Trabajo, precios y salarios en la construcción. Granada 1501

Mediante el análisis de los datos suministrados por un cuadernillo de cuentas de gastos de 1501, se muestran distintos aspectos de la actividad laboral de la construcción en Granada en dicha época. El diferente valor de las escalas de trabajadores y precio de los materiales queda expuesto en la contabilidad conservada, referida a las obras llevadas a cabo en unos cuartos privados para la reina Isabel dentro del recinto de la Alhambra.Based on data contained in a notebook of accounts and expenses dating from 1501, different aspects of the construction activity in Granada (Spain) are studied. The conserved accounts reflect the respective values of the workers’ scale and the price of materials for the construction work undertaken in private rooms for Queen Isabel within the enclosure of the Alhambra

HIV-Infected Subjects With Poor CD4 T-Cell Recovery Despite Effective Therapy Express High Levels of OX40 and α4β7 on CD4 T-Cells Prior Therapy Initiation

Background HIV-infected subjects with suboptimal CD4 restoration despite suppressive combined antiretroviral treatment (cART) (immunodiscordant subjects) have been classically characterized after a variable period of time under cART. Recently, we have reported that an increased frequency of proliferating CD4 T-cells in these subjects is already present before the cART onset. The potential contribution of peripheral compensatory homeostatic proliferation (HP) is yet unknown. We aimed to analyze the expression of HP-related cellular markers on CD4 T-cells of immunodiscordant subjects before cART. Go to: Methods We analyzed the expression of OX40 and α4β7 on peripheral CD4 T-cells from immunodiscordant and control subjects (n = 21 each group) before cART initiation, and also on available follow-up samples (after 24 month of suppressive cART). Additionally, we tested the expression of these markers in an in vitro system for the study of human HP processes. Go to: Results Immunodiscordant subjects showed increased levels of OX40 and α4β7 on CD4 T-cells before cART initiation. While the cART tended to reduce these levels, immunodiscordant subjects still maintained comparatively higher levels of OX40 and α4β7 after 24 months under suppressive cART. These HP-related markers were upregulated in vitro during the human HP, especially during the fast HP. Go to: Conclusion Our results are compatible with exacerbated HP processes in immunodiscordant subjects, already before the cART onset.Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria FIS PI14/01693 PI13/0796 PI16/0503Fondos Europeos para el Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) CTS2593Junta de Andalucía. Consejería de Economía, Innovación, Ciencia y Empleo CTS2593AGAUR 2017SGR948GILEAD GLD14/293The Spanish AIDS Research Network of Excellence RD12/0017/0029 RD16/0025/0019 RD16/0025/0006Junta de Andalucía. Consejería de Salud y Bienestar Social C-0013-201

Visible Light Communication System Using an Organic Bulk Heterojunction Photodetector

A visible light communication (VLC) system using an organic bulk heterojunction photodetector (OPD) is presented. The system has been successfully proven indoors with an audio signal. The emitter consists of three commercial high-power white LEDs connected in parallel. The receiver is based on an organic photodetector having as active layer a blend of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). The OPD is opto-electrically characterized, showing a responsivity of 0.18 A/W and a modulation response of 790 kHz at -6 V.This work has been supported by Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid under project S2009/ESP-1781.Publicad

El taller como actividad del campus para la resolución y evaluación por pares de ejercicios

NODepto. de EnfermeríaFac. de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y PodologíaFALSEsubmitte

La Documentación en el Proceso de Iluminación de una Película

Este trabajo surge de la inquietud de un grupo de estudiantes por conocer más de cerca una profesión muy olvidada en el mundo que es la del Operador o Director de Fotografía. Decimos olvidada porque en nuestro proceso de investigación nos hemos sentido en algún momento realmente desamparados. La bibliografía existente es realmente poca en comparación con otros campos de la cinematografía. Además, muchos de estos libros tratan el tema con excesiva superficialidad no profundizando en el tema. En cuanto a revistas, filmografía, make in off, etc., podemos decir que la información más valiosa ha salido como era de esperar de las palabras del profesional

HIV-Infected Subjects With Poor CD4 T-Cell Recovery Despite Effective Therapy Express High Levels of OX40 and α4β7 on CD4 T-Cells Prior Therapy Initiation

BackgroundHIV-infected subjects with suboptimal CD4 restoration despite suppressive combined antiretroviral treatment (cART) (immunodiscordant subjects) have been classically characterized after a variable period of time under cART. Recently, we have reported that an increased frequency of proliferating CD4 T-cells in these subjects is already present before the cART onset. The potential contribution of peripheral compensatory homeostatic proliferation (HP) is yet unknown. We aimed to analyze the expression of HP-related cellular markers on CD4 T-cells of immunodiscordant subjects before cART.MethodsWe analyzed the expression of OX40 and α4β7 on peripheral CD4 T-cells from immunodiscordant and control subjects (n = 21 each group) before cART initiation, and also on available follow-up samples (after 24 month of suppressive cART). Additionally, we tested the expression of these markers in an in vitro system for the study of human HP processes.ResultsImmunodiscordant subjects showed increased levels of OX40 and α4β7 on CD4 T-cells before cART initiation. While the cART tended to reduce these levels, immunodiscordant subjects still maintained comparatively higher levels of OX40 and α4β7 after 24 months under suppressive cART. These HP-related markers were upregulated in vitro during the human HP, especially during the fast HP.ConclusionOur results are compatible with exacerbated HP processes in immunodiscordant subjects, already before the cART onset

Algoritmo de organización de la gestión del conocimiento para la innovación. Caso municipios de Ciego de Ávila, Cuba

Se diseñó un algoritmo de organización de la gestión del conocimiento para la innova- ción en un municipio. El aporte fundamental radica en la secuencia metodológica de pasos que deben seguirse, donde la sistematización, tanto del conocimiento, como de la innovación, permite cubrir las brechas cognoscitivas en correspondencia con las ne- cesidades locales, hasta cubrir las brechas estratégicas del desarrollo. El método pri n- cipal utilizado en el estudio es la investigación-acción. La creación del algoritmo de ges- tión del conocimiento favoreció la articulación entre la universidad, la innovación y el desarrollo local. Además, las bases de datos e información y la participación organizada de los actores locales crecieron de forma sostenida en los municipios

A combined dietary approach using isotope and dental buccal-microwear analysis of human remains from the Neolithic, Roman and Medieval periods from the archaeological site of Tossal de les Basses (Alicante, Spain)

Stable isotope and dental-microwear analysis aremethods commonly used to reconstruct dietary habits in modern and ancient human populations. However, it is rare that they are both used together in the same study, and here both methods are combined to obtain information on human dietary habits from the site of Tossal de les Basses (Alicante, Spain) through time. Middle Neolithic, Late Roman and Medieval (Islamic) individuals have been analyzed for carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of bone collagen, as well as for buccal-dental microwear. Overall, δ13C and δ15N isotopic values show that for all periods the diet was mainly based on C3 terrestrial resources. However, the isotopic signature suggests a small, but clear amount ofmarine protein consumption during the Neolithic period and possibly also for a few individuals from the Medieval period. When compared to other studies from the region, it is also possible to see that the consumption of C4 resources was much more extensive during Medieval times than in previous periods. Microwear scratch density and length found for teeth fromthe Neolithic and Medieval periods reflect a diet inwhich tough foods predominated, requiring substantial pressure to chew in comparison with what was recorded for the Roman individuals. Combined with the δ15N data, the microwear signature suggests a higher input of marine/gritty resources among the Neolithic and Medieval populations compared to the Romans. Our findings also suggest that dietary patterns might be explained by cultural and technological population factors rather than habitat resource availability

Comparative analysis of the impact of geological activity on astronomical sites of the Canary Islands, Hawaii and Chile

An analysis of the impact of seismic and volcanic activity was carried out at selected astronomical sites, namely the observatories of El Teide (Tenerife, Canary Islands), Roque de los Muchachos (La Palma, Canary Islands), Mauna Kea (Hawaii) and Paranal (Chile) and the candidate site of Cerro Ventarrones (Chile). Hazard associated to volcanic activity is low or negligible at all sites, whereas seismic hazard is very high in Chile and Hawaii. The lowest geological hazard in both seismic and volcanic activity was found at Roque de los Muchachos observatory, in the island of La Palma.Comment: 12 pages and 11 figure