Two-pion Bose-Einstein correlations in central Pb-Pb collisions at sNN\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.76 TeV

The first measurement of two-pion Bose-Einstein correlations in central Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.76$ TeV at the Large Hadron Collider is presented. We observe a growing trend with energy now not only for the longitudinal and the outward but also for the sideward pion source radius. The pion homogeneity volume and the decoupling time are significantly larger than those measured at RHIC.Comment: 17 pages, 5 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 12, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/388

Suppression of charged particle production at large transverse momentum in central Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=2.76\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.76 TeV

Inclusive transverse momentum spectra of primary charged particles in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV have been measured by the ALICE Collaboration at the LHC. The data are presented for central and peripheral collisions, corresponding to 0-5% and 70-80% of the hadronic Pb-Pb cross section. The measured charged particle spectra in $|\eta|<0.8$ and $0.3 < p_T < 20$ GeV/$c$ are compared to the expectation in pp collisions at the same $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$, scaled by the number of underlying nucleon-nucleon collisions. The comparison is expressed in terms of the nuclear modification factor $R_{\rm AA}$. The result indicates only weak medium effects ($R_{\rm AA} \approx$ 0.7) in peripheral collisions. In central collisions, $R_{\rm AA}$ reaches a minimum of about 0.14 at $p_{\rm T}=6$-7GeV/$c$ and increases significantly at larger $p_{\rm T}$. The measured suppression of high-$p_{\rm T}$ particles is stronger than that observed at lower collision energies, indicating that a very dense medium is formed in central Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC.Comment: 15 pages, 5 captioned figures, 3 tables, authors from page 10, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/98

Transverse momentum spectra of charged particles in proton-proton collisions at s=900\sqrt{s} = 900 GeV with ALICE at the LHC

The inclusive charged particle transverse momentum distribution is measured in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 900$ GeV at the LHC using the ALICE detector. The measurement is performed in the central pseudorapidity region $(|\eta|<0.8)$ over the transverse momentum range $0.15<p_{\rm T}<10$ GeV/$c$. The correlation between transverse momentum and particle multiplicity is also studied. Results are presented for inelastic (INEL) and non-single-diffractive (NSD) events. The average transverse momentum for $|\eta|<0.8$ is $\left<p_{\rm T}\right>_{\rm INEL}=0.483\pm0.001$ (stat.) $\pm0.007$ (syst.) GeV/$c$ and \left_{\rm NSD}=0.489\pm0.001 (stat.) $\pm0.007$ (syst.) GeV/$c$, respectively. The data exhibit a slightly larger $\left<p_{\rm T}\right>$ than measurements in wider pseudorapidity intervals. The results are compared to simulations with the Monte Carlo event generators PYTHIA and PHOJET.Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/390

Silicagel support mediated nonphotolytic cleavage of the rhenium-rhenium bond of {NC5H4N = NC6H4(R)}(CO)(3)Re-0](2). Synthesis of the monomeric species Re-I{NC5H4N = NC6H4(R)}(CO)(3)Cl, crystal structure, spectroscopic and electron-transfer properties

The reaction of Re-2(CO)(10) with the 2-arylazopyridine ligand, L L=NC5H4-N=N-C6H4(R), R-H, o-Me/Cl, m-Me/Cl] in dry THF under a dinitrogen atmosphere afforded a metal-metal bonded product of the type (L)(CO)(3)Re-0-Re-0 (CO)(3)(L) 1. On a silica gel column and in the presence of chlorinated solvents (CHCl3 or CH2Cl2) the complex 1 transformed into a mononuclear complex of composition Re'(L)(CO)(3)Cl 2, where the cleavage of Re-Re bond of 1 and the oxidative addition of chlorine to the rhenium center have taken place consecutively. The molecular structure of the complex 2a (R=H) has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal lattice consists of two crystallographically independent Re(L-1)(CO)(3)Cl molecules which are non-superimposable mirror images; d and 1 enantiomers, exist in a 1:1 ratio. The complexes 2 display irreversible Re-1--->Re-11 oxidation processes near 1.5 V versus SCE and two quasi-reversible azo (N=N) reductions in the ranges -0.28 to -0.48 V and -0.83 to -1.06 V versus SCE. The complexes of the type 1 exhibit only four successive azo reductions in the range 0 to -2 V versus SCE. Both the complexes (1 and 2) display d pi(Re) —> pi*L metal-to-ligand charge-transfer transitions near 500 nm and intraligand n-pi* and pi-pi* transitions near 300 and 300 nM, respectively. The complexes 2 are susceptible to a spontaneous chloride exchange reaction. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved

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Not AvailableSmall plastic debris is one of the most significant emerging pollutants, due to their extreme durability and synthetic nature, possessing a tremendous threat to the aquatic environment. In the present study, sediments of river Ganga at a lower stretch were analyzed for distribution of meso and microplastics at seven different locations viz. Buxar, Patna, Bhagalpur, Nabadwip, Barrackpore, Godakhali and Fraserganj. All the sediments were found to contain mesoplastics (>5 mm) and microplastics (<5 mm) particles with varying degree of the mass fraction (11.48 to 63.79 ng/g sediments), numerical abundance (99.27-409.86 items/kg) and morphotypes. Analysis of the mesoplastics with FT-IR revealed polyethylene terepthalate (39%) as the major contributing plastic debris in the sediments followed by polyethylene (30%). Statistical analysis revealed a strong correlation between microplastics abundance and the pollution traits, BOD and available phosphate, of water and sediment, respectively. This study exhibits the spatial distribution of meso and microplastics in the highly populated locations along the river Ganga emphasizing the attention to be given to this emerging pollutant in the inland river system underlining their role as a transporter of plastic fragments finally to the ocean.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe growth, mortality and exploitation status of Otolithoides pama collected from the Hooghly-Matlah estuarine system of West Bengal, India from November 2016 to April 2018 were estimated. The sample specimens were collected from the artisanal fishery, mainly from drift gillnets and bagnet with mesh size 15–70 mm and the length-frequency distribution was analyzed employing the FiSAT programme. The growth parameters Lα, K and t0 were estimated at 418 mm, 0.58 yr−1 and -0.1356 years, respectively. The lengths of the fish at the end of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th year were recorded as 202, 297, 350, 380 and 397 mm, respectively. The total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) were 4.16, 1.14 and 3.02 yr−1, respectively. The exploitation level (E) was observed as 0.73 which surpassed the optimization value of 0.5 considered for sustainable fisheries. The present study revealed that the fishery is overexploited and calls for an urgent need to reduce the fishing pressure to accomplish a sustainable fishery.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe diversity of finfish in river Narmada and its tributaries in central and western India has been reviewed. We could compile a total of 196 species from both freshwater and brackish water habitats, under 14 orders, 51 families, and 126 genera. The order Cypriniformes represented the highest diversity with 78 species (i.e., 39.8%) followed by Perciformes (47 species), Siluriformes (32 species), Clupeiformes (15 species), etc. As per the IUCN Red List category, the maximum number of species are under Least Concern (129), followed by Not Evaluated (36), Near Threatened (14), Data Deficient (11), Vulnerable (4), and Endangered (2). The species Tor khudree and Tor putitora were found Endangered in the system. Out of 196 finfish species, 77 are food fishes, 33 having both ornamental and food fish value, 21 are truly ornamental value, and 31 as sports fishes. Habitat wise distribution of the fishes indicates that 79 species are truly freshwater and 3 species are truly marine, while 58 species range between freshwater and brackish water habitats, 21 between brackish water and marine habitats and 35 species range from freshwater to marine habitats. This review presents up-to-date information on finfish biodiversity of river Narmada. It will help in making appropriate conservation and management planning of fisheries in this river.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe present study confirmed the occurrences of Walton’s mudskipper Periophthalmus waltoni Koumans 1941 under the family Gobiidae as the first kind of record from the estuarine region of river Narmada of Gujarat, India. A total of 21 specimens were collected with the size ranging from 124 to 145 mm and from 10.7 to 26.2 g, respectively, from Jageshwar fishing sites during the monsoon period (July–September 2019). Walton’s mudskipper was reported to be found in countries like Iran, Iraq, Oman and Pakistan, but its availability in Indian waters is questionable. The present findings confirmed the occurrences of the species in the Narmada estuary, Gujarat, India drainage to the Arabian Sea.ICA

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Not AvailableImpact of barge movement on phytoplankton abundance and biomass was assessed in the lower stretch of river Ganga, popularly known as Bhagirathi-Hooghly river, during April 2016 to March, 2017. Based on the magnitude of tide, intensity of shipping and boating activities, the stretch from Baranagar to Lalbag (278 km), located at latitude (22°38'33.41"N to 24°10'59.75"N) and longitude (88°21'21.29"E to 88°16'5.65"E) was divided into three zones viz. zone—I (Baranagar to Barrackpore), zone II (Triveni to Balagarh) and zone III (Nabadweep to Lalbag). Water samples were collected randomly from six stations covering 22 barge movements at their passage at three different time intervals viz., 30 minutes before ‘barge movement’, during ‘barge movement’ and 30 minutes after ‘barge movement’. Analysis revealed the presence of 52 phytoplankton taxa belonged to 5 phylum during the study period. The abundance of phytoplankton was highest in zone—I followed by zone III and the zone II. A 44% decrease (1,997 ±1,510 ul-1) in phytoplankton abundance was observed during ‘barge movement’ with respect to normal condition (3,513 ± 2,239 ul-1) which could be due to propeller turbulence in the passage. Cell damage study revealed 21% damage in phytoplankton cell structure in ‘during barge’ followed by ‘after barge’ (10%) condition compared to natural state (6%). Study revealed that phytoplankton biomass (Chlorophyll a) was influenced by ‘barge movement’ in the sampling stretches and the impact was assessed by one way ANOVA. The effect was found significant at Barrackpore (p <0.01), Triveni (p <0.01), Balagarh (p <0.01) and Lalbag (p <0.01) where as it was insignificant at Baranagar and Nabadweep, which may be due to continuous and existing boat trafficking at Baranagar and Nabadweep. Two way ANOVA computed using ‘barge movement’ and sampling stations showed significant (p<0.01) effect on magnitude of Chl a concentrations in the sampling locations. Thus, the ‘barge movement’ influenced phytoplankton abundance and biomass, it had a detrimental effect on phytoplankton cell architecture also. The data set of this work serves as foundation information to understand the ecological implications augmented barge induced environmental disturbances in waterways. This is the first such study which depicts the impact of ‘barge movement’ on aquatic food chain linkages in Bhagirathi- Hooghly river.Not Availabl

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Main textIn the present study, growth, survival rate and production of Systomus sarana, Mystus vittatus and Macrobrachium rosenbergii were examined under freshwater pond condition in bamboo-net cage for a period of 150 days. Six numbers of cages (2 × 1.5 × 1 m of each cage)were installed in the pond with help of bamboo poles at Faculty of Fishery Sciences campus in Kolkata, West Bengal, India. The cages stocked with fingerlings of S. sarana (1.79±0.24 cm), M. vittatus (4.72±0.49 cm)and post-larvae of M. rosenbergii (5.64±0.54 cm) and uniform stocking density maintained @ 50 no m-2throughout the experimental periods with one replicate cage for each species and the experiment designated as C1, C2 and C3 respectively. Pelleted feed were fedtwice a day @ 10% of the body weight for initial 15 days; thereafter @ 5% of the body weight rest of the experiment.The water quality parameters were found suitable range for fish culture in all the cages. S. sarana showed significantly (p<0.05) higher specific growth rate in terms of weight than M. vittatus and M. rosenbergii. But average growth rate of M. rosenbergii was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of S. sarana and M. vittatus. The maximum survival percentage was recorded in M. vittatus (93.0±3.0%) followed by P. sarana (88.0±3.0%) and M. rosenbergii (85.0±7.0%). The production per unit area of the cages was maximum in M. rosenbergii (1.90±0.16 kg m-2) followed by M. vittatus(0.75±0.01 kg m-2) and S. sarana (0.73±0.02 kg m-2). M. rosenbergii showed highest benefit cost ratio (2.01) followed by S. sarana (1.28) and M. vittatus (1.23).WBUAFS, Kolkat