Fichte and Hegel on Recognition

In this paper I provide an interpretation of Hegel’s account of ‘recognition’ (Anerkennung) in the 1802-3 System of Ethical Life as a critique of Fichte’s account of recognition in the 1796-7 Foundations of Natural Right. In the first three sections of the paper I argue that Fichte’s account of recognition in the domain of right is not concerned with recognition as a moral attitude. I then turn, in section four, to a discussion of Hegel’s critique and transformation of Fichte’s conception of recognition. Hegel’s transformation consists, I argue, in the claim that a comprehensive account of recognition in the domain of right must be concerned with recognition as a moral attitude

Academic freedom in Europe: reviewing UNESCO’s recommendation

This paper examines the compliance of universities in the European Union with the UNESCO Recommendation concerning the Status of Higher–Education Teaching Personnel, which deals primarily with protection for academic freedom. The paper briefly surveys the European genesis of the modern research university and academic freedom, before evaluating compliance with the UNESCO recommendation on institutional autonomy, academic freedom, university governance and tenure. Following from this, the paper examines the reasons for the generally low level of compliance with the UNESCO Recommendation within the EU states, and considers how such compliance could be improved

Genomics of Divergence along a Continuum of Parapatric Population Differentiation

MM received funding from the Max Planck innovation funds for this project. PGDF was supported by a Marie Curie European Reintegration Grant (proposal nr 270891). CE was supported by German Science Foundation grants (DFG, EI 841/4-1 and EI 841/6-1)

Animal board invited review: advances in proteomics for animal and food sciences

Animal production and health (APH) is an important sector in the world economy, representing a large proportion of the budget of all member states in the European Union and in other continents. APH is a highly competitive sector with a strong emphasis on innovation and, albeit with country to country variations, on scientific research. Proteomics (the study of all proteins present in a given tissue or fluid - i.e. the proteome) has an enormous potential when applied to APH. Nevertheless, for a variety of reasons and in contrast to disciplines such as plant sciences or human biomedicine, such potential is only now being tapped. To counter such limited usage, 6 years ago we created a consortium dedicated to the applications of Proteomics to APH, specifically in the form of a Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action, termed FA1002 - Proteomics in Farm Animals: www.cost-faproteomics.org. In 4 years, the consortium quickly enlarged to a total of 31 countries in Europe, as well as Israel, Argentina, Australia and New Zealand. This article has a triple purpose. First, we aim to provide clear examples on the applications and benefits of the use of proteomics in all aspects related to APH. Second, we provide insights and possibilities on the new trends and objectives for APH proteomics applications and technologies for the years to come. Finally, we provide an overview and balance of the major activities and accomplishments of the COST Action on Farm Animal Proteomics. These include activities such as the organization of seminars, workshops and major scientific conferences, organization of summer schools, financing Short-Term Scientific Missions (STSMs) and the generation of scientific literature. Overall, the Action has attained all of the proposed objectives and has made considerable difference by putting proteomics on the global map for animal and veterinary researchers in general and by contributing significantly to reduce the East-West and North-South gaps existing in the European farm animal research. Future activities of significance in the field of scientific research, involving members of the action, as well as others, will likely be established in the future.European Science Foundation (Brussels, Belgium)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Characteristic Evolution and Matching

I review the development of numerical evolution codes for general relativity based upon the characteristic initial value problem. Progress in characteristic evolution is traced from the early stage of 1D feasibility studies to 2D axisymmetric codes that accurately simulate the oscillations and gravitational collapse of relativistic stars and to current 3D codes that provide pieces of a binary black hole spacetime. Cauchy codes have now been successful at simulating all aspects of the binary black hole problem inside an artificially constructed outer boundary. A prime application of characteristic evolution is to extend such simulations to null infinity where the waveform from the binary inspiral and merger can be unambiguously computed. This has now been accomplished by Cauchy-characteristic extraction, where data for the characteristic evolution is supplied by Cauchy data on an extraction worldtube inside the artificial outer boundary. The ultimate application of characteristic evolution is to eliminate the role of this outer boundary by constructing a global solution via Cauchy-characteristic matching. Progress in this direction is discussed.Comment: New version to appear in Living Reviews 2012. arXiv admin note: updated version of arXiv:gr-qc/050809

Service planning and delivery outcomes of home adaptations for ageing in the UK

In response to the impact of demographic change on the healthcare system, ‘ageing in place’ was introduced as a national policy to support elderly people living independently in their homes. Housing adaptation is essential for successful independent living and has been given increased political priority. However, adaptation policies and practice vary regionally, reflecting statutory limits, policy choices and local planning. This study investigated the current status of adaptation provision in different regions in the UK and assessed the effectiveness of local service planning and management. A mixed-methods sequential explanatory research strategy was employed. In the first quantitative phase, a questionnaire survey was carried out involving all 378 local authorities in England, Scotland and Wales. This was followed by a second qualitative phase involving individual interviews with five professionals and two clients and a focus group meeting with six key stakeholders. The study found that the current number of adaptations was relatively small compared with potential demands in most local areas, as was funding for adaptations. On the operational side, the adaptation process was fragmented, involving different service groups in many local authorities. There were disconnections between these groups, which often caused inefficiencies and poor effectiveness. Moving forward, local authorities need to have a clear vision of the overall need for adaptations and allocate sufficient resources. Practical guidelines are also needed for better integrated working and performance management

Population genomics of marine zooplankton

Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2017. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Bucklin, Ann et al. "Population Genomics of Marine Zooplankton." Population Genomics: Marine Organisms. Ed. Om P. Rajora and Marjorie Oleksiak. Springer, 2018. doi:10.1007/13836_2017_9.The exceptionally large population size and cosmopolitan biogeographic distribution that distinguish many – but not all – marine zooplankton species generate similarly exceptional patterns of population genetic and genomic diversity and structure. The phylogenetic diversity of zooplankton has slowed the application of population genomic approaches, due to lack of genomic resources for closelyrelated species and diversity of genomic architecture, including highly-replicated genomes of many crustaceans. Use of numerous genomic markers, especially single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), is transforming our ability to analyze population genetics and connectivity of marine zooplankton, and providing new understanding and different answers than earlier analyses, which typically used mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite markers. Population genomic approaches have confirmed that, despite high dispersal potential, many zooplankton species exhibit genetic structuring among geographic populations, especially at large ocean-basin scales, and have revealed patterns and pathways of population connectivity that do not always track ocean circulation. Genomic and transcriptomic resources are critically needed to allow further examination of micro-evolution and local adaptation, including identification of genes that show evidence of selection. These new tools will also enable further examination of the significance of small-scale genetic heterogeneity of marine zooplankton, to discriminate genetic “noise” in large and patchy populations from local adaptation to environmental conditions and change.Support was provided by the US National Science Foundation to AB and RJO (PLR-1044982) and to RJO (MCB-1613856); support to IS and MC was provided by Nord University (Norway)

Deciphering the Link between Doubly Uniparental Inheritance of mtDNA and Sex Determination in Bivalves: Clues from Comparative Transcriptomics

Bivalves exhibit an astonishing diversity of sexual systems and sex-determining mechanisms. They can be gonochoric, hermaphroditic or androgenetic, with both genetic and environmental factors known to determine or influence sex. One unique sex-determining system involving the mitochondrial genome has also been hypothesized to exist in bivalves with doubly uniparental inheritance (DUI) of mtDNA. However, the link between DUI and sex determination remains obscure. In this study, we performed a comparative gonad transcriptomics analysis for two DUI-possessing freshwater mussel species to better understand the mechanisms underlying sex determination and DUI in these bivalves. We used a BLAST reciprocal analysis to identify orthologs between Venustaconcha ellipsiformis and Utterbackia peninsularis and compared our results with previously published sex-specific bivalve transcriptomes to identify conserved sex-determining genes. We also compared our data with other DUI species to identify candidate genes possibly involved in the regulation of DUI. A total of 3c12,000 orthologous relationships were found, with 2,583 genes differentially expressed in both species. Among these genes, key sex-determining factors previously reported in vertebrates and in bivalves (e.g., Sry, Dmrt1, Foxl2) were identified, suggesting that some steps of the sex-determination pathway may be deeply conserved in metazoans. Our results also support the hypothesis that a modified ubiquitination mechanism could be responsible for the retention of the paternal mtDNA in male bivalves, and revealed that DNA methylation could also be involved in the regulation of DUI. Globally, our results suggest that sets of genes associated with sex determination and DUI are similar in distantly-related DUI species

THE HYDROMAGNESITE DEPOSITS OF THE ATLIN AREA, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA, AND THEIR INDUSTRIAL POTENTIAL AS A FIRE RETARDANT

Η έρευνα αυτή έχει ως στόχο την μελέτη των αποθέσεων υδρομαγνησίτη της περιοχής Atlin της Βρετανικής Κολομβίας στον Καναδά και τη δυνατότητα αξιοποίησης τους στην διεθνή αγορά των επιβραδυντών καύσεως. Οι ορυκτοί επιβραδυντές καύσης, όπως τα Mg- και Ca/Mg-ανθρακικά πετρώματα, είναι φιλικοί προς το περιβάλλον, καθώς παράγουν μη-τοξικά και μη-διαβρωτικά αέρια και θεωρούνται ασφαλέστεροι. Στα πλαίσια αυτής της έρευνας, συλλέγησαν και αναλύθηκαν εβδομήντα αναγνωριστικά και δύο ολικά δείγματα από την εν λόγω περιοχή. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι τα ανωτέρω δείγματα αποτελούνται κυρίως από υδρομαγνησίτη, με μικρά ποσοστά πολύ λεπτόκοκκου, μαλακού και πεπλατυσμένου μαγνησίτη. Το γενικό συμπέρασμα είναι ότι η ορυκτολογική σύσταση των δειγμάτων, η συμπεριφορά τους κατά τη θερμική αποσύνθεση, καθώς και οι χημικές και φυσικές τους ιδιότητες, τα καθιστούν κατάλληλα για χρήση τους ως υλικά πυροπροστασίας. Επιπλέον, η ^κότητα των δειγμάτων είναι αρκετά υψηλή και συγκρίσιμη με άλλα εμπορεύσιμα υλικά που περιέχουν υδρομαγνησίτη. Τα αποθέματα υδρομαγνησίτη στην περιοχή Atlin είχαν υπερεκτιμηθεί στο παρελθόν στους 110.000 τόνους. Προτείνεται μια τεχνο-οικονομική εκτίμηση για να πραγματοποιηθεί ένας πιο ακριβής υπολογισμός των αποθεμάτων της περιοχήςThis research examines the potential of the hydromagnesite deposits at Atlin in British Columbia, Canada, for the mineral fire-retardant market. Mineral fire retardants, such as Mg- and Ca/Mg-carbonates, are environmentally friendly, producing non-toxic and non-corrosive gases during their thermal decomposition. During this research, 70 sediment samples and two bulk samples were collected from the study area and analysed. The results showed that the Atlin deposits are composed mostly of hydromagnesite with minor amounts of very fine-grained, soft and platy magnesite. The general conclusion is that the mineralogical composition of the samples, their behavior during thermal decomposition, and their chemical and physical properties, make them suitable for use as white fillers for flame-retardants. Additionally, the whiteness of the samples is sufficient and comparable to other commercial hydromagnesite-bearing rocks. The Atlin reserves of the hydromagnesite ore bodies were overestimated in past literature as 110,000 tons. A more precise calculation of the reserves during a technoeconomic assessment is required

THE HYDROMAGNESITE DEPOSITS OF THE ATLIN AREA, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA, AND THEIR INDUSTRIAL POTENTIAL AS A FIRE RETARDANT

Η έρευνα αυτή έχει ως στόχο την μελέτη των αποθέσεων υδρομαγνησίτη της περιοχής Atlin της Βρετανικής Κολομβίας στον Καναδά και τη δυνατότητα αξιοποίησης τους στην διεθνή αγορά των επιβραδυντών καύσεως. Οι ορυκτοί επιβραδυντές καύσης, όπως τα Mg- και Ca/Mg-ανθρακικά πετρώματα, είναι φιλικοί προς το περιβάλλον, καθώς παράγουν μη-τοξικά και μη-διαβρωτικά αέρια και θεωρούνται ασφαλέστεροι. Στα πλαίσια αυτής της έρευνας, συλλέγησαν και αναλύθηκαν εβδομήντα αναγνωριστικά και δύο ολικά δείγματα από την εν λόγω περιοχή. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι τα ανωτέρω δείγματα αποτελούνται κυρίως από υδρομαγνησίτη, με μικρά ποσοστά πολύ λεπτόκοκκου, μαλακού και πεπλατυσμένου μαγνησίτη. Το γενικό συμπέρασμα είναι ότι η ορυκτολογική σύσταση των δειγμάτων, η συμπεριφορά τους κατά τη θερμική αποσύνθεση, καθώς και οι χημικές και φυσικές τους ιδιότητες, τα καθιστούν κατάλληλα για χρήση τους ως υλικά πυροπροστασίας. Επιπλέον, η ^κότητα των δειγμάτων είναι αρκετά υψηλή και συγκρίσιμη με άλλα εμπορεύσιμα υλικά που περιέχουν υδρομαγνησίτη. Τα αποθέματα υδρομαγνησίτη στην περιοχή Atlin είχαν υπερεκτιμηθεί στο παρελθόν στους 110.000 τόνους. Προτείνεται μια τεχνο-οικονομική εκτίμηση για να πραγματοποιηθεί ένας πιο ακριβής υπολογισμός των αποθεμάτων της περιοχήςThis research examines the potential of the hydromagnesite deposits at Atlin in British Columbia, Canada, for the mineral fire-retardant market. Mineral fire retardants, such as Mg- and Ca/Mg-carbonates, are environmentally friendly, producing non-toxic and non-corrosive gases during their thermal decomposition. During this research, 70 sediment samples and two bulk samples were collected from the study area and analysed. The results showed that the Atlin deposits are composed mostly of hydromagnesite with minor amounts of very fine-grained, soft and platy magnesite. The general conclusion is that the mineralogical composition of the samples, their behavior during thermal decomposition, and their chemical and physical properties, make them suitable for use as white fillers for flame-retardants. Additionally, the whiteness of the samples is sufficient and comparable to other commercial hydromagnesite-bearing rocks. The Atlin reserves of the hydromagnesite ore bodies were overestimated in past literature as 110,000 tons. A more precise calculation of the reserves during a technoeconomic assessment is required