Estratégias de marketing verde em redes hoteleiras

Com o aumento do turismo como forma de lazer, a indústria hoteleira passou a ser de grande importância para as questões ambientais e começou a adotar práticas verdes como diferencial. Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar como o marketing verde está sendo utilizado nas redes hoteleiras para atrair clientes, e como as mesmas impactam e influencia na tomada de decisão dos consumidores. As práticas hoteleiras podem ser adaptadas à escolha da região, tipos de clientes, missão e visão do hotel e o impacto que o mesmo quer ter sobre a comunidade que está inserido, como por exemplo com a escolha adequada dos materiais, tanto para a construção do edifício como para sua manutenção, reduzindo o consumo de energia e demais recursos básicos, treinamento de funcionários e serviços oferecidos aos clientes

Oral Desensitization to Penicillin for the Treatment of Pregnant Women with Syphilis: A Successful Program

<div><p>Abstract Gestational syphilis is a prevalent disease in Brazil and other low and medium income countries. Desensitization to penicillin is recommended for pregnant women with syphilis who are allergic to β-lactams. This is a descriptive study utilizing outpatient medical records from 2011 to 2015 from a mother and child hospital that is part of the national healthcare system in the South of Brazil, which performs an average of 3,600 birth assistances per year. All cases of pregnant women with syphilis and presumptive diagnosis of β-lactam allergy during the study period were included. The patients referred for desensitization originated from the hospital prenatal care service, as well as from municipal/state antenatal care services. Oral desensitization was performed in the obstetric emergency room, and adult and pediatric intensive care units were available at all times. Ten patients underwent desensitization during the period of study. Personal history of urticaria was the most common reaction that demanded desensitization. All patients tolerated the procedure well, and showed no adverse reactions.We report a successful program of oral desensitization. None of the patients presented adverse reactions or complications, a fact that corroborates the feasibility and safety of the desensitization protocol. Oral administration of penicillin comes at a low cost, and optimizes the use of time and resources.</p></div

Genes, inflammatory response, tolerance, and resistance to virus infections in migratory birds, bats, and rodents

CD was supported by Brazilian National Research Council - CNPq Process No 407075/2021-6 and No. 301268/2019-3, UFPA/EBSERH and UFPA/FINEP/FADESPSOS Equipment 2021 and AMT was supported by CAPES doctoral fellowship. PFCV was supported by the National Institute for Science and Technology for Emerging and Reemerging Viruses (INCT-VER grant CNPq process 406360/2022-7) and by CNPq process 310295/2021-1. DB was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT-PTDC/MED-NEU/2382/2021, LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-031395, UIDB/04138/2020 and UIDP/04138/2020). Programa de Apoio à publicação qualificada - PROPESP/UFPA (PAPQ). DD was supported by the Brazilian National Research Council-CNPq (PDS fellowship CNPq Proc No.168555(2021-2)Instituto Federal de Educação. Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia. Bragança, PA, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil / Universidade Federal do Pará. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto. Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção. Belém, PA, Brazil.Instituto Federal de Educação. Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia. Bragança, PA, Brazil / Universidade Federal do Pará. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto. Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção. Belém, PA, Brazil.Instituto Federal de Educação. Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia. Bragança, PA, Brazil.Instituto Federal de Educação. Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia. Bragança, PA, Brazil.Instituto Federal de Educação. Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia. Bragança, PA, Brazil.Instituto Federal de Educação. Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia. Bragança, PA, Brazil.Instituto Federal de Educação. Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia. Bragança, PA, Brazil.Instituto Federal de Educação. Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia. Bragança, PA, Brazil.Universidade do Estado do Pará. Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde. Belém, PA, Brazil / Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Universidade de Lisboa. Faculty of Pharmacy. Research Institute for Medicines. Lisbon, Portugal / Universidade de Lisboa. Faculty of Pharmacy. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines. Lisbon, Portugal.University of Oxford, Department of Pharmacology. Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology. Oxford, United Kingdom.Instituto Federal de Educação. Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia. Bragança, PA, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Pará. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto. Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção. Belém, PA, Brazil.Normally, the host immunological response to viral infection is coordinated to restore homeostasis and protect the individual from possible tissue damage. The two major approaches are adopted by the host to deal with the pathogen: resistance or tolerance. The nature of the responses often differs between species and between individuals of the same species. Resistance includes innate and adaptive immune responses to control virus replication. Disease tolerance relies on the immune response allowing the coexistence of infections in the host with minimal or no clinical signs, while maintaining sufficient viral replication for transmission. Here, we compared the virome of bats, rodents and migratory birds and the molecular mechanisms underlying symptomatic and asymptomatic disease progression. We also explore the influence of the host physiology and environmental influences on RNA virus expression and how it impacts on the whole brain transcriptome of seemingly healthy semipalmated sandpiper (Calidris pusilla) and spotted sandpiper (Actitis macularius). Three time points throughout the year were selected to understand the importance of longitudinal surveys in the characterization of the virome. We finally revisited evidence that upstream and downstream regulation of the inflammatory response is, respectively, associated with resistance and tolerance to viral infection

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved