Resposta do girassol a doses de nitrogênio

The sunflower is an oilseed species, rustic, cultivated in different agroecosystems. The responses of cultivars to nitrogen fertilization vary according to the cultivar and environment. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the response of biometric characters of sunflower cv. Embrapa 122-V2000 under N doses. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with five treatments (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg N ha-1) and four blocks. All characters were influenced (p<0.05) by N doses, fitting to the quadratic model. The maximum values of plant height (1.68 m), stem diameter (22.71 mm), leaf area (423.41 cm2), capitulum diameter (15.22 cm), dry biomass yield (6,075.13 kg DM ha-1) and grains (2,982.89 kg ha-1), N use efficiency from biomass (80.3 kg kg-1) and grains (43.27 kg kg-1) close to 90 kg N ha-1, this dose being recommended for the edaphoclimatic conditions of the Agreste Meridional Region of Pernambuco, Brazil.O girassol é uma espécie oleaginosa, rústica, cultivada em diferentes agroecossistemas. As respostas dos cultivares às adubações nitrogenadas variam de acordo com o cultivar e o ambiente. Portanto, esta pesquisa objetivou avaliar a resposta de caracteres biométricos do girassol cv. Embrapa 122-V2000 sob doses de N. O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento em blocos casualizados com cinco tratamentos (0, 40, 80, 120 e 160 kg N ha-1) e quatro blocos. Todos os caracteres foram influenciados (p<0,05) pelas doses de N, ajustando-se ao modelo quadrático. Os valores máximos de altura da planta (1,68 m), diâmetro do colmo (22,71 mm), área foliar (423,41 cm2), diâmetro do capítulo (15,22 cm), produtividade de biomassa seca (6.075,13 kg MS ha-1) e de grãos (2.982,89 kg ha-1), eficiência do uso do N da biomassa (80,3 kg kg-1) e dos grãos (43,27 kg kg-1) próximo aos 90 kg N ha-1, sendo esta dose recomendada para as condições edafoclimáticas da região Agreste Meridional de Pernambuco, Brasil

Desempenho de cultivares de milho para produção de milho verde, minimilho e forragem

Maize has multiple functions and can be used for human consumption, animal feed, or in industrial processes. Grain production has made Brazil a world reference. However, few cultivars are available despite the relevance of sweet corn, especially for family farmers. This is similar to baby corn, in which sweet corn or popcorn is used for its production. In the Brazilian semi-arid region, plant and animal production are limited by water deficit in the dry season. Therefore, the production of sweet and baby corn generates income from the commercialization of the ears and roughage production with the whole-plant harvest. This research has aimed to assess the agronomic performance of five cultivars for sweet corn, baby corn, and fodder production in Agreste Meridional, a semi-arid region of Pernambuco, Brazil. Two experiments were carried out in a randomized block design with five treatments (AG 1051, Alagoano, Branquinha, São Luiz, and PV2 Viçosense) and four blocks. The 1st experiment assessed the performance of the cultivars for sweet corn and fodder yield, in which the cultivars AG 1051 and Branquinha had higher yields for ears (21.9 and 20.3 Mg ha-1) and fodder (10.7 and 10.9 Mg DM ha-1), respectively. The 2nd experiment assessed the performance of the cultivars for baby corn and fodder yield, in which the cultivars AG 1051 and PV2 Viçosense obtained the highest yield for ears (3.1 and 2.9 Mg ha-1, respectively); Branquinha had a higher yield for fodder (8.9 Mg DM ha-1). Therefore, these cultivars have desirable characteristics and can be used in intensive or extensive production.O milho apresenta múltiplas funções, podendo ser utilizado no consumo humano, alimentação animal ou em processos industriais. A produção de grãos tornou o Brasil uma referência mundial. Porém, apesar da relevância do milho verde, principalmente para agricultores familiares, são poucos os cultivares disponíveis. Do mesmo modo, para o minimilho, em que são utilizados milho doce ou pipoca para sua obtenção. Na região semiárida, as produções vegetal e animal são limitadas pelo déficit hídrico na época seca. Portanto, com a produção de milho verde e minimilho é possível obter renda com a comercialização das espigas e produzir volumoso com a colheita da planta inteira. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico de cinco cultivares para produção de milho verde e minimilho e produção de forragem no Agreste Meridional, região semiárida de Pernambuco. Foram realizados dois experimentos no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos (AG 1051, Alagoano, Branquinha, São Luiz e PV2 Viçosense) e quatro blocos. No primeiro experimento avaliou-se o desempenho dos cultivares para produção de milho verde e forragem, em que os cultivares AG 1051 e Branquinha tiveram, respectivamente, maiores produtividades de espigas comerciais (21,9 e 20,3 Mg ha-1) e de forragem (10,7 e 10,9 Mg MS ha-1). No segundo experimento, avaliou-se o desempenho dos cultivares para a produção de minimilho e forragem, em que os cultivares AG 1051 e PV2 Viçosense obtiveram a maior produtividade de espiguetas comerciais (3,1 e 2,9 Mg ha-1, respetivamente); Branquinha, maior produtividade de forragem (8,9 Mg MS ha-1). Portanto, esses cultivares reúnem características desejáveis, podendo ser utilizados em sistemas intensivos ou extensivos de produção

High prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in oral mucosal lesions of patients at the Ambulatory of Oral Diagnosis of the Federal University of Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil

The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in oral carcinogenesis is still controversial as detection rates of the virus in oral cavity reported in the literature varies greatly. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of HPV infection and its genotypes in patients with oral lesions at the Ambulatory of Oral Diagnosis of the Federal University of Sergipe, Brazil. Material and Methods We conducted a molecular study with 21 patients (15 females) aged from two to 83 years with clinically detectable oral lesions. Samples were collected through exfoliation of lesions and HPV-DNA was identified using MY09/11 and GP5+/6+ primers. Genotyping was performed by multiplex PCR. Results Benign, premalignant and malignant lesions were diagnosed by histopathology. HPV was detected in 17 samples. Of these, HPV-6 was detected in 10 samples, HPV-18 in four and HPV-16 in one sample. When samples were categorized by lesion types, HPV was detected in two papilloma cases (2/3), five carcinomas (5/6), one hyperplasia (1/1) and nine dysplasia cases (9/11). Conclusion Unlike other studies in the literature, we reported high occurrence of HPV in oral lesions. Further studies are required to enhance the comprehension of natural history of oral lesions

Polygenic risk score for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and brain functional networks segregation in a community-based sample

Neuroimaging studies suggest that brain development mechanisms might explain at least some behavioural and cognitive attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. However, the putative mechanisms by which genetic susceptibility factors influence clinical features via alterations of brain development remain largely unknown. Here, we set out to integrate genomics and connectomics tools by investigating the associations between an ADHD polygenic risk score (ADHD-PRS) and functional segregation of large-scale brain networks. With this aim, ADHD symptoms score, genetic and rs-fMRI (resting-state functional magnetic resonance image) data obtained in a longitudinal community-based cohort of 227 children and adolescents were analysed. A follow-up was conducted approximately 3 years after the baseline, with rs-fMRI scanning and ADHD likelihood assessment in both stages. We hypothesised a negative correlation between probable ADHD and the segregation of networks involved in executive functions, and a positive correlation with the default-mode network (DMN). Our findings suggest that ADHD-PRS is correlated with ADHD at baseline, but not at follow-up. Despite not surviving for multiple comparison correction, we found significant correlations between ADHD-PRS and segregation of cingulo-opercular networks and DMN at baseline. ADHD-PRS was negatively correlated with the segregation level of cingulo-opercular networks but positively correlated with the DMN segregation. These directions of associations corroborate the proposed counter-balanced role of attentional networks and DMN in attentional processes. However, the association between ADHD-PRS and brain networks functional segregation was not found at follow-up. Our results provide evidence for specific influences of genetic factors on development of attentional networks and DMN. We found significant correlations between polygenic risk score for ADHD (ADHD-PRS) and segregation of cingulo-opercular networks and default-mode network (DMN) at baseline. ADHD-PRS was negatively correlated with the segregation level of cingulo-opercular networks but positively correlated with the DMN segregation

Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes em terapia renal substitutiva no Brasil, 2000-2004

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients under renal replacement therapies, identifying risk factors for death. METHODS: This is a non-concurrent cohort study of data for 90,356 patients in the National Renal Replacement Therapies Database. A deterministic-probabilistic linkage was performed using the Authorization System for High Complexity/Cost Procedures and the Mortality Information System databases. All patients who started dialysis between 1/1/2000 and 12/31/2004 were included and followed until death or the end of 2004. Age, sex, region of residence, primary renal disease and causes of death were analyzed. A proportional hazards model was used to identify factors associated with risk of death. RESULTS: The prevalence of patients under renal replacement therapies increased an average of 5.5%, while incidence remained stable during the period. Hemodialysis was the predominant initial modality (89%). The patients were majority male with mean age 53 years, residents of the Southeast region and presented unknown causes as the main cause of chronic renal disease, followed by hypertension, diabetes and glomerulonephritis. Of these patients, 42% progressed to death and 7% underwent kidney transplantation. The patients on peritoneal dialysis were older and had higher prevalence of diabetes. The death rate varied from 7% among transplanted patients to 45% among non-transplanted patients. In the final Cox proportional hazards model, the risk of mortality was associated with increasing age, female sex, having diabetes, living in the North and Northeast region, peritoneal dialysis as a first modality and not having renal transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: There was an increased prevalence of patients on renal therapy in Brazil. Increased risk of death was associated with advanced age, diabetes, the female sex, residents of the North and Northeast region and lack of renal transplant.OBJETIVO: Describir el perfil epidemiológico y clínico de pacientes en terapia renal substitutiva, identificando factores asociados al riesgo de muerte. MÉTODOS: Estudio de observación, prospectivo no concurrente, a partir de datos de 90.356 pacientes de la Base Nacional en Terapias Renales Substitutivas, en Brasil. Fue realizado reracionamiento determinístico-probabilístico del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad. Fueron incluidos todos los pacientes incidentes que iniciaron diálisis entre 1/1/2000 y 31/12/2004, acompañados hasta la muerte o final de 2004. Edad, sexo, región de residencia, enfermedad renal primaria, causa del óbito fueron analizados. Se ajustó un modelo de riesgos proporcionales para identificar factores asociados al riesgo de muerte. RESULTADOS: Ocurrió un aumento promedio de 5,5% en la prevalencia de pacientes en terapia, con relación a la incidencia se mantuvo estable en el período. Hemodiálisis fue la modalidad inicial predominante (89%). La mayoría de los pacientes era del sexo masculino, con edad promedio de 53 años, residente en la región Sureste y presentaba causa indeterminada como principal causa básica de la enfermedad renal crónica, seguida de la hipertensión, diabetes y glomerulonefritis. De esos pacientes, 7% realizaron transplante renal y 42% evolucionaron a óbito. Los pacientes en diálisis peritoneal eran más ancianos y presentaban mayor prevalencia de diabetes. Entre los no transplantados, 45% fueron a óbito y, entre los transplantadas 7%. En el modelo final de riesgos proporcionales de Cox, el riesgo de mortalidad estuvo asociado con el aumento de la edad, sexo femenino, tener diabetes, residir en la región Norte y Noreste, diálisis peritoneal como modalidad de entrada y no haber realizado transplante renal. CONCLUSIONES: Hubo aumento de la prevalencia de pacientes en terapia renal en Brasil. Pacientes con edad avanzada, diabetes, del sexo femenino, residentes en la región Norte y Noreste y sin transplante renal presentan mayor riesgo de muerte.OBJETIVO: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico e clínico de pacientes em terapia renal substitutiva, identificando fatores associados ao risco de morte. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, prospectivo não concorrente, a partir de dados de 90.356 pacientes da Base Nacional em Terapias Renais Substitutivas, no Brasil. Foi realizado relacionamento determinístico-probabilístico do Sistema de Autorização de Procedimentos de Alta Complexidade/Custo e do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade. Foram incluídos todos os pacientes incidentes que iniciaram diálise entre 1/1/2000 e 31/12/2004, acompanhados até a morte ou final de 2004. Idade, sexo, região de residência, doença renal primária, causa do óbito foram analisados. Ajustou-se um modelo de riscos proporcionais para identificar fatores associados ao risco de morte. RESULTADOS: Ocorreu um aumento médio de 5,5% na prevalência de pacientes em terapia enquanto a incidência manteve-se estável no período. Hemodiálise foi a modalidade inicial predominante (89%). A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino, com idade média de 53 anos, residente na região Sudeste, e apresentava causa indeterminada como principal causa básica da doença renal crônica, seguida da hipertensão, diabetes e glomerulonefrites. Desses pacientes, 7% realizou transplante renal e 42% evoluiu para o óbito. Os pacientes em diálise peritoneal eram mais idosos e apresentavam maior prevalência de diabetes. Entre os não transplantados, 45% foi a óbito e, entre os transplantados, 7%. No modelo final de riscos proporcionais de Cox, o risco de mortalidade foi associado com o aumento da idade, sexo feminino, ter diabetes, residir nas regiões Norte e Nordeste, diálise peritoneal como modalidade de entrada e não ter realizado transplante renal. CONCLUSÕES: Houve aumento da prevalência de pacientes em terapia renal no Brasil. Pacientes com idade avançada, diabetes, do sexo feminino, residentes nas regiões Norte e Nordeste e sem transplante renal apresentam maior risco de morte

Erratum to: The study of cardiovascular risk in adolescents – ERICA: rationale, design and sample characteristics of a national survey examining cardiovascular risk factor profile in Brazilian adolescents

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The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since July 2014. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the fourteenth from SDSS overall (making this, Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes public data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (July 2014-2016). Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS); the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data driven machine learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release, and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V.Comment: SDSS-IV collaboration alphabetical author data release paper. DR14 happened on 31st July 2017. 19 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJS on 28th Nov 2017 (this is the "post-print" and "post-proofs" version; minor corrections only from v1, and most of errors found in proofs corrected