3,031 research outputs found
When is Enough Good Enough in Gravitational Wave Source Modeling?
A typical approach to developing an analysis algorithm for analyzing
gravitational wave data is to assume a particular waveform and use its
characteristics to formulate a detection criteria. Once a detection has been
made, the algorithm uses those same characteristics to tease out parameter
estimates from a given data set. While an obvious starting point, such an
approach is initiated by assuming a single, correct model for the waveform
regardless of the signal strength, observation length, noise, etc. This paper
introduces the method of Bayesian model selection as a way to select the most
plausible waveform model from a set of models given the data and prior
information. The discussion is done in the scientific context for the proposed
Laser Interferometer Space Antenna.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, proceedings paper for the Sixth International
LISA Symposiu
Scientific reasoning abilities of non-science majors in physics-based courses
We have found that non-STEM majors taking either a conceptual physics or
astronomy course at two regional comprehensive institutions score significantly
lower pre-instruction on the Lawson's Classroom Test of Scientific Reasoning
(LCTSR) in comparison to national average STEM majors. The majority of non-STEM
students can be classified as either concrete operational or transitional
reasoners in Piaget's theory of cognitive development, whereas in the STEM
population formal operational reasoners are far more prevalent. In particular,
non-STEM students demonstrate significant difficulty with proportional and
hypothetico-deductive reasoning. Pre-scores on the LCTSR are correlated with
normalized learning gains on various concept inventories. The correlation is
strongest for content that can be categorized as mostly theoretical, meaning a
lack of directly observable exemplars, and weakest for content categorized as
mostly descriptive, where directly observable exemplars are abundant. Although
the implementation of research-verified, interactive engagement pedagogy can
lead to gains in content knowledge, significant gains in theoretical content
(such as force and energy) are more difficult with non-STEM students. We also
observe no significant gains on the LCTSR without explicit instruction in
scientific reasoning patterns. These results further demonstrate that
differences in student populations are important when comparing normalized
gains on concept inventories, and the achievement of significant gains in
scientific reasoning requires a re-evaluation of the traditional approach to
physics for non-STEM students.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures, 3 table
A Comparative Study of EU and US Trade Policies for Developing Countries: The Case of Agri-Food Products
Trade relations between developed and developing countries are one of the hot topics of the ongoing World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations. The conclusion of the Cotonou Agreement between EU and African, Caribbean and Pacific countries, the introduction of the EU’s Everything But Arms initiative for the least developed countries and the United States’ African Growth and Opportunity Act for 39 African Countries, represents tangible incentives for many developing countries to continue their efforts to open their economies and build free markets. This paper analyzes the trade creating effects of EU and US trade policies as total effect, for agri-food products of developing countries in a gravity model framework. Data refer to a 10 year period: 1996-2005. The findings show larger trade creating effects of EU trade policies, especially for upper-middle income countries. Variation in trade creation, across the years, is not statistically significant, except for the low-income countries.Gross Trade Creation, Agricultural Trade Policy, Developed and Developing Countries, International Relations/Trade,
Slice & Dice: Identifying and Removing Bright Galactic Binaries from LISA Data
Here we describe a hierarchal and iterative data analysis algorithm used for
searching, characterizing, and removing bright, monochromatic binaries from the
Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) data streams. The algorithm uses the
F-statistic to provide an initial solution for individual bright sources,
followed by an iterative least squares fitting for all the bright sources.
Using the above algorithm, referred to as Slice & Dice, we demonstrate the
removal of multiple, correlated galactic binaries from simulated LISA data.
Initial results indicate that Slice & Dice may be a useful tool for analyzing
the forthcoming LISA data.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, proceedings paper for the Sixth International
LISA Symposiu
Event Rate for Extreme Mass Ratio Burst Signals in the LISA Band
Stellar mass compact objects in short period orbits about a
-- solar mass massive black hole (MBH) are thought to be a
significant continuous-wave source of gravitational radiation for the ESA/NASA
Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) gravitational wave detector. However,
these extreme mass-ratio inspiral sources began in long-period, nearly
parabolic orbits that have multiple close encounters with the MBH. The
gravitational radiation emitted during these close encounters may be detectable
by LISA as a gravitational wave burst if the characteristic passage timescale
is less than seconds. Scaling a static, spherical model to the size and
mass of the Milky Way bulge we estimate an event rate of ~ 15 per year for such
burst signals, detectable by LISA with signal-to-noise greater than five,
originating in our galaxy. When extended to include Virgo cluster galaxies our
estimate increases to a gravitational wave burst rate of ~ 18. We conclude that
these extreme mass-ratio burst sources may be a steady and significant source
of gravitational radiation in the LISA data streams.Comment: 4 pages, minor revisions. Accepted for ApJ Letter
Shedding light on the asymmetry: the photon handle
We investigate a charge asymmetry in production at the LHC
that provides complementary information to the measured asymmetries in production. We estimate the experimental uncertainty in its measurement at
the LHC with 8 and 14 TeV. For new physics models that simultaneously reproduce
the asymmetry excess in at the Tevatron and the SM-like asymmetry at
the LHC, the measurement in at the LHC could exhibit
significant deviations with respect to the SM prediction.Comment: LaTeX 15 page
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