Terceiro Mundo - Conceito e História

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Tercerio Mundo e a Nova Ordem Internacional

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EFSA BIOHAZ Panel (EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards), 2013. Scientific Opinion on the public health hazards to be covered by inspection of meat (bovine animals).

A risk ranking process identified Salmonella spp. and pathogenic verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) as current high-priority biological hazards for meat inspection of bovine animals. As these hazards are not detected by traditional meat inspection, a meat safety assurance system for the farm-to-chilled carcass continuum using a risk-based approach was proposed. Key elements of the system are risk-categorisation of slaughter animals for high-priority biological hazards based on improved food chain information, as well as risk-categorisation of slaughterhouses according to their capability to control those hazards. Omission of palpation and incision during post-mortem inspection for animals subjected to routine slaughter may decrease spreading and cross-contamination with the high-priority biological hazards. For chemical hazards, dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls were ranked as being of high potential concern; all other substances were ranked as of medium or lower concern. Monitoring programmes for chemical hazards should be more flexible and based on the risk of occurrence, taking into account the completeness and quality of the food chain information supplied and the ranking of chemical substances, which should be regularly updated to include new hazards. Control programmes across the food chain, national residue control programmes, feed control and monitoring of environmental contaminants should be better integrated. Meat inspection is a valuable tool for surveillance and monitoring of animal health and welfare conditions. Omission of palpation and incision would reduce detection effectiveness for bovine tuberculosis and would have a negative impact on the overall surveillance system especially in officially tuberculosis free countries. The detection effectiveness for bovine cysticercosis, already low with the current meat inspection system, would result in a further decrease, if palpation and incision are removed. Extended use of food chain information could compensate for some, but not all, the information on animal health and welfare lost if only visual post-mortem inspection is applied

Terceiro Mundo - Conceito e História

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Control of the illegal use of clenbuterol in bovine production

This study is based on a plan of collecting different matrices (hair, eye, muscle, liver and kidney) in order to define a strategy for the control of the illegal use of clenbuterol in bovine production. Of all matrices utilised, hair is recommended for the analytical control of clenbuterol in living animals, due to its being permanently available and easy to collect. The eye, or rather the retina, is the matrix which gives the most trustworthy result, after the animal slaughter, and the one that best helps in the determination of the illegal use of clenbuterol in a perspective of gradual food safety improvement.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TGX-487KS9W-1/1/a2e3907888615efd8c5cc06f89154d2

Production of “in house” reference materials for ELISA screening of bovine urine and liver samples for clenbuterol

Abstrac

Clenbuterol Storage Stability in the Bovine Urine and Liver Samples Used for European Official Control in the Azores Islands (Portugal)

Clenbuterol is a well-known growth promoter, illegally used in farm animals, especially in cattle. Samples collected for the screening of β2-agonist residues in Portuguese Azores Islands must travel through all the nine islands until they reach Azores Central Laboratory. If any suspicious sample is detected, it must be further transported to the National Reference Laboratory in Lisbon for confirmation. As a consequence of these circumstances, samples are submitted to different transport and storage times, as well as different temperature conditions and in some cases successive freezing and thawing cycles. As clenbuterol is the most detected β2-agonist growth promoter in the Portuguese Residue Monitoring Plan, studies were conducted on the stability of this compound in incurred samples (bovine liver and urine) at +4, −20 and −60 °C over time. Samples kept at −20 °C were also analyzed over time after successive freezing and thawing cycles. The analyses of clenbuterol over time were performed by gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC−MS) with selected ion monitoring (SIM). Clenbuterol in incurred urine and liver samples was significantly stable up to 20 weeks at −20 and −60 °C and after, at least, six consecutive freezings and thawings. At +4 °C, clenbuterol remained stable, at least until 12 weeks in urine and up to 20 weeks in liver