513 research outputs found
Increased mortality from somatic multimorbidity in patients with schizophrenia:a Danish nationwide cohort study
Dissecting Allele Architecture of Early Onset IBD Using High-Density Genotyping
BACKGROUND: The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are common, complex disorders in which genetic and environmental factors are believed to interact leading to chronic inflammatory responses against the gut microbiota. Earlier genetic studies performed in mostly adult population of European descent identified 163 loci affecting IBD risk, but most have relatively modest effect sizes, and altogether explain only ~20% of the genetic susceptibility. Pediatric onset represents about 25% of overall incident cases in IBD, characterized by distinct disease physiology, course and risks. The goal of this study is to compare the allelic architecture of early onset IBD with adult onset in population of European descent. METHODS: We performed a fine mapping association study of early onset IBD using high-density Immunochip genotyping on 1008 pediatric-onset IBD cases (801 Crohn\u27s disease; 121 ulcerative colitis and 86 IBD undetermined) and 1633 healthy controls. Of the 158 SNP genotypes obtained (out of the 163 identified in adult onset), this study replicated 4% (5 SNPs out of 136) of the SNPs identified in the Crohn\u27s disease (CD) cases and 0.8% (1 SNP out of 128) in the ulcerative colitis (UC) cases. Replicated SNPs implicated the well known NOD2 and IL23R. The point estimate for the odds ratio (ORs) for NOD2 was above and outside the confidence intervals reported in adult onset. A polygenic liability score weakly predicted the age of onset for a larger collection of CD cases (p\u3c 0.03, R2= 0.007), but not for the smaller number of UC cases. CONCLUSIONS: The allelic architecture of common susceptibility variants for early onset IBD is similar to that of adult onset. This immunochip genotyping study failed to identify additional common variants that may explain the distinct phenotype that characterize early onset IBD. A comprehensive dissection of genetic loci is necessary to further characterize the genetic architecture of early onset IBD
Cell Spatial Analysis in Crohn's Disease: Unveiling Local Cell Arrangement Pattern with Graph-based Signatures
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory condition that
affects segments of the gastrointestinal tract. CD activity is determined by
histological findings, particularly the density of neutrophils observed on
Hematoxylin and Eosin stains (H&E) imaging. However, understanding the broader
morphometry and local cell arrangement beyond cell counting and tissue
morphology remains challenging. To address this, we characterize six distinct
cell types from H&E images and develop a novel approach for the local spatial
signature of each cell. Specifically, we create a 10-cell neighborhood matrix,
representing neighboring cell arrangements for each individual cell. Utilizing
t-SNE for non-linear spatial projection in scatter-plot and Kernel Density
Estimation contour-plot formats, our study examines patterns of differences in
the cellular environment associated with the odds ratio of spatial patterns
between active CD and control groups. This analysis is based on data collected
at the two research institutes. The findings reveal heterogeneous
nearest-neighbor patterns, signifying distinct tendencies of cell clustering,
with a particular focus on the rectum region. These variations underscore the
impact of data heterogeneity on cell spatial arrangements in CD patients.
Moreover, the spatial distribution disparities between the two research sites
highlight the significance of collaborative efforts among healthcare
organizations. All research analysis pipeline tools are available at
https://github.com/MASILab/cellNN.Comment: Submitted to SPIE Medical Imaging. San Diego, CA. February 202
Radiation Tolerance of SiGe BiCMOS Monolithic Silicon Pixel Detectors without Internal Gain Layer
A monolithic silicon pixel prototype produced for the MONOLITH ERC Advanced
project was irradiated with 70 MeV protons up to a fluence of 1 x 10^16 1 MeV
n_eq/cm^2. The ASIC contains a matrix of hexagonal pixels with 100 {\mu}m
pitch, readout by low-noise and very fast SiGe HBT frontend electronics. Wafers
with 50 {\mu}m thick epilayer with a resistivity of 350 {\Omega}cm were used to
produce a fully depleted sensor. Laboratory tests conducted with a 90Sr source
show that the detector works satisfactorily after irradiation. The
signal-to-noise ratio is not seen to change up to fluence of 6 x 10^14 n_eq
/cm^2 . The signal time jitter was estimated as the ratio between the voltage
noise and the signal slope at threshold. At -35 {^\circ}C, sensor bias voltage
of 200 V and frontend power consumption of 0.9 W/cm^2, the time jitter of the
most-probable signal amplitude was estimated to be 21 ps for proton fluence up
to 6 x 10 n_eq/cm^2 and 57 ps at 1 x 10^16 n_eq/cm^2 . Increasing the sensor
bias to 250 V and the analog voltage of the preamplifier from 1.8 to 2.0 V
provides a time jitter of 40 ps at 1 x 10^16 n_eq/cm^2.Comment: Submitted to JINS
Technical Design Report for the PANDA Solenoid and Dipole Spectrometer Magnets
This document is the Technical Design Report covering the two large
spectrometer magnets of the PANDA detector set-up. It shows the conceptual
design of the magnets and their anticipated performance. It precedes the tender
and procurement of the magnets and, hence, is subject to possible modifications
arising during this process.Comment: 10 pages, 14MB, accepted by FAIR STI in May 2009, editors: Inti
Lehmann (chair), Andrea Bersani, Yuri Lobanov, Jost Luehning, Jerzy Smyrski,
Technical Coordiantor: Lars Schmitt, Bernd Lewandowski (deputy),
Spokespersons: Ulrich Wiedner, Paola Gianotti (deputy
Charge separation relative to the reaction plane in Pb-Pb collisions at TeV
Measurements of charge dependent azimuthal correlations with the ALICE
detector at the LHC are reported for Pb-Pb collisions at TeV. Two- and three-particle charge-dependent azimuthal correlations in
the pseudo-rapidity range are presented as a function of the
collision centrality, particle separation in pseudo-rapidity, and transverse
momentum. A clear signal compatible with a charge-dependent separation relative
to the reaction plane is observed, which shows little or no collision energy
dependence when compared to measurements at RHIC energies. This provides a new
insight for understanding the nature of the charge dependent azimuthal
correlations observed at RHIC and LHC energies.Comment: 12 pages, 3 captioned figures, authors from page 2 to 6, published
version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/286
A note on comonotonicity and positivity of the control components of decoupled quadratic FBSDE
In this small note we are concerned with the solution of Forward-Backward
Stochastic Differential Equations (FBSDE) with drivers that grow quadratically
in the control component (quadratic growth FBSDE or qgFBSDE). The main theorem
is a comparison result that allows comparing componentwise the signs of the
control processes of two different qgFBSDE. As a byproduct one obtains
conditions that allow establishing the positivity of the control process.Comment: accepted for publicatio
Multiplicity dependence of jet-like two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at = 5.02 TeV
Two-particle angular correlations between unidentified charged trigger and
associated particles are measured by the ALICE detector in p-Pb collisions at a
nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The transverse-momentum
range 0.7 5.0 GeV/ is examined,
to include correlations induced by jets originating from low
momen\-tum-transfer scatterings (minijets). The correlations expressed as
associated yield per trigger particle are obtained in the pseudorapidity range
. The near-side long-range pseudorapidity correlations observed in
high-multiplicity p-Pb collisions are subtracted from both near-side
short-range and away-side correlations in order to remove the non-jet-like
components. The yields in the jet-like peaks are found to be invariant with
event multiplicity with the exception of events with low multiplicity. This
invariance is consistent with the particles being produced via the incoherent
fragmentation of multiple parton--parton scatterings, while the yield related
to the previously observed ridge structures is not jet-related. The number of
uncorrelated sources of particle production is found to increase linearly with
multiplicity, suggesting no saturation of the number of multi-parton
interactions even in the highest multiplicity p-Pb collisions. Further, the
number scales in the intermediate multiplicity region with the number of binary
nucleon-nucleon collisions estimated with a Glauber Monte-Carlo simulation.Comment: 23 pages, 6 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 17,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/161
Charge collection properties of TowerJazz 180 nm CMOS Pixel Sensors in dependence of pixel geometries and bias parameters, studied using a dedicated test-vehicle: the Investigator chip
This paper contains a compilation of parameters influencing the charge
collection process extracted from a comprehensive study of partially depleted
Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors with small (<25 um) collection electrodes
fabricated in the TowerJazz 180 nm CMOS process. These results gave guidance
for the optimisation of the diode implemented in ALPIDE, the chip used in the
second generation Inner Tracking System of ALICE, and serve as reference for
future simulation studies of similar devices. The studied parameters include:
reverse substrate bias, epitaxial layer thickness, charge collection electrode
size and the spacing of the electrode to surrounding in-pixel electronics. The
results from pixels of 28 um pitch confirm that even in partially depleted
circuits, charge collection can be fast (<10 ns), and quantify the influence of
the parameters onto the signal sharing and amplitudes, highlighting the
importance of a correct spacing between wells and of the impact of the reverse
substrate bias
Centrality dependence of charged particle production at large transverse momentum in Pb-Pb collisions at TeV
The inclusive transverse momentum () distributions of primary
charged particles are measured in the pseudo-rapidity range as a
function of event centrality in Pb-Pb collisions at
TeV with ALICE at the LHC. The data are presented in the range
GeV/ for nine centrality intervals from 70-80% to 0-5%.
The Pb-Pb spectra are presented in terms of the nuclear modification factor
using a pp reference spectrum measured at the same collision
energy. We observe that the suppression of high- particles strongly
depends on event centrality. In central collisions (0-5%) the yield is most
suppressed with at -7 GeV/. Above
GeV/, there is a significant rise in the nuclear modification
factor, which reaches for GeV/. In
peripheral collisions (70-80%), the suppression is weaker with almost independently of . The measured nuclear
modification factors are compared to other measurements and model calculations.Comment: 17 pages, 4 captioned figures, 2 tables, authors from page 12,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/284
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