Variabilidade espacial e temporal da produtividade do cafeeiro canephora

GIS techniques have been used in many agricultural crops to study and assess the causes of spatial and temporal variability in production. The spatial and temporal variability of the canephora (conilon) coffee productivity was analyzed in the present work in three consecutive agricultural years (harvests) using geoprocessing techniques. A sampling grid with 109 georeferenced points was built with five plants per point. Significant differences in productivity were observed, with the lowest productivity recorded for the harvest 3 in 93.5% of the area. The productivity index (YI) varied from -18.0% in harvest 2 to harvest 1 and from -57.0% in harvest 2 to harvest 3, showing increasing decrease between different harvests.Em várias culturas, tem-se utilizado técnicas de geoprocessamento com intuito de estudar e interpretar as causas da variabilidade espacial e temporal da sua produção. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido objetivando-se analisar a variabilidade espacial e temporal da produtividade do cafeeiro canephora (conilon) em três safras consecutivas, utilizando técnicas de geoprocessamento. Uma malha amostral foi construída com 109 pontos georreferenciados, considerando cinco plantas por ponto. As produtividades apresentaram diferenças significativas, com menor produtividade na safra 3, em 93,5% da área. O índice de produtividade (IP) ficou da safra 2 para a 1 em -18,0% e da safra 3 para a 2 em -57,0%, mostrando redução crescente entre as diferentes safras

Variabilidade espacial da produtividade e do estado nutricional do cafeeiro Canephora

Utilizing precision farming techniques along with the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) allows crop management to be improved, thereby making it possible to better control plant nutrition and to assist in reducing fertilizer expenditures. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial variability of the nutritional status of conilon coffee (Coffea canephora), using the Nutritional Balance index (NBI). 140 points were georeferenced within a coffee crop, each sampling point contained five plants. Leaf samples were analyzed in order to determine levels of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, B, Zn, Mn and Cu. The crop showed itself to have a nutritional imbalance, as shown by the deficiency and excess variation of some nutrients in the crop. The nutritional balance index (NBI) was not correlated with productivity (Prod), indicating that, when the crop has a high nutritional imbalance IBN is not a good tool for establishing nutritional standards for conilon coffee.O uso das técnicas da agricultura de precisão aliada ao Sistema Integrado de Diagnose e Recomendação (DRIS) permite o aperfeiçoamento do manejo da lavoura, possibilitando melhor controle nutricional da planta e contribuindo para reduzir gastos com fertilizante. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar a variabilidade espacial do estado nutricional do cafeeiro conilon (Coffea canephora), utilizando o Índice de Balanço Nutricional (IBN). Em uma lavoura de café foram amostrados 140 pontos georreferenciados, sendo cada ponto amostral constituído de cinco plantas. As amostras foliares foram analisadas para determinação dos teores de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, B, Zn, Mn e Cu. A lavoura apresenta desequilíbrio nutricional mostrado pela variação da deficiência e excesso de alguns nutrientes na lavoura. O índice de balanceamento nutricional (IBN) não apresentou correlação com a produtividade (Prod), indicando que, quando a lavoura apresenta elevado desequilíbrio nutricional o IBN não é uma boa ferramenta para o estabelecimento de um padrão nutricional para o café conilon

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

SÉRIES TEMPORAIS DO ENHANCED VEGETATION INDEX E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO USO DO SOLO NO ESTADO DO ESPÍRITO SANTO (Temporal series of the Enhanced Vegetation Index and the characterization of land use in the state of Espírito Santo)

Imagens Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) são geradas por bandas do espectro eletromagnético nas faixas do azul, vermelho e infravermelho próximo. Esse índice minimiza os efeitos de resposta do solo, atmosfera e apresenta alta resposta a variações fenológicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi utilizar o índice de vegetação modificado para caracterizar o comportamento espectro-temporal de diferentes usos do solo no Estado do Espírito Santo. Foram utilizadas imagens EVI do sensor Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) no período de dezembro de 2002 até julho de 2008, totalizando 192 imagens. Geraram-se aleatoriamente pontos com boa distribuição espacial no Estado. Estes foram posteriormente classificados de acordo com o tipo cobertura, utilizando como referência imagens LANDSAT/TM. Os resultados mostram que o Enhanced Vegetation foi sensível às variações fenológicas da vegetação, com menores valores no período seco em relação aqueles do período chuvoso do ano. Foi observado também comportamento espectral semelhante entre classes de uso do solo de área reflorestada e Natural. Para o uso do solo do tipo corpo d'água foram encontrados os menores valores de índice, bem próximos a unidade. Palavras-chave: sensoriamento remoto; SIG; classificação ABSTRACT Enhanced Vegetation Index images are made by means of bands in the electromagnetic spectrum in the range of blue, red and near infrared. This index minimizes the response effects of soil and atmosphere, besides having high response to phenological variations. This study aims to use the vegetation index modified to characterize the spectrum and temporal behavior of different uses of soil in the State of Espírito Santo – Brazil between June 200 and June 2008. All together, a 16-day series summarizing 192 index images was generated. Random points with good spatial distribution were generate and ranked according the type coverage, using LANDSAT/TM images. The results show that the Enhanced Vegetation was sensitive to the phenological variations of the vegetation, with lower values for the dry season in relation to the rainy season. Similar spectrum behavior was also observed among the different uses of soil for both the Natural Forest and Planted Forest. The lowest index values were found for the category which includes the water bodies very close to the unit. Keywords: remote sensing; GIS; classification DOI: 10.5654/actageo2010.0407.000

Lógica fuzzy na avaliação da fertilidade do solo e produtividade do café conilon

The objective of this study was to analyze, using the geoestatistic and a system of classification fuzzy, the fertility of an experimental area with base in chemical attributes of the soil and its relationship with the productivity of the conilon coffee. The study was accomplished in the experimental farm of the INCAPER - ES. The soil samples were collected in the depth of 0 - 0.2 m, being analyzed the attributes: matches, potassium, calcium and magnesium, aluminum, sum of bases, cation exchange capacity (pH 7), and saturation percentage. The data were submitted to a descriptive, exploratory, and geostatistical analysis. A system of fuzzy classification was applied using the attributes described to infer about the fertility of the soil and its relationship with the productivity of the culture. The fertility possibility presented positive spatial relationship with the productivity of the culture, with higher values of this where the possibility of fertile soil is superior

Sistema Para Diagnàstico De Parasitos Intestinais Por AnÁlise Computadorizada De Imagens E Uso Do Referido Sistema

SISTEMA PARA DIAGNOSTICO DE PARASITOS INTESTINAIS POR ANÁLISE COMPUTADORIZADA DE IMAGENS E USO DO REFERIDO SISTEMA. O presente relatório revela um conjunto de elementos estruturais que combinados com procedimentos laboratoriais em uma dada ordem, formam um sistema para diagnóstico de parasitos intestinais de humanos e animais por análise computadorizada de imagens. Adicionalmente, o sistema de diagnóstico é capaz de definir o diagnóstico por meio de lâminas convencionais de microscopia, de maneira a eliminar a necessidade da bomba peristáltica, reduzindo consideravelmente o custo do sistema, sem perda de eficácia diagnóstica. O módulo de análise de imagens utiliza elipses como marcadores para um melhor delineamento dos componentes e para diminuir a quantidade de impurezas aderidas aos parasitos, e assim eliminar a etapa de divisão de componentes. Adicionalmente, a presente invenção refere-se ao use do sistema para diagnóstico ora também objeto da presente invenção para detectar a presença de estruturas de parasitos nas imagens, isolar essas estruturas dos demais componentes da imagem, reconhecer a espécie parasitária, armazenar as imagens e emitir um relatório final concluindo o diagnóstico.BRPI0802292 (A2)G01N33/48G06T7/60BR2008PI02292G01N33/48G06T7/6

A System For Diagnosing Intestinal Parasites By Computerized Image Analysis

This present invention discloses a system for diagnosing intestinal parasites in humans and animals by computerized analysis of microscopic images obtained from fecal samples. The system uses commercially available equipment, a suitable parasitological kit, and computer and parasitological techniques especially developed to solve the problem. The advantages of the system proposed in relation to procedures currently adopted in clinical analysis laboratories are: greater productivity; greater diagnostic sensitivity; lower manpower expenses; reduction of utensils and physical space in the parasitology laboratory, speed, practicality and diagnostic security; decreased risk of contact and contamination for laboratory technician; disposal of analyzed material into a recipient suitable for toxic material, in accordance with biosafety regulations; innovation in delivery of results through images; restoration of credibility in diagnosing intestinal parasitoses by medical class, avoiding the empirical, indiscriminate and ineffective use of drugs.WO2008064442 (A2); WO2008064442 (A3)G01N35/00WO2007BR00272G01N35/0