13 research outputs found

    Estratégias e desafios da gestão da Atenção Primária à Saúde no controle e prevenção da obesidade

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    A obesidade é considerada como problema de saúde pública no Brasil, com necessidade de intervenção por parte das equipes no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde-APS.  Objetivou-se com este trabalho  analisar as estratégias utilizadas no controle da obesidade, e apontar  possíveis desafios a serem superados no âmbito da APS por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. A busca dos artigos foi realizada em bases de dados LILACS e Scielo disponíveis na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, no total de 16 artigos. Os resultados evidenciaram o despreparo da APS na prevenção e controle da obesidade, em razão da carência de envolvimento dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde como responsáveis pela prática de promoção da saúde. Em relação aos Centros de Saúde ainda carecem práticas de promoção da alimentação saudável voltadas para população de baixa renda, que muitas vezes compra alimentos mais baratos, porém com alto teor de açucar. O aumento da obesidade na população beneficiária do Programa Bolsa-Família demostra a falta da efetividade de acompanhamento nutricional desses indivíduos. A vulnerabilidade da população de baixa renda, especialmente as mulheres, necessita maior atenção e o papel dessas mulheres como promotoras de saúde em sua família é  estratégia a ser considerada

    Currículo e Relações Étnico-Raciais: o Estado da Arte

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    Este artigo apresenta a sistematização e a análise dos 38 artigos, 13 teses e 50 dissertações da Categoria Currículo. Inicialmente, demonstraremos os resultados do exame das teses e das dissertações. Em seguida, refletiremos acerca dos artigos. Para a leitura e análise dos artigos e da produção discente, utilizamos como subsídio os referenciais da análise de conteúdo, por meio da análise categorial (BARDIN, 2008). Ao final, apresentaremos os caminhos abertos para pesquisas futuras e as recomendações da produção investigada para a implementação da Lei nº 10.639/2003

    ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

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    Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

    Eficiência nutricional e aproveitamento do nitrogênio pelo capim-marandu de pastagem em estágio moderado de degradação sob doses e fontes de nitrogênio Nutritional efficiency and nitrogen uptake by capim-marandu at pasture in moderate stage of degradation under doses and sources of nitrogen

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    O presente estudo foi desenvolvido sob condições de campo, visando avaliar a eficiência no uso e no aproveitamento do nitrogênio pelo capim-marandu por meio de diversos índices. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Modelo da Universidade Estadual de Goiás (UEG) num Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, no período de julho de 2003 a março de 2006. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. Os tratamentos nas parcelas foram caracterizados por um fatorial 2 x 4, sendo duas fontes de N (sulfato de amônio e uréia) e quatro doses de N (0, 100, 200 e 300 kg/ha). Na subparcela, os tratamentos foram representados pelos anos (2004, 2005 e 2006), referentes ao tempo de recuperação da pastagem. A adubação nitrogenada foi parcelada em três aplicações após cada corte de avaliação da forrageira. Foram realizados três cortes da forrageira por ano, avaliando-se a massa seca e os teores de N nos tecidos. Com esses resultados, avaliaram-se os índices de Eficiência de Utilização do N (EUN), Recuperação do N Aplicado (RNA), Eficiência Agronômica do N Aplicado (EA) e Eficiência Fisiológica (EF) ou Eficiência Biológica. Os resultados mostraram que a EUN aumentou, enquanto que a RNA, EA e a EF diminuíram com o aumento das doses de N aplicadas. Em todos os casos, os índices foram influenciados pelos anos de recuperação da forrageira estudados, mas não pelas fontes de N.This study was accomplished under field conditions, to evaluate the use and efficiency of nitrogen uptake, through various indexes, in pasture of Brachiaria brizantha. The experiment was conduced at the Model Farm of the Goiás State University in a distrophic Dark Red Latosol, from 2003 July to 2006 March. The experimental design was randon blocks, with three replicates. The treatments were placed in parcels characterized by a 2x4 factorial, with two sources of N (ammonium sulfate and urea) and four doses of N (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg/ha/year). In sub - parcel, the treatments were represented per years (2004, 2005 and 2006) refering to time of pasture recovery. The use of nitrogen was divided in three times, after each cut evaluation of the forage pasture. Three cuts were made per year, evaluating dry mass and N accumulation in the tissue. Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency, Recovery from the N Applied, Agronomic Efficiency from the N Applied, Physiological or Biological Efficiency indexes were evaluated. The results showed that EUN increased, while RNA, EA and EF reduced with the increase in the N doses applied. In all cases, the indexes were influenced by the years of recovery the herbage, and not by the sources of N

    Show Opinião: quando a MPB entra em cena (1964-1965)

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    Analisando as pesquisas em educação especial no Brasil Analysing research in special education in Brazil

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    Nosso objetivo foi examinar a articulação lógica entre o problema e a proposição teórico-metodológica das produções na área da Educação Especial, focando os seus pressupostos epistemológicos. Nos fundamentamos nos pressupostos das tendências empírico-analítica, fenomenológica-hermenêutica, crítico-dialética e do paradigma da complexidade. O procedimento adotado foi interpretar todas as dissertações/teses produzidas nos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Educação e Educação Especial do Brasil, que versam sobre Educação Especial, produzidas nos anos de 2001, 2002 e 2003, disponíveis no banco de teses da CAPES. Encontramos as tendências empírica, fenomenológica e dialética. Os equívocos encontrados foram a não inserção da pesquisa entre as produções na área; ausência de criticidade; não posicionamento numa determinada concepção de educação; construção teórica fundamentada em concepções diferentes; falta de coerência nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos; não explicitação metodológica; não descrição dos procedimentos éticos; e má elaboração dos resumos. Concluímos pela necessidade da melhoria das dissertações/teses para que possamos avançar na produção de conhecimento na área da Educação Especial.<br>Our objective was to analyze the logical articulation between the problem and the theoretical-methodological proposal of studies in the field of Special Education, focusing on the epistemological issues. We based our study on the empiric-analytical tendencies, phenomenology-hermeneutic, critical-dialectical and the complexity paradigm. The procedure that was adopted was interpreting all dissertations/thesis produced in Post-Graduate programs in Education and Special Education in Brazil, which focus on Special Education, produced in 2001, 2002 and 2003, available online at CAPES' thesis database. We found empirical, phenomenological and dialectic tendencies. The errors encountered included the failure to include the research among the productions in the field; lack of critical approach; lack of making explicit what educational conception the study was based on; theoretical construction based on different conceptions; lack of coherence in the theoretical-methodological proposals; lack of methodological specification; absence of ethical procedural descriptions; and poorly written abstracts. We came to the conclusion that improvements in theses /dissertations are necessary so as to continually move forward in the production of knowledge in the field of Special Education

    NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

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    Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

    Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

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    As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved
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