Partitioning of fibrinolytic protease from Bacillus sp. UFPEDA 485 by aqueous two-phase systems using PEG/sodium sulfate

XI Reunião Regional Nordeste da SBBq | 4th International Symposium in Biochemistry of Macromolecules and BiotechnologyThe fibrinolytic protease produced by bacteria of the genus Bacillus has attracted large interest in the pharmaceutical industry as a promising alternative in thrombolytic therapy due to their effectiveness in degrading fibrin, its production requiring the development of an efficient recovery process. Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) have been recognized as an efficient and economical process for recovering enzymes due to their relative ease and low cost. The purpose of this work was to study the partition of fibrinolytic protease produced by Bacillus sp. UFPEDA 485 in a ATPS composed by Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sodium sulfate using factorial design. The fibrinolytic protease production occurred in liquid culture medium containing 2% soy flour, pH 7.2, 150 rpm at 37 °C for 48 hours. To study the partitioning, was used a 23 full factorial design with four replicates at the central with the purpose of evaluating the effects and interactions of the independent variables: PEG molar mass (MMPEG), PEG concentration (CPEG) and sodium sulfate concentration (CNa2SO4) on the response variable: partition coefficient (K) of the fibrinolytic enzyme. In all the runs the enzyme partitioned to the top phase, indicating a significant interaction between the protein and the PEG. The best result was obtained at the central point, using MMPEG 6000 g/mol, CPEG 24 % and CNa2SO4 11,6 %. The partitions coefficients ranged between K = 327.63 and 2879.38. According to the results, the ATPS composed of PEG/sodium sulfate proved to be a promising method to extraction fibrinolytic protease.CAPES e CNPqinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Production and characterization of new fibrinolytic protease from Mucor subtillissimus UCP 1262 in solid-state fermentation

Fibrinolytic enzymes have received attention regarding their medicinal potential for thrombolytic diseases, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Various natural enzymes purified from animal, plant and microbial sources have been extensively studied. The aim of this work was to produce fibrinolytic protease by solid state fermentation using agro industrial substrates. Rhizopus arrhizus var. arrhizus UCP 1295 and Mucor subtillissimus UCP 1262 filamentous fungi species isolated from soil of Caatinga-PE, Brasil, were used as producer microorganisms. Wheat bran was shown to be the best substrate for the production of the enzyme and by using a 23 full factorial design the main effects and interactions of the quantity of the substrate wheat bran, moisture and temperature on the fibrinolytic enzyme production and protease were evaluated. The best results for fibrinolytic and protease activities, 144.58 U/mL and 48.33 U/mL, respectively, were obtained with Mucor subtillissimus UCP 1262 using as culture medium 3 g wheat bran, 50% moisture at a temperature of 25˚C for 72 hours. The optimum temperature for the produced enzyme was 45˚C and most of its original activity was retained after being subjected to 80˚C for 120 min. The protease activity was enhanced by K+, Ca+ and Mn+; but with Cu+ there was an inhibition. The specificity to chromogenic substrate and the inhibition by PMSF indicates that it is a chymotrypsin-like serine protease. Presented results suggest that this enzyme produced by solid-state fermentation is an interesting alternative as a candidate for thrombolytic therapy

Reduced graphene oxide multilayers for gas and liquid phases chemical sensing

Graphene oxide (GO) multilayers were produced by the layer-by-layer technique after successive immersions of quartz slides into aqueous suspensions of cationic poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDAC) and anionic GO. The adsorbed amount of GO within the multilayers measured ex situ by UV-vis spectroscopy was found to increase linearly with the number of PDAC-GO bilayers. UV-vis and Raman spectra confirmed the conversion of GO to its reduced form, namely reduced graphene oxide (RGO), when the multilayers were subjected to hot hydrazine. According to AFM images, multilayers are flat with GO sheets forming edge structures. Additionally, impedance spectroscopy provided information regarding the multilayer growth mechanism, which starts with isolated GO sheets that bridge each other after deposition of five PDAC-GO bilayers. As a proof of principle, it was demonstrated that a sensor array composed by reduced multilayers deposited onto interdigitated microelectrodes and interrogated by impedance spectroscopy is capable of discriminating vapours of volatile solvents, including toluene, gasoline, ethanol, chloroform, and acetone, as well as chemicals in aqueous solutions, such as hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, ammonium hydroxide, and sucrose. This capability was made possible only because the LbL assembly permitted one to tune the sensors' sensitivity with the number of PDAC-GO bilayers. The results presented herein suggest that the reduced PDAC-GO multilayers are promising elements for non-specific chemical sensors.CNPq (308038/2012-6)CAPE

Digging deeper into colonial palaeontological practices in modern day Mexico and Brazil

Scientific practices stemming from colonialism, whereby middle- and low-income countries supply data for high-income countries and the contributions of local expertise are devalued, are still prevalent today in the field of palaeontology. In response to these unjust practices, countries such as Mexico and Brazil adopted protective laws and regulations during the twentieth century to preserve their palaeontological heritage. However, scientific colonialism is still reflected in many publications describing fossil specimens recovered from these countries. Here, we present examples of ‘palaeontological colonialism’ from publications on Jurassic–Cretaceous fossils from NE Mexico and NE Brazil spanning the last three decades. Common issues that we identified in these publications are the absence of both fieldwork and export permit declarations and the lack of local experts among authorships. In Mexico, access to many fossil specimens is restricted on account of these specimens being housed in private collections, whereas a high number of studies on Brazilian fossils are based on specimens illegally reposited in foreign collections, particularly in Germany and Japan. Finally, we outline and discuss the wider academic and social impacts of these research practices, and propose exhaustive recommendations to scientists, journals, museums, research institutions and government and funding agencies in order to overcome these practices

CORRELAÇÕES ENTRE A CLASSIFICAÇÃO FUNCIONAL E O DESEMPENHO MOTOR DE JOGADORES DE BASQUETEBOL DE CADEIRAS DE RODAS EXPERIENTES

The aim of the study is to verify the correlation between the functional classification (FC) and the level of motor performance of experienced wheelchair basketball (BCR) athletes. Through a cross-sectional observational study, 10 BCR players were recruited to perform the aerobic capacity test, the speed test, and the agility test with and without the ball. Through the association analysis using the Spearman correlation test and a p of was adopted, it can be observed that there was a strong inverse correlation, with a significance level set at 5% (p<0.05). It was observed that FC did not correlate with aerobic capacity (r=0.278; p= 0.436). On the other hand, a correlation was observed between FC and speed (r= -0.759; p= 0.011), agility with the ball (r= -0.864; p= 0.001) and agility without the ball (r= -0.762; p= 0.010), between CF and agility and speed tests, while no significant results were observed when compared to the east of aerobic capacity. With this, it can be said that athletes with higher FC will present a better performance in game attributes when compared to athletes with smaller FC, this finding helps the coaches and coaches of the teams in the periodization of training and in the elaboration of game strategies during the matches. Received on: 2022/11/25 Reformulated on: 2022/12/26 Accepted: 2022/12/26  O objetivo do estudo é verificar a correlação entre a classificação funcional (CF) e o nível de desempenho motor de atletas experientes de basquete em cadeira de rodas (BCR). Através de um estudo observacional transversal, foram recrutados 10 jogadores de BCR, para realizar o teste de capacidade aeróbica, teste de velocidade, e o teste de agilidade com e sem bola. Através da análise de associação por meio do teste de correlação de Spearman e adotou-se um p de pode-se observar que houve correlação inversa forte, com nível de significância fixado em 5% (p<0,05). Observou-se a que a CF não apresentou correlação com capacidade aeróbica (r=0,278; p= 0,436). Em contrapartida, foi observado correlação entre a CF e a velocidade (r= -0,759; p= 0,011), agilidade com bola (r= -0,864; p= 0,001) e agilidade sem bola (r= -0,762; p= 0,010), entre CF e os testes de agilidade e de velocidade, enquanto não se observou resultados significativos quando comparado com o este de capacidade aeróbica. Com isso pode-se afirmar que, atletas com maiores CF irão apresentar uma performance melhor nos atributos de jogo quando comparado com atletas de CF menores, tal achado auxilia os técnicos e treinadores das equipes na periodização dos treinamentos e na elaborar das estratégias de jogo durante as partidas. Recebido em: 25/11/2022 Reformulado em: 26/12/2022 Aceito em: 26/12/202

IL-17 Produced during Trypanosoma cruzi Infection Plays a Central Role in Regulating Parasite-Induced Myocarditis

Chagas disease is caused by the intracellular parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. This infection has been considered one of the most neglected diseases and affects several million people in the Central and South America. Around 30% of the infected patients develop digestive and cardiac forms of the disease. Most patients are diagnosed during the chronic phase, when the treatment is not effective. Here, we showed by the first time that IL-17 is produced during experimental T. cruzi infection and that it plays a significant role in host defense, modulating parasite-induced myocarditis. Applying this analysis to humans could be of great value in unraveling the elements involved in the pathogenesis of chagasic cardiopathy and could be used in the development of alternative therapies to reduce morbidity during the chronic phase of the disease, as well as clinical markers of disease progression. The understanding of these aspects of disease may be helpful in reducing the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and costs to the public health service in developing countries

Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS: Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION: Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks