A autorregulação aplicada aos métodos de estudo

Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Ensino do 1.º e 2.º Ciclos do Ensino BásicoO presente Relatório de Estágio foi elaborado no âmbito da unidade curricular de Prática de Ensino Supervisionada II, do Mestrado em Ensino de 1.º e 2.º Ciclos do Ensino Básico, da Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa. O presente documento pretende, de forma reflexiva e fundamentada, explicitar e analisar o processo da prática pedagógica desenvolvido ao longo de sete semanas, numa instituição privada, com uma turma do 3.º ano do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. Este foi um trabalho de natureza mista, com o tratamento quantitativo de alguns dados, com características próximas às da metodologia de investigação-ação. O documento integra, ainda, um estudo sobre “a autorregulação aplicada aos métodos de estudo”. Este baseou-se na implementação de um conjunto sessões e materiais que pretenderam auxiliar os alunos na evolução do seu processo autorregulatório e na aquisição de métodos de estudo, mais particularmente, competências de gestão de tempo e de localização, seleção e organização da informação. Os resultados do estudo mostram que as estratégias implementadas foram insuficientes para o estímulo da autorregulação das crianças, apesar de se apresentarem alguns dados relativos ao processo autorregulatório de certos alunos que se revelou positivo. Relativamente aos métodos de estudo, não foi possível avaliar a evolução das capacidades de gestão de tempo, mas notou-se, ao nível das técnicas de localização, seleção e organização da informação, um aumento significativo da sua eficácia e implementação por parte dos alunos, em momentos de estudo autónomo.ABSTRACT The current teaching practice report was developed as part of the syllabus of Supervised Teaching Practice II, of the Master’s Degree in Teaching (1st and 2nd cycles), of the Superior Education School of Lisbon. This document aims, in a reflective and substantiated way, to explain and analyze the pedagogical practice process developed over seven weeks, in a private school, with a 3rd grade class. This was a mixed-nature work with similar characteristics to the research-action methodology and with the quantitative treatment of some data. This document also includes a study on “self-regulation applied to study methods”. This study was based on the implementation of a set of sessions and materials designed to assist students in the progress of their self-regulatory process and in the acquisition of study methods, in particular, of time management skills and information’s location, selection and organization abilities. The results of the study show that the implemented strategies were insufficient in the stimulus of the children’s self-regulation, although there are some students who have shown some self-regulatory process improvements. In regards of the study methods, it has not been possible to assess the progress of the student’s time management capabilities. However, there was a significant increase of the student’s location, selection and organization of information abilities, in their effectiveness and frequency, as part of their autonomous studies

Gut Microbiota Diversity and C-Reactive Protein Are Predictors of Disease Severity in COVID-19 Patients

Funding Information: We acknowledge support from the NOVA Medical School of Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, CINTESIS, and CHRC. Funding. This study was sponsored by the Funda??o para a Ci?ncia e a Tecnologia (FCT, project no. 268_596883842), BIOCODEX, and CINTESIS (reference UIDB/4255/2020). The funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or manuscript writing. Publisher Copyright: © Copyright © 2021 Moreira-Rosário, Marques, Pinheiro, Araújo, Ribeiro, Rocha, Mota, Pestana, Ribeiro, Pereira, de Sousa, Pereira-Leal, de Sousa, Morais, Teixeira, Rocha, Silvestre, Príncipe, Gatta, Amado, Santos, Maltez, Boquinhas, de Sousa, Germano, Sarmento, Granja, Póvoa, Faria and Calhau.The risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity are still poorly understood. Considering the pivotal role of the gut microbiota on host immune and inflammatory functions, we investigated the association between changes in the gut microbiota composition and the clinical severity of COVID-19. We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study prospectively enrolling 115 COVID-19 patients categorized according to: (1) the WHO Clinical Progression Scale—mild, 19 (16.5%); moderate, 37 (32.2%); or severe, 59 (51.3%), and (2) the location of recovery from COVID-19—ambulatory, 14 (household isolation, 12.2%); hospitalized in ward, 40 (34.8%); or hospitalized in the intensive care unit, 61 (53.0%). Gut microbiota analysis was performed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the data obtained were further related to the clinical parameters of COVID-19 patients. The risk factors for COVID-19 severity were identified by univariate and multivariable logistic regression models. In comparison to mild COVID-19 patients, the gut microbiota of moderate and severe patients have: (a) lower Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio; (b) higher abundance of Proteobacteria; and (c) lower abundance of beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria such as the genera Roseburia and Lachnospira. Multivariable regression analysis showed that the Shannon diversity index [odds ratio (OR) = 2.85, 95% CI = 1.09–7.41, p = 0.032) and C-reactive protein (OR = 3.45, 95% CI = 1.33–8.91, p = 0.011) are risk factors for severe COVID-19 (a score of 6 or higher in the WHO Clinical Progression Scale). In conclusion, our results demonstrated that hospitalized patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 have microbial signatures of gut dysbiosis; for the first time, the gut microbiota diversity is pointed out as a prognostic biomarker of COVID-19 severity.publishersversionpublishe

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved