13 research outputs found
Bioprospection of cellulolytic and lipolytic South Atlantic deep-sea bacteria
Background: Cellulases and lipases have broad industrial application,
which calls for an urgent exploration of microorganisms from extreme
environments as valuable source of commercial enzyme. In this context,
the present work describes the bioprospection and identification of
deep-sea bacteria that produce cellulases and lipases, as well their
optimal temperature of activity. Results: The first step of this study
was the screening of cellulolytic and lipolytic deep-sea bacteria from
sediment and water column, which was conducted with substrates linked
with 4-Methylumbelliferyl. Among the 161 strains evaluated, 40 were
cellulolytic, 23 were lipolytic and 5 exhibited both activities.
Cellulolytic and lipolytic bacteria are more common in sediment than at
the water column. Based on the ability to produce cellulases and
lipases three isolates were selected and identified (16S rRNA
sequencing) as Bacillus stratosphericus , B. aerophilus and B.
pumilus . Lipases of strain B. aerophilus LAMA 582 exhibited activity
at a wide temperature range (4\uba to 37\ubaC) and include
psychrophilic behaviour. Strain Bacillus stratosphericus LAMA 585 can
growth in a rich (Luria Bertani) and minimal (Marine Minimal) medium,
and does not need an inducer to produce its mesophilic cellulases and
lipases. Conclusions: Deepsea sediments have great potential for
bioprospection of cellulase and lipase-producing bacteria. The strains
LAMA 582 and LAMA 585 with their special features, exhibit a great
potential to application at many biotechnology process
Evidence for CP violation in time-integrated D0 -> h-h+ decay rates
A search for time-integrated CP violation in D0 -> h-h+ (h=K, pi) decays is
presented using 0.62 fb^-1 of data collected by LHCb in 2011. The flavor of the
charm meson is determined by the charge of the slow pion in the D*+ -> D0 pi+
and D*- -> D0bar pi- decay chains. The difference in CP asymmetry between D0 ->
K-K+ and D0 -> pi-pi+, Delta ACP = ACP(K-K+) - ACP(pi-pi+), is measured to be
[-0.82 \pm 0.21(stat.) \pm 0.11(syst.)]%. This differs from the hypothesis of
CP conservation by 3.5 standard deviations.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables; v2 minor updates after journal revie
Ethnic ancestry and smoking, farming of wine grapes in semiarid regions, and the potentials of Manihot multifida in medicine use
Long-Lived Charge Separation in Novel Axial Donor-Porphyrin-Acceptor Triads Based on Tetrathiafulvalene, Aluminum(III) Porphyrin and Naphthalenediimide
Nitric oxide, oxidants, and protein tyrosine nitration
The occurrence of protein tyrosine nitration under disease conditions is now firmly established and represents a shift from the signal transducing physiological actions of (•)NO to oxidative and potentially pathogenic pathways. Tyrosine nitration is mediated by reactive nitrogen species such as peroxynitrite anion (ONOO(–)) and nitrogen dioxide ((•)NO(2)), formed as secondary products of (•)NO metabolism in the presence of oxidants including superoxide radicals ([Formula: see text]), hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), and transition metal centers. The precise interplay between (•)NO and oxidants and the identification of the proximal intermediate(s) responsible for nitration in vivo have been under controversy. Despite the capacity of peroxynitrite to mediate tyrosine nitration in vitro, its role on nitration in vivo has been questioned, and alternative pathways, including the nitrite/H(2)O(2)/hemeperoxidase and transition metal-dependent mechanisms, have been proposed. A balanced analysis of existing evidence indicates that (i) different nitration pathways can contribute to tyrosine nitration in vivo, and (ii) most, if not all, nitration pathways involve free radical biochemistry with carbonate radicals ([Formula: see text]) and/or oxo–metal complexes oxidizing tyrosine to tyrosyl radical followed by the diffusion-controlled reaction with (•)NO(2) to yield 3-nitrotyrosine. Although protein tyrosine nitration is a low-yield process in vivo, 3-nitrotyrosine has been revealed as a relevant biomarker of (•)NO-dependent oxidative stress; additionally, site-specific nitration focused on particular protein tyrosines may result in modification of function and promote a biological effect. Tissue distribution and quantitation of protein 3-nitrotyrosine, recognition of the predominant nitration pathways and individual identification of nitrated proteins in disease states open new avenues for the understanding and treatment of human pathologies
Bat rabies in the north-northwestern regions of the state of SĂŁo Paulo, Brazil: 1997-2002 Raiva em morcegos na regiĂŁo norte-noroeste do Estado de SĂŁo Paulo: 1997-2002
OBJECTIVE: Reports on bat rabies in Brazil are sporadic and isolated. This study aimed at describing the detection of rabies virus in bats in the state of SĂŁo Paulo. METHODS: A total of 7,393 bats from 235 municipalities of the north and northwestern areas of the state of SĂŁo Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, were assessed according to their morphological and morphometric characteristics from 1997 to 2002. Fluorescent antibody test and mice inoculation were used for viral identification. RESULTS: Of all samples examined, 1.3% was rabies virus positive, ranging from 0.2% in 1997 to 1.6% in 2001. There were found 98 bats infected, 87 in the urban area. Fluorescent antibody test was detected in 77 positive samples, whereas 92 produced rabies signs in mice; incubation period ranging from 4 to 23 days. In 43 cities at least one rabid bat was observed. The highest proportion (33.7%) of rabies virus was found in Artibeus lituratus. Eptesicus and Myotis were the most frequent positive species (24.5%) of the Vespertilionidae family. The species Molossus molossus and Molossus rufus showed 14.3% positive bats. There were no differences in the distribution of positive rabies between females (33; 48.5%) and males (35; 51.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Rabies-infected bats were found in environments that pose a risk to both human and domestic animal population and there is a need for actions aiming at the control of these species and public education.<br>OBJETIVO: Os relatos sobre a ocorrĂŞncia de raiva em morcegos no Brasil sĂŁo esporádicos e isolados. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi descrever a detecção do vĂrus da raiva em morcegos do Estado de SĂŁo Paulo. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados 7.393 morcegos provenientes de 235 municĂpios do norte e noroeste do Estado de SĂŁo Paulo, no perĂodo de 1997 a 2002 e identificados por meio de caracterĂsticas morfolĂłgicas e morfomĂ©tricas. Para a detecção do antĂgeno viral foi utilizada a tĂ©cnica de imunofluorescĂŞncia direta e o isolamento do vĂrus foi realizado por inoculação em camundongos. RESULTADOS: Das amostras examinadas, 1,3% foram positivas para raiva, com variação de 0,2% em 1997 a 1,6% em 2001. Foram encontrados 98 morcegos com o vĂrus, 87 deles em área urbana. O vĂrus da raiva foi detectado pela imunofluorescĂŞncia direta em 77 do total de amostras positivas, enquanto 92 produziram doença em camundongos inoculados e o perĂodo de incubação variou entre 4-23 dias. Em 43 municĂpios foi encontrado pelo menos um morcego positivo. Entre as espĂ©cies analisadas o vĂrus da raiva foi detectado com maior freqĂĽĂŞncia (33,7%) em Artibeus lituratus. Os vespertilionideos do gĂŞnero Eptesicus e Myotis totalizaram 24,5% dos morcegos positivos e as espĂ©cies do gĂŞnero Molossus (Molossus molossus e Molossus rufus), 14,3%. A distribuição do vĂrus da raiva foi semelhante entre fĂŞmeas (33; 48,5%) e machos (35; 51,5%). CONCLUSĂ•ES: Morcegos positivos para raiva foram encontrados em situações que colocam em risco tanto a população humana como animais de estimação, exigindo medidas voltadas para o manejo destas espĂ©cies e de educação da população
Erratum to "Worldwide comparison of ovarian cancer survival: Histological group and stage at diagnosis (CONCORD-2)" [Gynecol. Oncol. 144 (2017) 396-404]
Objective. Ovarian cancer comprises several histological groups with widely differing levels of survival. We
aimed to explore international variation in survival for each group to help interpret international differences in
survival from all ovarian cancers combined. We also examined differences in stage-specific survival.
Methods. The CONCORD programme is the largest population-based study of global trends in cancer survival,
including data from 60 countries for 695,932 women (aged 15\u201399 years) diagnosed with ovarian cancer during
1995\u20132009. We defined six histological groups: type I epithelial, type II epithelial, germ cell, sex cord-stromal,
other specific non-epithelial and non-specific morphology, and estimated age-standardised 5-year net survival
for each country by histological group. We also analysed data from67 cancer registries for 233,659 women diagnosed
from 2001 to 2009, for whom information on stage at diagnosis was available. We estimated agestandardised
5-year net survival by stage at diagnosis (localised or advanced).
Results. Survival fromtype I epithelial ovarian tumours for women diagnosed during 2005\u201309 ranged from40
to 70%. Survival from type II epithelial tumours was much lower (20\u201345%). Survival fromgermcell tumours was
higher than that of type II epithelial tumours, but also varied widely between countries. Survival for sex-cord
stromal tumours was higher than for the five other groups. Survival from localised tumours was much higher
than for advanced disease (80% vs. 30%).
Conclusions. There is wide variation in survival between histological groups, and stage at diagnosis remains an
important factor in ovarian cancer survival. International comparisons of ovarian cancer survival should incorporate
histology