The Pure Virtual Braid Group Is Quadratic

If an augmented algebra K over Q is filtered by powers of its augmentation ideal I, the associated graded algebra grK need not in general be quadratic: although it is generated in degree 1, its relations may not be generated by homogeneous relations of degree 2. In this paper we give a sufficient criterion (called the PVH Criterion) for grK to be quadratic. When K is the group algebra of a group G, quadraticity is known to be equivalent to the existence of a (not necessarily homomorphic) universal finite type invariant for G. Thus the PVH Criterion also implies the existence of such a universal finite type invariant for the group G. We apply the PVH Criterion to the group algebra of the pure virtual braid group (also known as the quasi-triangular group), and show that the corresponding associated graded algebra is quadratic, and hence that these groups have a (not necessarily homomorphic) universal finite type invariant.Comment: 53 pages, 15 figures. Some clarifications added and inaccuracies corrected, reflecting suggestions made by the referee of the published version of the pape

Literature-based discovery of diabetes- and ROS-related targets

Abstract Background Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known mediators of cellular damage in multiple diseases including diabetic complications. Despite its importance, no comprehensive database is currently available for the genes associated with ROS. Methods We present ROS- and diabetes-related targets (genes/proteins) collected from the biomedical literature through a text mining technology. A web-based literature mining tool, SciMiner, was applied to 1,154 biomedical papers indexed with diabetes and ROS by PubMed to identify relevant targets. Over-represented targets in the ROS-diabetes literature were obtained through comparisons against randomly selected literature. The expression levels of nine genes, selected from the top ranked ROS-diabetes set, were measured in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of diabetic and non-diabetic DBA/2J mice in order to evaluate the biological relevance of literature-derived targets in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. Results SciMiner identified 1,026 ROS- and diabetes-related targets from the 1,154 biomedical papers (http://jdrf.neurology.med.umich.edu/ROSDiabetes/). Fifty-three targets were significantly over-represented in the ROS-diabetes literature compared to randomly selected literature. These over-represented targets included well-known members of the oxidative stress response including catalase, the NADPH oxidase family, and the superoxide dismutase family of proteins. Eight of the nine selected genes exhibited significant differential expression between diabetic and non-diabetic mice. For six genes, the direction of expression change in diabetes paralleled enhanced oxidative stress in the DRG. Conclusions Literature mining compiled ROS-diabetes related targets from the biomedical literature and led us to evaluate the biological relevance of selected targets in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78315/1/1755-8794-3-49.xmlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78315/2/1755-8794-3-49-S7.XLShttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78315/3/1755-8794-3-49-S10.XLShttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78315/4/1755-8794-3-49-S8.XLShttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78315/5/1755-8794-3-49-S3.XLShttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78315/6/1755-8794-3-49-S1.XLShttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78315/7/1755-8794-3-49-S4.XLShttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78315/8/1755-8794-3-49-S2.XLShttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78315/9/1755-8794-3-49-S12.XLShttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78315/10/1755-8794-3-49-S11.XLShttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78315/11/1755-8794-3-49-S9.XLShttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78315/12/1755-8794-3-49-S5.XLShttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78315/13/1755-8794-3-49-S6.XLShttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78315/14/1755-8794-3-49.pdfPeer Reviewe

Reduced phosphorylation of brain insulin receptor substrate and Akt proteins in apolipoprotein-E4 targeted replacement mice

10.1038/srep03754Scientific Reports4

Psychological characteristics of aggressors of young couple

[EN] Violence against women in relationships young people has become in recent years a public health problem of major social. This article, with a view to the prevention, seeks to address the psychological characteristics of the perpetrator of pair in young relations. An initial review of the personality features investigated in previous studies and their influence on violent behaviour was carried out. Following this, an empirical study on a sample of young people was performed. Methods: We conducted a study with 100 young people of Valencia. Of these, 50 are young offenders and 50 couple, young students of compulsory secondary education. Data are obtained and analyzed psychological characteristics differences between groups. Results: The study conducted shows that in general, young offenders have one hand high scores on neuroticism, impulsivity, external locus of control, psychoticism and antisocial behavior. Furthermore show low scores on self-control, empathy, selfesteem and frustration tolerance Conclusions: The results of this paper make it abundantly clear that violence in young relationships is important enough to be considered from different sectors of society and justifies the need to develop and implement prevention programs adapted adolescents and their characteristics.[ES] La violencia contra la mujer en relaciones de pareja jóvenes se ha convertido en los últimos tiempos en un problema de salud pública de gran envergadura social. Este artículo, de cara a la prevención, trata de abordar las características psicológicas del agresor en parejas jóvenes. En primer lugar se hace una revisión de las características de personalidad investigadas en estudios previos y su influencia en el comportamiento violento. Después se aportan datos de un estudio empírico realizado por nuestro equipo de investigación con una muestra de jóvenes de la Comunidad Valenciana. Método: El estudio llevado a cabo cuenta con 100 jóvenes de la Comunidad Valenciana. De ellos, 50 son jóvenes agresores de pareja y otros 50, jóvenes estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Se obtienen datos de características psicológicas y se analizan las diferencias entre ambos grupos. Resultados: Los datos muestran que generalmente, los jóvenes agresores presentan puntuaciones elevadas en neuroticismo, impulsividad, locus de control externo, psicoticismo, conducta antisocial y puntuaciones bajas en autocontrol, empatía, autoestima y tolerancia a la frustración. Conclusiones: Los resultados del presente trabajo dejan muy claro que la violencia en relaciones de pareja jóvenes tiene la suficiente importancia como para ser tenida en cuenta desde los diferentes sectores de la sociedad y se justifica la necesidad de elaborar y poner en práctica programas de prevención adaptados a los adolescentes y a sus características peculiaresHernández Jiménez, MJ. (2014). Características psicológicas de los agresores de pareja jóvenes. Revista sobre la infancia y la adolescencia. (7):14-95. doi:10.4995/reinad.2014.3338.SWORD14957García-Vega, E., Menéndez, E., García, P. y Rico, R. (2010) Influencia del sexo y del género en el comportamiento sexual de una población adolescente. Psicothema, 22 (4), 606-612.Goetz, A. (2010) The evolutionary psychology of violence. Psicothema, 22 (1), 15-21.González, Mª P., Mu-oz-Rivas, M. y Gra-a, J. L. (2003) Violencia en las relaciones de pareja en adolescentes y jóvenes: Una revisión. Psicopatología Clínica Legal y Forense, 3, 23-39.González, Mª P., Mu-oz-Rivas, M, Pe-a, Mª E. y Gámez, M. (2007) Análisis de las conductas agresivas en las relaciones de noviazgo en una muestra juvenil de la comunidad autónoma de Madrid. Psicopatología Clínica, Legal y Forense, 7, 97-111.Guerrero, R. (2008) Youth violence prevention, what works? Salud Pública de México, 50 (1), 586-92.Hernando, A. (2007) La prevención de la violencia de género en adolescentes. Una experiencia en el ámbito educativo. Apuntes de Psicología, 25 (3), 325-340.Herrman, J.W. (2009) There's a fine line…adolescent dating violence and prevention. Pediatric nursing, 35 (3), 164-70.Hester, M., Pearson, C., y Harwin, N. (2000) Making an impact: Children and domestic violence: A reader. London: Jessica Kingsley Publications.Klinteberg, B., Johansson, S. E., Gabono, C. y Alm, P. O. (2008) Projective risk variables in early adolescence and subsequent disinhibitory psychopathology. Violence and victims, 31 (3), 210-218.Labrador, F. J., Fernández-Velasco, R. y Rincón, P. (2010) Características psicopatológicas de mujeres víctimas de violencia de pareja. Psicothema, 22 (1), 99-105.Lavoie, F., Hébert, M., Tremblay, R., Vitaron, F., Vézina, L. y McDuff, P. (2002) History of family dysfunction and perpetration of dating violence by adolescent boys: a longitudinal study. Violence and victims, 30 (5), 375-83.Leichsenring, F., Kunst, H. y Hoyer, J. (2003). Bordeline personality organization in violent offenders : correlations of identity diffusion and primitive defense mechanisms with antisocial features, neuroticism, and interpersonal problems. Journal of Personality, 67 (4), 314-27.Loinaz, I., Echeburúa, E. y Torrubia, R. (2010) Tipología de agresores contra la pareja en prisión. Psicothema, 22, 1, 106-111.Meras, A. (2003) Prevención de la violencia de género en adolescentes. Estudios de Juventud, 02/03, 143-150.Minutolo, G., Cannavo, D., Petralia, A., Gandolfo, L., Palermo, F., y Aguglia, E. (2010) The aggression in SPDC: an observational study. Preliminary data. Violence an victims, 45 (6), 374-381.Moreno, B. Morante, M. E., Rodríguez, R. y Rodríguez, A. (2008) Resistencia y vulnerabilidad ante el trauma. El efecto moderador de las variables de personalidad. Psicothema, 20 (1), 124-130.Mu-oz- Rivas, M. J., Gámez-Guadix, M., Gra-a, J. L. y Fernández, L. (2010) Relationship between dating violence and use of alcohol and ilegal drugs in Spanish adolescents and Young adults. Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs, 22, 2, 125-133.Mu-oz-Rivas, M.J., Gra-a, J.L., O'Leary K.D., y González M. P. (2007) Physical and psychological aggression in dating relationships in Spanish university students. Psicothema, 19 (1), 102-107.Mu-oz-Ribas, M, Gra-a, J. L., O'Leary, D. y González, Pilar. (2009) Prevalence and predictors of sexual aggression in dating relationships of adolescents and Young adults. Psicothema, 21 (2), 234-240.Murray, J. y Farrington, D.P. (2010) Risk factors for conduct disorder and delinquency: key findings from longitudinal studies. Violence and victims, 55 (10), 633-642.O'Keeffe, N.K., Brackopp, K. y Chew, E. (1986) Teen dating violence. Social Work, 31, 463-468.Redondo, S. y Garrido, V. (2008) Efficacy of a psychological treatment for sex offenders. Psicothema, 20 (1), 4-9.Reichard, B. (2009) Domestic violence and introversion. Psychology. Missouri Western State University.Rodríguez, L., López-Cepero, J. y Rodríguez, F. J. (2009) Violencia doméstica: una revisión bibliográfica y bibliométrica. Psicothema, 21 (2), 248-254.Rodríguez, L., antu-a, A., López-Cepero, J., Rodríguez, F.J. y Bringas, C. (2012) Tolerance towards dating violence in Sapanish adolescents. Psicothema, 24, 236-242.Rothman, E. F., Stuart, G. L., Greenbaum, P. E., Heeren, T., Bowen, D. J., Vinci, R., Baughman, A. L. Y Bernstein, J. (2011) Drinking style and dating violence in a sample of urba, alcohol-using youth. Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs, 72 (4), 555-66.Stets, J. E., y Straus, M. A. (1990) Gender differences in reporting marital violence and its medical and psychological consequences. In Straus, M. A. y Gelles, R. J. (Eds.) Physical violence in American families: Risk factors and adaptations to violence in 8,145 families (pp. 151-166). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.Straus, M.A. y Savage, S.A. (2005) Neglectful behavior by parents in the life history of university students in 17 countries and its relation to violence against dating partners. Child Maltreatment, Journal of the American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children, 10 (2), 124-135.Sullivan, T. N., Farrell, A. D., Bettencourt, A. F. y Helms, S. W. (2008) Core competencies and the prevention of youth violence. Violence and victims, 122, 33-46.Temple, J. R., y Freeman, D. H. (2011) Dating violence and substance use among ethnically diverse adolescents. American Journal of disaster medicine, 26 (4), 701-18.Tontodonato, P. y Crew, B. (1992) Dating violence, social learning theory, and gender: A multivariate analysis. Violence and Victims, 7, 3-14.Vázquez, F., Torres, A., Otero, P., Blanco, V. y López, M. (2010) Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de la violencia contra la mujer en estudiantes universitarias espa-olas. Pshicotema, 22 (2), 196-201.Viejo, C., Sanchez, V. Y Ortega, R. (2013) The importance of adolescent dating relationships. Psicothema, 25 (1), 43-48.Vi-as, F., gonzález, M., García, Y., Jane, M. y Casas, F. (2012) Comportamiento perturbador en la adolescencia y su relación con el temperamento y los estilos de afrontamiento. Psicothema, 24, 567-572

Production of phi mesons at mid-rapidity in sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC

We present the first results of meson production in the K^+K^- decay channel from Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV as measured at mid-rapidity by the PHENIX detector at RHIC. Precision resonance centroid and width values are extracted as a function of collision centrality. No significant variation from the PDG accepted values is observed. The transverse mass spectra are fitted with a linear exponential function for which the derived inverse slope parameter is seen to be constant as a function of centrality. These data are also fitted by a hydrodynamic model with the result that the freeze-out temperature and the expansion velocity values are consistent with the values previously derived from fitting single hadron inclusive data. As a function of transverse momentum the collisions scaled peripheral.to.central yield ratio RCP for the is comparable to that of pions rather than that of protons. This result lends support to theoretical models which distinguish between baryons and mesons instead of particle mass for explaining the anomalous proton yield.Comment: 326 authors, 24 pages text, 23 figures, 6 tables, RevTeX 4. To be submitted to Physical Review C as a regular article. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm

Measurement of the branching fraction and CP content for the decay B(0) -> D(*+)D(*-)

This is the pre-print version of the Article. The official published version can be accessed from the links below. Copyright @ 2002 APS.We report a measurement of the branching fraction of the decay B0→D*+D*- and of the CP-odd component of its final state using the BABAR detector. With data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.4  fb-1 collected at the Υ(4S) resonance during 1999–2000, we have reconstructed 38 candidate signal events in the mode B0→D*+D*- with an estimated background of 6.2±0.5 events. From these events, we determine the branching fraction to be B(B0→D*+D*-)=[8.3±1.6(stat)±1.2(syst)]×10-4. The measured CP-odd fraction of the final state is 0.22±0.18(stat)±0.03(syst).This work is supported by DOE and NSF (USA), NSERC (Canada), IHEP (China), CEA and CNRS-IN2P3 (France), BMBF (Germany), INFN (Italy), NFR (Norway), MIST (Russia), and PPARC (United Kingdom). Individuals have received support from the A.P. Sloan Foundation, Research Corporation, and Alexander von Humboldt Foundation

Measurement of D-s(+) and D-s(*+) production in B meson decays and from continuum e(+)e(-) annihilation at √s=10.6 GeV

This is the pre-print version of the Article. The official published version can be accessed from the links below. Copyright @ 2002 APSNew measurements of Ds+ and Ds*+ meson production rates from B decays and from qq̅ continuum events near the Υ(4S) resonance are presented. Using 20.8 fb-1 of data on the Υ(4S) resonance and 2.6 fb-1 off-resonance, we find the inclusive branching fractions B(B⃗Ds+X)=(10.93±0.19±0.58±2.73)% and B(B⃗Ds*+X)=(7.9±0.8±0.7±2.0)%, where the first error is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is due to the Ds+→φπ+ branching fraction uncertainty. The production cross sections σ(e+e-→Ds+X)×B(Ds+→φπ+)=7.55±0.20±0.34pb and σ(e+e-→Ds*±X)×B(Ds+→φπ+)=5.8±0.7±0.5pb are measured at center-of-mass energies about 40 MeV below the Υ(4S) mass. The branching fractions ΣB(B⃗Ds(*)+D(*))=(5.07±0.14±0.30±1.27)% and ΣB(B⃗Ds*+D(*))=(4.1±0.2±0.4±1.0)% are determined from the Ds(*)+ momentum spectra. The mass difference m(Ds+)-m(D+)=98.4±0.1±0.3MeV/c2 is also measured.This work was supported by DOE and NSF (USA), NSERC (Canada), IHEP (China), CEA and CNRS-IN2P3 (France), BMBF (Germany), INFN (Italy), NFR (Norway), MIST (Russia), and PPARC (United Kingdom). Individuals have received support from the Swiss NSF, A. P. Sloan Foundation, Research Corporation, and Alexander von Humboldt Foundation

Evidence for the h_b(1P) meson in the decay Upsilon(3S) --> pi0 h_b(1P)

Using a sample of 122 million Upsilon(3S) events recorded with the BaBar detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e+e- collider at SLAC, we search for the $h_b(1P)$ spin-singlet partner of the P-wave chi_{bJ}(1P) states in the sequential decay Upsilon(3S) --> pi0 h_b(1P), h_b(1P) --> gamma eta_b(1S). We observe an excess of events above background in the distribution of the recoil mass against the pi0 at mass 9902 +/- 4(stat.) +/- 2(syst.) MeV/c^2. The width of the observed signal is consistent with experimental resolution, and its significance is 3.1sigma, including systematic uncertainties. We obtain the value (4.3 +/- 1.1(stat.) +/- 0.9(syst.)) x 10^{-4} for the product branching fraction BF(Upsilon(3S)-->pi0 h_b) x BF(h_b-->gamma eta_b).Comment: 8 pages, 4 postscript figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D (Rapid Communications

A new species of cosmocercoides (Nematoda; cosmocercidae) and other helminths in leptodactylus latrans (anura; leptodactylidae) from Argentina

Cosmocercoides latrans n. sp. (Cosmocercidae) from the small intestine of Leptodactylus latrans (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from Northeastern Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina is described. The new species can be distinguished from their congeners by a combination of the characters, among which stands out the number of rosette papillae, the lack of gubernaculum and the presence of lateral alae in both sexes. There are over 20 species in the genus Cosmocercoides, and Cosmocercoides latrans n. sp. represents the third species from the Neotropical realm and the second for Argentina. Additionally, seven previously known taxa are reported; Pseudoacanthocephalus cf. lutzi, Catadiscus uruguayensis, Rauschiella palmipedis, Aplectana hylambatis, Cosmocerca parva, Schrankiana sp. and Rhabdias elegans; providing literature records and information on distribution and host-parasite relationships.Fil: Draghi, Regina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Zoología Invertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Drago, Fabiana Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Zoología Invertebrados; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Lunaschi, Lía Inés. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Zoología Invertebrados; Argentin