Hemorragia digestiva alta decorrente de varize duodenal isolada: um relato de caso e revisão de literatura: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding from isolated duodenal variceal varices: a case report and literature review

Introdução: A hemorragia digestiva é um problema comum encontrado no pronto-socorro. Destacando a relevância desse tema na prática médica, chama atenção uma apresentação atípica de hemorragia digestiva alta: a ruptura de varizes duodenais. O desenvolvimento das varizes duodenais é bastante raro, representando apenas 0,4% de todas as varizes. A maioria dos casos é descoberta acidentalmente, e não é uma causa comum de sangramento por varizes. Objetivos: Este trabalho tem como objetivo o esclarecimento sobre a hemorragia digestiva por varizes duodenais na síndrome de hipertensão portal por esquistossomose visando proporcionar conhecimento sobre suas diferentes apresentações. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de caso. O caso selecionado foi coletado no Hospital Maria Lucinda, localizado em Recife-PE. Para a revisão bibliográfica, foram pesquisados artigos nos bancos de dados PubMed e Science Direct. Resultados: O sangramento de varizes duodenais é uma das complicações da hipertensão portal que está associada à alta morbidade e mortalidade. Apesar dos avanços na terapia, a taxa de letalidade permaneceu alta e a taxa de mortalidade de um único episódio de sangramento por varizes é em torno de 20% no esquistossomótico. Conclusão: A ruptura de variz duodenal é uma causa rara de sangramento gastrointestinal e ocorre, em sua maioria, por cirrose hepática com consequente hipertensão portal. Por se tratar de uma entidade de difícil diagnóstico, ainda não há diretrizes relacionadas ao manejo e as opções terapêuticas incluem abordagem multidisciplinar

Tumor neuroendócrino de intestino delgado: relato de caso / Small bowel neuroendocrine tumor: case report

Os tumores neuroendócrinos (TNEs) são um grupo diverso de neoplasias que surgem de células epiteliais com diferenciação neuroendócrina predominante.¹ Eles representam uma neoplasia rara, de crescimento lento, com algumas características comuns a todas as formas e outras atribuíveis ao órgão de origem.³ Os tumores do intestino delgado correspondem a 1-2% de todas as malignidades gastrointestinais, e os TNEs são apenas um dos subtipos dessas neoplasias raras.4 Os pacientes podem apresentar episódios de dor abdominal em cólica, característica de semi-oclusão intestinal, ou com obstrução completa que requer cirurgia de emergência.¹Apresentamos neste artigo um relato de caso de uma paciente com diagnóstico de tumor neuroendócrino de íleo, o qual apresentou-se inicialmente como um quadro de obstrução intestinal. Para execução do estudo foram extraídos os dados retrospectivos da paciente em questão, presentes no prontuário médico eletrônico do Hospital Otávio de Freitas. Para revisão da literatura foram selecionados artigos científicos nas plataformas online PubMed e Scielo usando os buscadores Tumores Neuroendócrinos, Tumores Neuroendócrinos de Intestino Delgado, e Obstrução Intestinal. Foram selecionados, então, 6 artigos publicados entre os anos de 2016-2020

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Protective Immunity of COVID-19 Vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Following Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Humoral and Cellular Investigation

Infections caused by SARS-CoV-2 induce a severe acute respiratory syndrome called COVID-19 and have led to more than six million deaths worldwide. Vaccination is the most effective preventative measure, and cellular and humoral immunity is crucial to developing individual protection. Here, we aim to investigate hybrid immunity against SARS-CoV-2 triggered by the ChAadOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in a Brazilian cohort. We investigated the immune response from ChAadOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination in naïve (noCOVID-19) and previously infected individuals (COVID-19) by analyzing levels of D-dimers, total IgG, neutralizing antibodies (Nabs), IFN-γ (interferon-γ) secretion, and immunophenotyping of memory lymphocytes. No significant differences in D-dimer levels were observed 7 or 15 days after vaccination (DAV). All vaccinated individuals presented higher levels of total IgG or Nabs with a positive correlation (R = 0.88). Individuals in the COVID-19 group showed higher levels of antibody and memory B cells, with a faster antibody response starting at 7 DAV compared to noCOVID-19 at 15 DAV. Further, ChAadOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination led to enhanced IFN-γ production (15 DAV) and an increase in activated T CD4+ naïve cells in noCOVID-19 individuals in contrast with COVID-19 individuals. Hence, our data support that hybrid immunity triggered by ChAadOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination is associated with enhanced humoral response, together with a balanced cellular response

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

Seminário de Dissertação (2024)

Página da disciplina de Seminário de Dissertação (MPPP, UFPE, 2022) Lista de participantes == https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1mrULe1y04yPxHUBaF50jhaM1OY8QYJ3zva4N4yvm198/edit#gid=

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved