6 research outputs found

    Methods and Tools Currently Used for the Identification of Plant Parasitic Nematodes

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    Plant parasitic nematodes are one of the limiting factors for production of major crops worldwide. Overall, they cause an estimated annual crop loss of $78 billion worldwide and an average 10–15% crop yield losses. This imposes a challenge to sustainable production of food worldwide. Unsustainable cropping production with monocultures, intensive planting, and expansion of crops to newly opened areas has increased problems associated with nematodes. Thus, finding sustainable methods to control these pathogens is in current need. The correct diagnosis of nematode species is essential for choosing proper control methods and meaningful research. Morphology-based nematode taxonomy has been challenging due to intraspecific variation in characters. Alternatively, tools and methods based on biochemical and molecular markers have allowed successful diagnosis for a wide number of nematode species. Although these new methods have been useful due to their practical, fast, accuracy, and cost effective, the use of integrative diagnose, combining morphology, biochemical and molecular data is more appropriate when necessary to strength diagnose, define species boundaries, and to have a more suitable molecular database for nematode species. Here, we report a review on current methods and tools used to identify plant parasitic nematodes

    AÇÕES CONJUNTAS E GANHOS COLETIVOS NO APL DE CALÇADOS FEMININOS DE JAÚ (SP)

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    The objective of this research is to verify that the joint actions carried out between the various actors of the APL - Local Productive Arrangement of Women's Shoes in Jaú generate “collective gains” for producers and provide competitive advantages for the production chain. The methodological approach of this work fits into the exploratory descriptive research. The case study method was used for the development of the research. The results show that, although there is low cooperation between producers, deliberate joint actions (active external economies) between the APL actors generate collective gains and promote competitive advantage in the cluster's productive chain. Local/regional development attracts other companies (subsidiaries) close to the location, generating jobs and income.El objetivo de esta investigación es verificar que las acciones conjuntas realizadas entre los diversos actores del APL (Arreglo Productivo Local) para Zapatos de Mujer en Jaú generen “ganancias colectivas” para los productores y brinden ventajas competitivas para la cadena de producción. El enfoque metodológico de este trabajo se ajusta a la investigación exploratoria descriptiva. El método de estudio de caso se utilizó para el desarrollo de la investigación. Los resultados muestran que, aunque existe poca cooperación entre los productores, las acciones conjuntas deliberadas (economías externas activas) entre los actores de APL generan ganancias colectivas y promueven una ventaja competitiva en la cadena productiva del clúster. El desarrollo local/regional atrae a otras empresas (filiales) a la proximidad de la ubicación, generando empleos e ingresos.O objetivo desta pesquisa é constatar que as ações conjuntas realizadas entre os diversos atores do APL (Arranjo Produtivo Local) de Calçados Femininos de Jaú geram “ganhos coletivos” aos produtores e propiciam vantagens competitivas para a cadeia produtiva. O enfoque metodológico deste trabalho enquadra-se na pesquisa descritiva do tipo exploratória. Utilizou-se o método de estudo de caso para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. Os resultados apontam que, embora constata-se baixa cooperação entre os produtores, as ações conjuntas deliberadas (economias externas ativas) entre os atores do APL geram ganhos coletivos e promovem vantagem competitiva na cadeia produtiva do aglomerado. O desenvolvimento local/regional atrai outras empresas (subsidiárias) para a proximidade do local, gerando empregos e renda

    Paciente pediátrico portador de transtorno espectro autista em um ambulatório: relato de experiência / Pediatric patient with autistic spectrum disorder in an outpatient clinic: experience report

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    O transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) é um grupo de distúrbios do desenvolvimento neurológico de início precoce, caracterizado por comprometimento das habilidades sociais e de comunicação, além de comportamentos estereotipados. Este trabalho teve como objetivo relatar a experiência vivenciadas durante o período das aulas práticas em um ambulatório pediátrico, pontuando a assistência de enfermagem para um paciente pediátrico com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA), e os cuidados voltados para as suas enfermidades. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência, realizado por acadêmicas de enfermagem da Universidade da Amazônia - UNAMA, durante as aulas práticas em um ambulatório infantil em Belém – PA, concluímos que a importância do enfermeiro sobre orientar os pais, e direciona-los a consultar o filho com outros profissionais da equipe multiprofissional de saúde, e para melhorar a qualidade de vida da criança.

    ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

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    Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

    Número 56

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    Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

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    As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved
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