. We report three cases of patients diagnosed with gastrointestinal lipomas (one case from the small intestine, another one from the cecum and the third one from the sigmoid) after the clinical presentation of acute abdomen, the first two cases were initially treated by laparoscopy and subsequently resection and anastomosis were performed by extracorporeal pathways through a Pfannenstiel incision. The third case had a laparotomic approach. The study was observational and retrospective with research of medical records. Lipomas of the gastrointestinal tract are rare, but should be included in the differential diagnosis, especially in patients presenting with acute abdominal pain, usually compatible with acute obstructive abdomen

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Aneurisma de artéria hepática comum: relato de caso e discussão de literatura: relato de caso e revisão da literatura

O aneurisma de artéria hepática comum é uma causa incomum de aneurisma de artéria hepática que quando sintomático, apresentam dor epigástrica ou no hipocôndrio direito, mais comumente, sem relação com a alimentação. Relatamos o caso de um homem de 41 anos, com queixas de dores abdominais difusas de longas datas, intensificadas há cinco dias da admissão no serviço. Submetido há investigação com exames laboratoriais e de imagem que evidenciaram aneurisma de artéria hepática comum com 2,4 x 3,6cm nos maiores diâmetros. Realizado embolização transcatéter percutânea com molas metálicas para tratamento do mesmo e o paciente evoluiu sem intercorrências.  The aneurysm of common hepatic artery is an uncommon cause of hepatic artery aneurysm that when symptomatic, have epigastric pain or right upper quadrant, more commonly, unrelated to food. We report the case of a 41-year-old man with complaints of diffuse abdominal pains for long periods, intensified five days after admission to the service. Investigations were carried out with laboratory and imaging tests that demonstrated an aneurysm of the common hepatic artery with 2.4 x 3.6 cm in the largest diameters. Percutaneous transcatheter embolization was performed with metal springs to treat it and the patient progressed without complications

Terapia por pressão subatmosférica de baixo custo como alternativa para fechamento abdominal temporário em hospital público: relato de caso

The use of subatmospheric pressure through a vacuum dressing in patients with open abdomen is increasingly used for temporary abdominal closure. Vacuum curative can be used as a bridge between the onset of the initial lesion and surgery for definitive closure of the wound, in those cases in which primary fascial closure is not possible. The objective of this work is to present a practical proposal for temporary abdominal closure using vacuum curative with NPWT (modified Barker’s vacuum-packing technique - BVPT), as alternatives to the other techniques. The mechanism of action involves the control of exudate, reduction of perilesional interstitial edema, increased blood flow, stimulation of granulation tissue formation, and wound contraction. The curative presented low costs, easy application and using materials available frequently in most public hospitals. According to the literature, the modified BVPT presents good results and rates of complications similar to the commercial NPWT kits.A utilização da pressão subatmosférica através de curativo à vácuo em pacientes com abdome aberto é usada cada vez mais para o fechamento abdominal temporário. O curativo à vácuo pode ser utilizado como uma “ponte” entre o surgimento da lesão inicial e a cirurgia de fechamento definitivo da ferida, naqueles casos em que o fechamento fascial primário não é possível. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma proposta prática para o fechamento abdominal temporário utilizando curativo à vácuo (técnica de Barker modificada), como alternativas as demais técnicas. O mecanismo de ação envolve o controle do exsudato, redução do edema intersticial perilesional, aumento do fluxo sanguíneo, estímulo à formação de tecido de granulação e contração da ferida. O curativo apresentou baixos custos, fácil aplicação e utilizando materiais disponíveis com frequência na maioria dos hospitais públicos. De acordo com a literatura, a técnica de Barker modificada apresenta bons resultados e índices de complicações semelhantes aos kits de TPN comerciais

Bioprospecting Fluorescent <i>Pseudomonas</i> from the Brazilian Amazon for the Biocontrol of Signal Grass Foliar Blight

Biological control is considered the only viable integrated disease management practice for controlling the widely distributed and destructive foliar blight and sudden death disease caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA on signal grass (Urochloa brizantha) pastures. Since major signal grass varieties are highly susceptible and fungicide sprays are not labeled for grass pasture cropping systems, biological control is sought as an alternative for managing this fungal disease. In this study, 24 fluorescent Pseudomonas isolates obtained from naturally suppressive soils from the Amazon biome were bio-prospected for their role as biocontrol agents against R. solani AG-1 IA. Based on in vitro antagonism, three isolates (Amana, Poti, and Yara) were selected for further in vivo assays. Multilocus phylogenetic analysis indicated that Amana and Yara were grouped into the Pseudomonas putida group while Poti was grouped into the Pseudomonas asplenii group, and could well constitute a new Pseudomonas species. For in vivo biocontrol assays, the biocontrol agents were applied either via seed-treatment or via foliar spray. All three isolates produced siderophores and solubilized phosphate, while Amana and Poti showed protease and chitinase in vitro activity. Foliar application of P. putida Amana from Amazonian suppressive soils resulted in a significant reduction of the foliar blight disease severity on signal grass. We discuss further steps for the development and labeling of Pseudomonas-based biofungicides for managing the foliar blight disease on signal grass pastures in Brazil

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data