Do imigrante ao nacional regenerado: a busca pelo trabalhador perfeito.

A cidade de São Paulo, no último quartel do século XIX, recebeu um número expressivo de imigrantes, grande parte desta população que entrou no Brasil era majoritariamente oriunda da Europa, e, por conta disto, alimentou a mentalidade da elite brasileira em relação ao um novo regime de trabalho. Na visão desta mesma elite, além da importância para a economia, na incipiente industrialização paulista, os imigrantes também carregavam consigo a tarefa de regenerar a população brasileira, sobretudo a de ascendência africana, vista como uma população degenerada e inferior. Tendo em vista essa conjuntura, este artigo problematizará a importância da ação da escola no início do século XX na busca pela regeneração do indivíduo. Desta forma, esta escola não formaria apenas o indivíduo apto intelectualmente para trabalhar nas fábricas, mas também um cidadão asséptico e higienizado, em consonância com os discursos sanitaristas da época.

PROFISSIONALIZAÇÃO DA ENFERMAGEM : PERCEPÇÕES SOBRE A PRÁTICA DOCENTE

Este estudo visa identificar as possibilidades e desafios que a formação docente de Licenciatura em Educação Profissional e Tecnológica, ofertada pelo Instituto Federal de Brasília, Campus Samambaia, suscita para bacharéis em enfermagem que atuam na docência em cursos técnicos. Como possibilidade de fortalecimento do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), o caminho metodológico percorrido, baseou-se na elaboração de estudo descritivo, qualitativo, do tipo relato de experiência de estágio supervisionado, dividido em quatro etapas de formação, denominadas estágio supervisionado I, II, III e IV, aplicada a profissionalização docente, de bacharéis em enfermagem, para cursos técnicos. Identificou-se que os alunos são sujeitos ativos da própria aprendizagem e que os professores produzem as condições de construção do conhecimento. A elaboração do curso de formação inicial e continuada possibilitou a construção coletiva da prática docente e, em tempos de pandemia de Covid-19, identificou-se possibilidades educacionais para fortalecimento do SUS, proposta como tríade de conhecimentos para formação docente, de enfermeiros e enfermeiras no Brasil. Por fim, entende-se que a formação do professor enfermeiro, requer o domínio e integração de conhecimento científico e tecnológico de enfermagem, entrelaçados aos saberes didáticos-pedagógicos, que tenham como princípio o compromisso ético político e societário, assumido pela Reforma Sanitária Brasileira, em defesa de um sistema público, único, descentralizado, fundamentado nos princípios da integralidade, universalidade, equidade, participação popular e controle social

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Recent advances in lanthanide spectroscopy in Brazil

This review discusses recent advances in lanthanide spectroscopy involving luminescence applications Q2 carried out in Brazil. The revised topics include glasses, sol–gel, light-emitting diodes, nanoparticles, metal–organic frameworks, coordination polymers, thin films, energy transfer processes, upconversion and development of new theoretical tools. The important role played by Prof. Oscar L. Malta on this subject is evidenced by his many contributions to the broad range of investigations reported here and this review is dedicated to him, on the occasion of his 60th birthday

As propostas educacionais de higienização veiculadas pela Revista Escolar (1925-1927)

Educational journals, published in the first decades of the 20th century, were the scene of disputes and clashes between different groups that not only sought space to convey their ideas, but also wanted to impose their representations on the educational field of the time. It is within this area that this study finds its concerns. Published between January 1925 and September 1927, part of this research, Revista Escolar was a spotlight for the defense of the modern school in São Paulo and the defense of a hygienist thought. In this way, commanded by the Public Instruction Board, under the leadership of Pedro Voss, between 1925 and 1927, this Board published the Revista Escolar, receiving harsh criticism from the group that was located around the 1926 Survey, formulated by Fernando de Azevedo. In this struggle of representations for the institutionalization of a São Paulo educational model, several strategies were used by the editorial board of Revista Escolar as a way to attract the largest number of teachers from São Paulo and build an ideal reader for a peculiar reading model. However, the journal also circulated the discourse on the imperative need for the articulation of hygiene in school education. This discourse constituted a link between intellectuals in favor of the model of reading the periodicals and its critics. In other words: if there were criticisms of the teaching method and the way these methods were printed in the journal, there were no dissensions in relation to hygienic discourse. Anyway, we started from the idea that there were differences between these groups of intellectuals in the field of education, these differences need to be located and explained. In this perspective, to unravel the bellicose field of education, we analyzed the magazine in its material and didactic form, as well as the public in this way projected - the recently graduated teachers-; we also analyzed the magazine as a space for defending ideas about literacy and its forms of dissemination and the ideas for articulation between school and hygiene. Because, in the front that was formed between these different groups, in the 1920s, increasing, decreasing, excluding and including information in the journal's body, becomes morEducational journals, published in the first decades of the 20th century, were the scene of disputes and clashes between different groups that not only sought space to convey their ideas, but also wanted to impose their representations on the educational field of the time. It is within this area that this study finds its concerns. Published between January 1925 and September 1927, part of this research, Revista Escolar was a spotlight for the defense of the modern school in São Paulo and the defense of a hygienist thought. In this way, commanded by the Public Instruction Board, under the leadership of Pedro Voss, between 1925 and 1927, this Board published the Revista Escolar, receiving harsh criticism from the group that was located around the 1926 Survey, formulated by Fernando de Azevedo. In this struggle of representations for the institutionalization of a São Paulo educational model, several strategies were used by the editorial board of Revista Escolar as a way to attract the largest number of teachers from São Paulo and build an ideal reader for a peculiar reading model. However, the journal also circulated the discourse on the imperative need for the articulation of hygiene in school education. This discourse constituted a link between intellectuals in favor of the model of reading the periodicals and its critics. In other words: if there were criticisms of the teaching method and the way these methods were printed in the journal, there were no dissensions in relation to hygienic discourse. Anyway, we started from the idea that there were differences between these groups of intellectuals in the field of education, these differences need to be located and explained. In this perspective, to unravel the bellicose field of education, we analyzed the magazine in its material and didactic form, as well as the public in this way projected - the recently graduated teachers-; we also analyzed the magazine as a space for defending ideas about literacy and its forms of dissemination and the ideas for articulation between school and hygiene. Because, in the front that was formed between these different groups, in the 1920s, increasing, decreasing, excluding and including information in the journal's body, becomes more than an artifice of the publishing process, they are tools that help to shape a certain thought, thus seeking to dominate and dominate certain representations. To analyze this field of disputes, in this dissertation, hygiene and the project (s) for its implementation in São Paulo schools proposed by Revista Escolar are the central issue.e than an artifice of the publishing process, they are tools that help to shape a certain thought, thus seeking to dominate and dominate certain representations. To analyze this field of disputes, in this dissertation, hygiene and the project (s) for its implementation in São Paulo schools proposed by Revista Escolar are the central issue.Os periódicos educacionais, publicados nas primeiras décadas do século XX, foram palco de disputas e embates de diferentes grupos que não só buscavam espaço para veicular suas ideias, como queriam impor suas representações no campo educacional da época. É dentro desta seara que este estudo localiza suas inquietações. Publicada entre janeiro de 1925 até setembro de 1927, recorte desta pesquisa, a Revista Escolar foi um holofote para a defesa da escola moderna paulista e da defesa de um pensamento higienista. Deste modo, comandada pela Diretoria de Instrução Publica, sob a liderança de Pedro Voss, entre 1925 e 1927, esta Diretoria publicou a Revista Escolar, recebendo duras críticas do grupo que se localizou em torno do Inquérito de 1926, formulado por Fernando de Azevedo. Nesta luta de representações pela institucionalização de um modelo educacional paulista, diversas estratégias foram utilizadas pelo corpo editorial da Revista Escolar como forma de atrair o maior número do professorado paulista e construir um leitor ideal para um modelo de leitura peculiar. Contudo, o periódico também fez circular o discurso sobre a imperiosa necessidade da articulação da higiene na educação escolar. Esse discurso se constituiu em elo entre os intelectuais favoráveis ao modelo de leitura dos periódicos e os seus críticos. Em outras palavras: se havia críticas ao método de ensino e ao modo como esses métodos eram estampados no periódico, não havia dissensões em relação ao discurso higiênico. Enfim, partimos da ideia de que se havia divergências entre estes grupos de intelectuais no campo da educação, essas divergências precisam ser localizadas e explicadas. Nessa perspectiva, para deslindar o campo belicoso da educação, analisamos a revista em sua forma material e didática, assim como o público que por essa forma foi projetado -os professores recém- formados-; analisamos também a revista como espaço de defesa de ideias sobre a alfabetização e suas formas de difusão e as ideias de articulação entre a escola e a higiene. No front que se formou entre estes diferentes grupos, na década de 1920, aumentar, diminuir, excluir e incluir informações no corpo da revista, torna-se, pois, mais que artimanhas do processo de editoração, são ferramentas que ajudam a moldar determinado pensamento, buscando, assim, o domínio e a hegemonização de determinadas representações. Para analisar esse campo de disputas, nessa dissertação, recorta-se como questão central a Higienização e o(s) projeto(s) de sua implementação nas escolas paulistas propugnado pela Revista Escolar.Dados abertos - Sucupira - Teses e dissertações (2020

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost