370 research outputs found
Comparison of Tissue Adhesive Glue with Subcuticular Absorbable Suture for Skin Closure Following Thyroid Surgery: A single blinded randomized controlled trial
Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare the skin closure time, postoperative pain and the scar outcome between tissue adhesive and sub-cuticular sutures in thyroid surgery. Methods: This was a prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial. A sample size of 64 in each group was calculated. Adult patients undergoing thyroid surgery were included while those with previous neck surgery, history of keloids/hypertrophic scars and those undergoing concomitant neck dissections were excluded. Following platysma closure, they were randomised into two groups - tissue adhesive or subcuticular sutures, using Serially Numbered Opaque Sealed Envelopes technique. The primary outcome was the skin closure time. The secondary outcomes were postoperative pain at 24 hours and scar scoring at 1st and 3rd post-operative month. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 19.0 for Windows. Results: The median skin closure time and postoperative pain was significantly lower in the tissue adhesive group as compared to the suture group (p<0.01). However, there was no statistically significant difference in scar outcome at 1st month (p=0.088) and in 3rd month (p=0.137) between the two groups. There were no wound-related complications in either group. It was seen on a subgroup analysis that there was no difference in the scar outcome or wound-related complications in patients with comorbidities. There were no instances of allergic contact dermatitis to the tissue adhesive. Conclusion: The use of tissue adhesive leads to lower operative time and less post-operative pain in thyroid surgeries. The scar outcome is comparable between tissue adhesives and subcuticular sutures.
Keywords: Thyroidectomy; scar; tissue glue; subcuticular suture
Case Report - Unusual metastasis in colorectal cancer
Metastasis from colorectal carcinoma occurs by either lymphatic or
hematogenous spread. The most common sites of colorectal metastasis are
the liver and lung. Involvement of the skin, muscles and bones are
quite rare. The prognosis in such patients is usually poor. Herewith,
we are reporting a case of colonic carcinoma who had cutaneous
metastasis, muscular involvement and diffuse skeletal metastasis. At
the end, she had brain metastasis, but liver and lung involvement was
not observed till the end
Scalar-field Pressure in Induced Gravity with Higgs Potential and Dark Matter
A model of induced gravity with a Higgs potential is investigated in detail
in view of the pressure components related to the scalar-field excitations. The
physical consequences emerging as an artifact due to the presence of these
pressure terms are analysed in terms of the constraints parting from energy
density, solar-relativistic effects and galactic dynamics along with the dark
matter halos.Comment: 26 pages, 3 figures, Minor revision, Published in JHE
The social biography of antibiotic use in smallholder dairy farms in India
Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been identified as one of the major threats to global health, food security and development today. While there has been considerable attention about the use and misuse of antibiotics amongst human populations in both research and policy environments, there is no definitive estimate of the extent of misuse of antibiotics in the veterinary sector and its contribution to AMR in humans. In this study, we explored the drivers ofirrational usage of verterinary antibiotics in the dairy farming sector in peri-urban India. Methods and materials The study was conducted in the peri-urban belts of Ludhiana, Guwahati and Bangalore. A total of 54 interviews (formal and non-formal) were carried out across these three sites. Theme guides were developed to explore different drivers of veterinary antimicrobial use. Data was audio recorded and transcribed. Analysis of the coded data set was carried out using AtlasTi. Version 7. Themes emerged inductively from the set of codes. Results Findings were presented based on concept of âlevels of analysesâ. Emergent themes were categorised as individual, health systems, and policy level drivers. Low level of knowledge related to antibiotics among farmers, active informal service providers, direct marketing of drugs to the farmers and easily available antibiotics, dispensed without appropriate prescriptions contributed to easy access to antibiotics, and were identified to be the possible drivers contributing to the non-prescribed and self-administered use of antibiotics in the dairy farms. Conclusions Smallholding dairy farmers operated within very small margins of profits. The paucity of formal veterinary services at the community level, coupled with easy availability of antibiotics and the need to ensure profits and minimise losses, promoted non-prescribed antibiotic consumption. It is essential that these local drivers of irrational antibiotic use are understood in order to develop interventions and policies that seek to reduce antibiotic misuse
Directed Self-Assembly: Expectations and Achievements
Nanotechnology has been a revolutionary thrust in recent years of development of science and technology for its broad appeal for employing a novel idea for relevant technological applications in particular and for mass-scale production and marketing as common man commodity in general. An interesting aspect of this emergent technology is that it involves scientific research community and relevant industries alike. Topâdown and bottomâup approaches are two broad division of production of nanoscale materials in general. However, both the approaches have their own limits as far as large-scale production and cost involved are concerned. Therefore, novel new techniques are desired to be developed to optimize production and cost. Directed self-assembly seems to be a promising technique in this regard; which can work as a bridge between the topâdown and bottomâup approaches. This article reviews how directed self-assembly as a technique has grown up and outlines its future prospects
Multiscale multifactorial approaches for engineering tendon substitutes
The physiology of tendons and the continuous strains experienced daily make tendons very prone to injury. Excessive and prolonged loading forces and aging also contribute to the onset and progression of tendon injuries, and conventional treatments have limited efficacy in restoring tendon biomechanics. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) approaches hold the promise to provide therapeutic solutions for injured or damaged tendons despite the challenging cues of tendon niche and the lack of tendon-specific factors to guide cellular responses and tackle regeneration. The roots of engineering tendon substitutes lay in multifactorial approaches from adequate stem cells sources and environmental stimuli to the construction of multiscale 3D scaffolding systems.
To achieve such advanced tendon substitutes, incremental strategies have been pursued to more closely recreate the native tendon requirements providing structural as well as physical and chemical cues combined with biochemical and mechanical stimuli to instruct cell behavior in 3D architectures, pursuing mechanically competent constructs with adequate maturation before implantation.Authors acknowledge the project âAccelerating tissue engineering and personalized medicine discoveries by the integration of key enabling nanotechnologies, marinederived biomaterials and stem cells,â supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European
Regional Development Fund (ERDF).
Authors acknowledge the H2020 Achilles Twinning Project No. 810850, and also the European
Research Council CoG MagTendon No. 772817, and the FCT Project MagTT PTDC/CTM-CTM/
29930/2017 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-29930
Azimuthal Charged-Particle Correlations and Possible Local Strong Parity Violation
Parity-odd domains, corresponding to nontrivial topological solutions of the QCD vacuum, might be created during relativistic heavy-ion collisions. These domains are predicted to lead to charge separation of quarks along the systemâs orbital momentum axis. We investigate a three-particle azimuthal correlator which is a P even observable, but directly sensitive to the charge separation effect. We report measurements of charged hadrons near center-of-mass rapidity with this observable in Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at âsNN=200ââGeV using the STAR detector. A signal consistent with several expectations from the theory is detected. We discuss possible contributions from other effects that are not related to parity violation
First measurement of the |t|-dependence of coherent J/Ï photonuclear production
The first measurement of the cross section for coherent J/Ï photoproduction as a function of |t|, the square of the momentum transferred between the incoming and outgoing target nucleus, is presented. The data were measured with the ALICE detector in ultra-peripheral PbâPb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair sNN=5.02TeV with the J/Ï produced in the central rapidity region |y|<0.8, which corresponds to the small Bjorken-x range (0.3â1.4)Ă10â3.
The measured |t|-dependence is not described by computations based only on the Pb nuclear form factor, while the photonuclear cross section is better reproduced by models including shadowing according to the leading-twist approximation, or gluon-saturation effects from the impact-parameter dependent BalitskyâKovchegov equation. These new results are therefore a valid tool to constrain the relevant model parameters and to investigate the transverse gluonic structure at very low Bjorken-x.publishedVersio
First measurement of coherent Ï0 photoproduction in ultra-peripheral XeâXe collisions at âsNN = 5.44 TeV
The first measurement of the coherent photoproduction of Ï0 vector mesons in ultra-peripheral XeâXe collisions at sNN=5.44 TeV is presented. This result, together with previous HERA Îłp data and ÎłâPb measurements from ALICE, describes the atomic number (A) dependence of this process, which is particularly sensitive to nuclear shadowing effects and to the approach to the black-disc limit of QCD at a semi-hard scale. The cross section of the Xe+XeâÏ0+Xe+Xe process, measured at midrapidity through the decay channel Ï0âÏ+Ïâ, is found to be dÏ/dy=131.5±5.6(stat.)â16.9+17.5(syst.) mb. The ratio of the continuum to resonant contributions for the production of pion pairs is also measured. In addition, the fraction of events accompanied by electromagnetic dissociation of either one or both colliding nuclei is reported. The dependence on A of cross section for the coherent Ï0 photoproduction at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon of the ÎłA system of WÎłA,n=65 GeV is found to be consistent with a power-law behaviour Ï(ÎłAâÏ0A)âAα with a slope α=0.96±0.02(syst.). This slope signals important shadowing effects, but it is still far from the behaviour expected in the black-disc limit.publishedVersio
Standard model contribution to the electric dipole moment of the deuteron, 3H, and 3He nuclei
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