Memória e esquecimento de Moisés Bertoni

Anais do XVII Congresso Internacional das Jornadas de Educaão História - teoria, pesquisa e prática - I Encontro da AIPEDH - Associação Iber-Americana de Pesquisadores em Educação História, realizado pela Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, entre 02, 03 e 04 de agosto de 2017.A memória é hoje, tema de interesse vasto e crescente nas áreas sociais e, longe de ser estudada como uma mera condição biológica dá lugar a alternativas tornando-se sinônimo da disciplina de História. A maior parte dos pesquisadores enfatiza que para uma melhor compreensão dos fenômenos humanos e sociais é importante o estudo de conceitos como memória e esquecimento. Le Goff (2003) afirmava que os fenômenos da memória, tanto nos seus aspectos biológicos como nos psicológicos, não são mais do que os resultados de sistemas dinâmicos de organização e apenas existem “na medida em que a organização os mantém ou os reconstitui”UNIOEST

Políticas de recuperação de rios urbanos na cidade de São Paulo: possibilidades e desafios

Este artigo pretende discutir como processos políticos atuantes na cidade de São Paulo criam obstáculos à implantação de políticas de recuperação de rios e córregos urbanos, conferindo especial atenção ao programa de parques lineares. Como uma das diretrizes de seu plano diretor, o município formulou uma política inovadora de recuperação de seus rios e córregos urbanos, com potencial de inaugurar um novo paradigma na gestão dos recursos hídricos na cidade. Entretanto, após quase uma década de sua formulação, essa política ainda parece mais avançada do que a capacidade do poder público para implementá-la. Sua efetividade como política pública urbana e ambiental, visando à construção de uma cidade mais sustentável, depende de um intenso esforço de articulação de ações, desde a promoção e garantia de um debate democrático com os diferentes atores sociais envolvidos, até a implementação de programas intersetoriais, impondo um enorme desafio ao poder público local.

Gobernanza del agua en la ciudad de São Paulo: actores sociales, degradación socioambiental y acciones públicas innovadoras

O padrão de urbanização da cidade de São Paulo resultou na degradação de seus recursos hídricos. O cenário é de córregos contaminados, várzeas ocupadas por favelas, ausência de rede coletora e de tratamento de esgotos. Políticas públicas voltadas à recuperação de rios e córregos urbanos, ainda são tímidas. Esses córregos podem ser importantes prestadores de serviços ecossistêmicos. Este artigo analisa políticas públicas visando a recuperação ambiental de córregos urbanos, enquanto novo paradigma na gestão dos recursos hídricos

El principio de oportunidad para los menores adolescentes participes del conflicto armado

El principio de oportunidad en Colombia, es una excepción al principio de legalidad. Su consagración se realizó a nivel constitucional con el Acto Legislativo 03 de 2002, donde se le dio la facultad discrecional a la Fiscalía General de la Nación, de que aplicará este principio en los eventos en que estrictamente señala la ley. En atención a esa excepcionalidad de este principio, el legislador optó por la adopción de un principio de oportunidad de carácter reglado, con causales de procedibilidad taxativas, a fin de limitar la discrecionalidad del fiscal en su aplicación. La implementación de este principio, se realiza en aras de racionalizar la acción punitiva del Estado y de contribuir con una política criminal encaminada a priorizar los esfuerzos de la jurisdicción penal en los casos que mayor significado tengan desde el punto de vista jurídico y social. La reglamentación de la procedencia de este principio de oportunidad, fue adoptada por el legislador en el año 2004 con el actual Código de Procedimiento Penal, y reformada en el año 2009, mediante la ley 1312 de 2009, que además de modificar las causales ya existentes, amplia las mismas. A la fecha en Colombia existen dieciséis (16) causales de aplicación del principio de oportunidad, cada una orientada a cumplir con el cometido de priorizar la acción penal. En ese sentido, el legislador previó la aplicación del principio de oportunidad en situaciones donde la conducta penal fuera irrelevante como en los delitos de bagatela, cuando ha habido una indemnización integral a la víctima, cuando existe un menor reproche de culpabilidad, cuando existe la extradición, entre otros eventos, que a juicio del Congreso ameritan que el ente acusador, suspenda, interrumpa o renuncia a la acción penal según sea el caso.The principle of opportunity in Colombia is an exception to the principle of legality. Its consecration was carried out at the constitutional level with the Legislative Act 03 of 2002, where the discretion was presented to the Office of the Attorney General of the Nation, the application of this principle in the events in which the law is strictly indicated. In this case, the legislator opted for the adoption of a principle of the opportunity of regular character, with the causes of taxability, and fiscal discretion in its application. The implementation of this principle is done in order to rationalize the action. The regulation of the operation of this principle of opportunity, was adopted by the legislator in 2004 with the current Code of Criminal Procedure, and the reform in 2009, through law 1312 of 2009, which in addition to modifying the causes that they already exist, they expand them. To date in Colombia there are sixteen (16) causes of the application of the principle of opportunity, each time an orientation is fulfilled with the task of prioritizing criminal action. In this sense, the legislator provided for the application of the principle of opportunity in situations where criminal conduct was irrelevant, such as bagatelle crimes, when there has been full compensation to the victim, when there is less blame, when there is extradition , among other events, that in the judgment of the Congress, which was accused, suspended, interrupted or waived the criminal action as the case may be

Production, chemical characterization, and sensory profile of a novel spirit elaborated from spent coffee ground

This study describes a process for the production of a spirit from spent coffee ground (SCG), the chemical composition, and sensory profile of this distillate. The process consisted in three steps starting with the extraction of aroma compounds by hydrothermal treatment of SCG, followed by the fermentation of this extract supplemented with sucrose to ethanol, and the fermented broth distillation. Seventeen volatile compounds were identified in the distillate (including alcohols, esters, aldehydes, and acids), all of them in concentrations able to promote pleasant characteristics to the product. Based on the chemical composition, \SCG\ spirit was considered as having organoleptic quality acceptable for human consumption. Twelve descriptors defined the sensory characteristics of this product, including clarity and brilliance (visual analysis), coffee, roasted, alcohol, elegance and frankly (olfactory analysis), bitter, astringent and pungent (gustatory analysis), and finesse (olfactory and gustatory analyses). Coffee was the most representative aroma by olfactory analysis. Based on the sensory analysis, \SCG\ spirit was considered as having features of a pleasant beverage, with smell and taste of coffee

The influence of initial xylose concentration, agitation, and aeration on ethanol production by Pichia stipitis from rice straw hemicellulosic hydrolysate

Rice straw hemicellulosic hydrolysate was used as fermentation medium for ethanol production by Pichia stipitis NRRL Y-7124. Shaking bath experiments were initially performed aiming to establish the best initial xylose concentration to be used in this bioconversion process. In the sequence, assays were carried out under different agitation (100 to 200 rpm) and aeration (V flask/V medium ratio varying from 2.5 to 5.0) conditions, and the influence of these variables on the fermentative parameters values (ethanol yield factor, Y P/S; cell yield factor, Y X/S; and ethanol volumetric productivity, Q P) was investigated through a 22 full-factorial design. Initial xylose concentration of about 50 g/l was the most suitable for the development of this process, since the yeast was able to convert substrate in product with high efficiency. The factorial design assays showed a strong influence of both process variables in all the evaluated responses. The agitation and aeration increase caused a deviation in the yeast metabolism from ethanol to biomass production. The best results (Y P/S = 0.37 g/g and Q P = 0.39 g/l.h) were found when the lowest aeration (2.5 V flask/V medium ratio) and highest agitation (200 rpm) levels were employed. Under this condition, a process efficiency of 72.5% was achieved. These results demonstrated that the establishment of adequate conditions of aeration is of great relevance to improve the ethanol production from xylose by Pichia stipitis, using rice straw hemicellulosic hydrolysate as fermentation medium.The financial support from Fapesp (Brazil) is gratefully acknowledged

Chemical, functional, and structural properties of spent coffee grounds and coffee silverskin

Spent coffee grounds (SCG) and coffee silverskin (CS) represent a great pollution hazard if discharged into the environment. Taking this fact into account, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition, functional properties, and structural characteristics of these agro-industrial residues in order to identify the characteristics that allow their reutilization in industrial processes. According to the results, SCG and CS are both of lignocellulosic nature. Sugars polymerized to their cellulose and hemicellulose fractions correspond to 51.5 and 40.45 % w/w, respectively; however, the hemicellulose sugars and their composition significantly differ from one residue to another. SCG and CS particles differ in terms of morphology and crystallinity, but both materials have very low porosity and similar melting point. In terms of functional properties, SCG and CS present good water and oil holding capacities, emulsion activity and stability, and antioxidant potential, being therefore great candidates for use on food and pharmaceutical fields.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Science and Technology Foundation of Portugal (FCT) through the grant SFRH/BD/80948/2011 and the Strategic Project PEst-OE/EQB/LA0023/2013. The authors also thank the Project "BioInd - Biotechnology and Bioengineering for improved Industrial and Agro-Food processes", REF. NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000028 co-funded by the Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (ON.2-O Novo Norte), QREN, FEDER. Thanks are also given to Prof. Jose J.M. Orfao, from the Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade do Porto (Portugal), for his assistance with the porosity analyses

Is diet partly responsible for differences in COVID-19 death rates between and within countries?

Correction: Volume: 10 Issue: 1 Article Number: 44 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-020-00351-w Published: OCT 26 2020Reported COVID-19 deaths in Germany are relatively low as compared to many European countries. Among the several explanations proposed, an early and large testing of the population was put forward. Most current debates on COVID-19 focus on the differences among countries, but little attention has been given to regional differences and diet. The low-death rate European countries (e.g. Austria, Baltic States, Czech Republic, Finland, Norway, Poland, Slovakia) have used different quarantine and/or confinement times and methods and none have performed as many early tests as Germany. Among other factors that may be significant are the dietary habits. It seems that some foods largely used in these countries may reduce angiotensin-converting enzyme activity or are anti-oxidants. Among the many possible areas of research, it might be important to understand diet and angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) levels in populations with different COVID-19 death rates since dietary interventions may be of great benefit.Peer reviewe

XVI International Congress of Control Electronics and Telecommunications: "Techno-scientific considerations for a post-pandemic world intensive in knowledge, innovation and sustainable local development"

Este título, sugestivo por los impactos durante la situación de la Covid 19 en el mundo, y que en Colombia lastimosamente han sido muy críticos, permiten asumir la obligada superación de tensiones sociales, políticas, y económicas; pero sobre todo científicas y tecnológicas. Inicialmente, esto supone la existencia de una capacidad de la sociedad colombiana por recuperar su estado inicial después de que haya cesado la perturbación a la que fue sometida por la catastrófica pandemia, y superar ese anterior estado de cosas ya que se encontraban -y aún se encuentran- muchos problemas locales mal resueltos, medianamente resueltos, y muchos sin resolver: es decir, habrá que rediseñar y fortalecer una probada resiliencia social existente - producto del prolongado conflicto social colombiano superado parcialmente por un proceso de paz exitoso - desde la tecnociencia local; como lo indicaba Markus Brunnermeier - economista alemán y catedrático de economía de la Universidad de Princeton- en su libro The Resilient Society…La cuestión no es preveerlo todo sino poder reaccionar…aprender a recuperarse rápido.This title, suggestive of the impacts during the Covid 19 situation in the world, and which have unfortunately been very critical in Colombia, allows us to assume the obligatory overcoming of social, political, and economic tensions; but above all scientific and technological. Initially, this supposes the existence of a capacity of Colombian society to recover its initial state after the disturbance to which it was subjected by the catastrophic pandemic has ceased, and to overcome that previous state of affairs since it was found -and still is find - many local problems poorly resolved, moderately resolved, and many unresolved: that is, an existing social resilience test will have to be redesigned and strengthened - product of the prolonged Colombian social conflict partially overcome by a successful peace process - from local technoscience; As Markus Brunnermeier - German economist and professor of economics at Princeton University - indicates in his book The Resilient Society...The question is not to foresee everything but to be able to react...learn to recover quickly.Bogot

Política de meio ambiente no Brasil: a construção da cidadania ambiental

Este artigo analisa a formulação de uma política de meio ambiente no Brasil e a emergência de uma cidadania ambiental. Depois de uma contextualização histórica, é particularmente enfocado o período que precede a Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre o Meio Ambiente e Desenvolviemnto - CNUMAD, realizada no Rio de Janeiro em 1992. Nesse processo o movimento ambientalista brasileiro se firmou como um sujeito social importante na arena pública de negociações, grantindo a conquista de direitos ambientais, consolidades pela Constituição brasileira de 1988, e impedindo um retrocesso às vésperas da realização da CNUMAD