202 research outputs found
Multiplicity dependence of jet-like two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at = 5.02 TeV
Two-particle angular correlations between unidentified charged trigger and
associated particles are measured by the ALICE detector in p-Pb collisions at a
nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The transverse-momentum
range 0.7 5.0 GeV/ is examined,
to include correlations induced by jets originating from low
momen\-tum-transfer scatterings (minijets). The correlations expressed as
associated yield per trigger particle are obtained in the pseudorapidity range
. The near-side long-range pseudorapidity correlations observed in
high-multiplicity p-Pb collisions are subtracted from both near-side
short-range and away-side correlations in order to remove the non-jet-like
components. The yields in the jet-like peaks are found to be invariant with
event multiplicity with the exception of events with low multiplicity. This
invariance is consistent with the particles being produced via the incoherent
fragmentation of multiple parton--parton scatterings, while the yield related
to the previously observed ridge structures is not jet-related. The number of
uncorrelated sources of particle production is found to increase linearly with
multiplicity, suggesting no saturation of the number of multi-parton
interactions even in the highest multiplicity p-Pb collisions. Further, the
number scales in the intermediate multiplicity region with the number of binary
nucleon-nucleon collisions estimated with a Glauber Monte-Carlo simulation.Comment: 23 pages, 6 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 17,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/161
Multi-particle azimuthal correlations in p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
Measurements of multi-particle azimuthal correlations (cumulants) for charged
particles in p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions are presented. They help address the
question of whether there is evidence for global, flow-like, azimuthal
correlations in the p-Pb system. Comparisons are made to measurements from the
larger Pb-Pb system, where such evidence is established. In particular, the
second harmonic two-particle cumulants are found to decrease with multiplicity,
characteristic of a dominance of few-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions.
However, when a gap is placed to suppress such correlations,
the two-particle cumulants begin to rise at high-multiplicity, indicating the
presence of global azimuthal correlations. The Pb-Pb values are higher than the
p-Pb values at similar multiplicities. In both systems, the second harmonic
four-particle cumulants exhibit a transition from positive to negative values
when the multiplicity increases. The negative values allow for a measurement of
to be made, which is found to be higher in Pb-Pb collisions at
similar multiplicities. The second harmonic six-particle cumulants are also
found to be higher in Pb-Pb collisions. In Pb-Pb collisions, we generally find
which is indicative of a Bessel-Gaussian
function for the distribution. For very high-multiplicity Pb-Pb
collisions, we observe that the four- and six-particle cumulants become
consistent with 0. Finally, third harmonic two-particle cumulants in p-Pb and
Pb-Pb are measured. These are found to be similar for overlapping
multiplicities, when a gap is placed.Comment: 25 pages, 11 captioned figures, 3 tables, authors from page 20,
published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/87
ĐĐșŃŃĐ°Đ»ŃĐœŃ ĐżĐžŃĐ°ĐœĐœŃ ŃДалŃĐ·Đ°ŃŃŃ ŃĐżĐŸŃĐ”ŃĐœĐžŃ Đ·ĐŸĐ±ĐŸĐČ'ŃĐ·Đ°ĐœŃ ĐČ ĐœĐŸŃĐ°ŃŃĐ°Đ»ŃĐœĐŸĐŒŃ ĐżŃĐŸŃĐ”ŃŃ
ĐĄŃĐ°ŃŃŃ ĐżŃĐžŃĐČŃŃĐ”ĐœĐ° ŃĐ”ĐŸŃĐ”ŃĐžŃĐœĐŸĐŒŃ ĐŽĐŸŃĐ»ŃĐŽĐ¶Đ”ĐœĐœŃ ĐČажлОĐČĐŸŃŃŃ ĐČĐžĐșĐŸŃĐžŃŃĐ°ĐœĐœŃ ŃŃĐœŃŃŃĐžŃ
ĐŒĐ”Ń
Đ°ĐœŃĐ·ĐŒŃĐČ ĐżŃĐ”ĐČĐ”ĐœŃĐžĐČĐœĐŸŃ ŃŃŃĐžŃŃŃ ŃĐ° ĐŽŃŃĐČĐŸŃŃŃ ĐżŃĐ°ĐČĐŸĐ·Đ°Ń
ĐžŃĐœĐŸŃ ŃŃĐœĐșŃŃŃ ĐœĐŸŃĐ°ŃŃĐ°ŃŃ.
ĐĐŸĐČĐ”ĐŽĐ”ĐœĐŸ, ŃĐŸ ĐœĐŸŃĐ°ŃŃŃŃ ŃĐș гаŃĐ°ĐœŃ ĐżŃĐ”ĐČĐ”ĐœŃĐžĐČĐœĐŸŃŃŃ ĐżŃĐ°ĐČĐŸĐČŃĐŽĐœĐŸŃĐžĐœ ŃДалŃĐ·ŃŃ ŃĐČĐŸŃ ĐżŃĐ°ĐČĐŸĐ·Đ°Ń
ĐžŃĐœŃ ŃŃĐœĐșŃŃŃ ĐœĐ” лОŃĐ” ĐœĐ° ŃŃĐ°ĐŽŃŃ ŃДалŃĐ·Đ°ŃŃŃ ŃĐżĐŸŃĐ”ŃĐœĐžŃ
Đ·ĐŸĐ±ĐŸĐČŃĐ·Đ°ĐœŃ, ŃĐ»ŃŃ
ĐŸĐŒ ĐČŃĐžĐœĐ”ĐœĐœŃ ĐČĐžĐșĐŸĐœĐ°ĐČŃĐŸĐłĐŸ ĐœĐ°ĐżĐžŃŃ ĐœĐ° Đ±ĐŸŃĐłĐŸĐČĐŸĐŒŃ ĐŽĐŸĐșŃĐŒĐ”ĐœŃŃ, Đ° Ń ĐœĐ° ŃŃĐ°ĐŽŃŃ ŃĐ·ĐłĐŸĐŽĐ¶Đ”ĐœĐœŃ ŃĐ° ĐČĐžĐșĐ»Đ°ĐŽĐ”ĐœĐœŃ ĐČŃŃŃ
ŃŃŃĐŸŃĐœĐžŃ
ŃĐŒĐŸĐČ ĐŽĐŸĐłĐŸĐČĐŸŃŃ.
ĐĐ»ŃŃĐŸĐČŃ ŃĐ»ĐŸĐČĐ°: ĐœĐŸŃĐ°ŃŃĐ°Ń; ĐżŃĐ°ĐČĐŸĐ·Đ°Ń
ĐžŃĐœĐ° ŃŃĐœĐșŃŃŃ ĐœĐŸŃĐ°ŃŃĐ°ŃŃ; ĐČĐžĐșĐŸĐœĐ°ĐœĐœŃ Đ·ĐŸĐ±ĐŸĐČŃĐ·Đ°ĐœŃ; ĐżŃĐ”ĐČĐ”ĐœŃĐžĐČĐœĐ° ŃŃŃĐžŃŃŃ.ĐĄŃĐ°ŃŃŃ ĐżĐŸŃĐČŃŃĐ”ĐœĐ° ŃĐ”ĐŸŃĐ”ŃĐžŃĐ”ŃĐșĐŸĐŒŃ ĐžŃŃĐ»Đ”ĐŽĐŸĐČĐ°ĐœĐžŃ ĐœĐ”ĐŸĐ±Ń
ĐŸĐŽĐžĐŒĐŸŃŃĐž ĐžŃĐżĐŸĐ»ŃĐ·ĐŸĐČĐ°ĐœĐžŃ
ŃŃŃĐ”ŃŃĐČŃŃŃĐžŃ
ĐŒĐ”Ń
Đ°ĐœĐžĐ·ĐŒĐŸĐČ ĐżŃĐ”ĐČĐ”ĐœŃĐžĐČĐœĐŸĐč ŃŃŃĐžŃОО Đž ĐŽĐ”ĐčŃŃĐČĐ”ĐœĐœĐŸŃŃĐž ĐżŃĐ°ĐČĐŸĐ·Đ°ŃĐžŃĐœĐŸĐč
ŃŃĐœĐșŃОО ĐœĐŸŃĐ°ŃОаŃĐ°. ĐĐŸĐșĐ°Đ·ŃĐČĐ°Đ”ŃŃŃ, ŃŃĐŸ ĐœĐŸŃĐ°ŃĐžŃŃ ĐșĐ°Đș гаŃĐ°ĐœŃ ĐżŃĐ”ĐČĐ”ĐœŃĐžĐČĐœĐŸŃŃĐž ĐżŃĐ°ĐČĐŸĐŸŃĐœĐŸŃĐ”ĐœĐžĐč ŃДалОзŃĐ”Ń ŃĐČĐŸĐž ĐżŃĐ°ĐČĐŸĐ·Đ°ŃĐžŃĐœŃĐ” ŃŃĐœĐșŃОО ĐœĐ” ŃĐŸĐ»ŃĐșĐŸ ĐœĐ° ŃŃаЎОО ŃДалОзаŃОО
ĐžĐżĐŸŃĐ”ŃĐœŃŃ
ĐŸĐ±ŃĐ·Đ°ŃДлŃŃŃĐČ, ĐČ ŃĐČŃĐ·Đž Ń ŃĐŸĐČĐ”ŃŃĐ”ĐœĐžĐ”ĐŒ ĐžŃĐżĐŸĐ»ĐœĐžŃДлŃĐœĐŸĐč ĐœĐ°ĐŽĐżĐžŃĐž ĐœĐ° ĐŽĐŸĐ»ĐłĐŸĐČĐŸĐŒ
ĐŽĐŸĐșŃĐŒĐ”ĐœŃĐ”, Đ° Đž ĐœĐ° ŃŃаЎОО ŃĐŸĐłĐ»Đ°ŃĐŸĐČĐ°ĐœĐžŃ Đž ĐžĐ·Đ»ĐŸĐ¶Đ”ĐœĐžŃ ĐČŃĐ”Ń
ŃŃŃĐ”ŃŃĐČĐ”ĐœĐœŃŃ
ŃŃĐ»ĐŸĐČĐžĐč ĐŽĐŸĐłĐŸĐČĐŸŃĐ°.
ĐĐ»ŃŃĐ”ĐČŃĐ” ŃĐ»ĐŸĐČĐ°: ĐœĐŸŃĐ°ŃОаŃ; ĐżŃĐ°ĐČĐŸĐ·Đ°ŃĐžŃĐœĐ°Ń ŃŃĐœĐșŃĐžŃ ĐœĐŸŃĐ°ŃОаŃŃ; ĐžŃĐżĐŸĐ»ĐœĐ”ĐœĐžĐ” ĐŸĐ±ŃĐ·Đ°ŃДлŃŃŃĐČ; ĐżŃĐ”ĐČĐ”ĐœŃĐžĐČĐœĐ°Ń ŃŃŃĐžŃĐžŃ.This article is dedicated into theoretical research of importance in using special mechanism of prevention justitia and acting law defender functions of notoriety. It is argued that
notaries as a guaranty of prevention law relation realizes his law defender functions not only
on the stage of realization ipothek obligations, making performance inscription on the duty
document, but on the stage of consenting and stating all existence conditions of contract.
Key words: notoriety, law defender function of notaries, making obligations, prevention
justitia
K0S and Î production in Pb-Pb collisions at sNNâââââ=2.76ââTeV
The ALICE measurement of K0S and Î production at midrapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at sNNââââ=2.76ââTeV is presented. The transverse momentum (pT) spectra are shown for several collision centrality intervals and in the pT range from 0.4ââGeV/c (0.6ââGeV/c for Î) to 12ââGeV/c. The pT dependence of the Î/K0S ratios exhibits maxima in the vicinity of 3ââGeV/c, and the positions of the maxima shift towards higher pT with increasing collision centrality. The magnitude of these maxima increases by almost a factor of three between most peripheral and most central Pb-Pb collisions. This baryon excess at intermediate pT is not observed in pp interactions at sâ=0.9ââTeV and at sâ=7ââTeV. Qualitatively, the baryon enhancement in heavy-ion collisions is expected from radial flow. However, the measured pT spectra above 2ââGeV/c progressively decouple from hydrodynamical-model calculations. For higher values of pT, models that incorporate the influence of the medium on the fragmentation and hadronization processes describe qualitatively the pT dependence of the Î/K0S ratio
Charged jet cross sections and properties in proton-proton collisions at root s=7 TeV
The differential charged jet cross sections, jet fragmentation distributions, and jet shapes are measured in minimum bias proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energy root s = 7 TeV using the ALICE detector at the LHC. Jets are reconstructed from charged particle momenta in the midrapidity region using the sequential recombination k(T) and anti-k(T) as well as the SISCone jet finding algorithms with several resolution parameters in the range R = 0.2-0.6. Differential jet production cross sections measured with the three jet finders are in agreement in the transverse momentum (p(T)) interval 20 ) of the reconstructed jet p(T). The fragmentation of leading jets with R = 0.4 using scaled p(T) spectra of the jet constituents is studied. The measurements are compared to model calculations from event generators (PYTHIA, PHOJET, HERWIG). The measured radial density distributions and distributions are well described by the PYTHIA model (tune Perugia-2011). The fragmentation distributions are better described by HERWIG.Peer reviewe
Performance of the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC
ALICE is the heavy-ion experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The experiment continuously took data during the first physics campaign of the machine from fall 2009 until early 2013, using proton and lead-ion beams. In this paper we describe the running environment and the data handling procedures, and discuss the performance of the ALICE detectors and analysis methods for various physics observables
Measurement of charged jet suppression in Pb-Pb collisions at = 2.76 TeV
A measurement of the transverse momentum spectra of jets in Pb-Pb collisions at âsNN = 2.76TeV is reported. Jets are reconstructed from charged particles using the anti-k T jet algorithm with jet resolution parameters R of 0.2 and 0.3 in pseudo-rapidity |η| < 0.5. The transverse momentum p T of charged particles is measured down to 0.15 GeV/c which gives access to the low p T fragments of the jet. Jets found in heavy-ion collisions are corrected event-by-event for average background density and on an inclusive basis (via unfolding) for residual background fluctuations and detector effects. A strong suppression of jet production in central events with respect to peripheral events is observed. The suppression is found to be similar to the suppression of charged hadrons, which suggests that substantial energy is radiated at angles larger than the jet resolution parameter R = 0.3 considered in the analysis. The fragmentation bias introduced by selecting jets with a high p T leading particle, which rejects jets with a soft fragmentation pattern, has a similar effect on the jet yield for central and peripheral events. The ratio of jet spectra with R = 0.2 and R = 0.3 is found to be similar in Pb-Pb and simulated PYTHIA pp events, indicating no strong broadening of the radial jet structure in the reconstructed jets with R < 0.3
Elliptic flow of identified hadrons in Pb-Pb collisions at 1asNN = 2.76 TeV
The elliptic flow coefficient (v2) of identified particles in Pb-Pb collisions at 1asNN = 2.76 TeV was measured with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The results were obtained with the Scalar Product method, a two-particle corre- lation technique, using a pseudo-rapidity gap of | 06\u3b7| > 0.9 between the identified hadron under study and the reference particles. The v2 is reported for \u3c0\ub1, K\ub1, K0S, p+p, \u3c6, \u39b+\u39b, \u39e 12+\u39e+ and \u3a9 12+\u3a9+ in several collision centralities. In the low transverse momentum (pT) region, pT 3 GeV/c
Inclusive photon production at forward rapidities in proton\u2013proton collisions at 1a s = 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV
The multiplicity and pseudorapidity distribu- tions of inclusive photons have been measured at forward rapidities (2.3 < \u3b7 < 3.9) in proton\u2013proton collisions at three center-of-mass energies, 1as = 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV using the ALICE detector. It is observed that the increase in the average photon multiplicity as a function of beam energy is compatible with both a logarithmic and a power-law dependence. The relative increase in average photon multi- plicity produced in inelastic pp collisions at 2.76 and 7 TeV center-of-mass energies with respect to 0.9 TeV are 37.2 \ub1 0.3% (stat) \ub1 8.8% (sys) and 61.2 \ub1 0.3% (stat) \ub1 7.6% (sys), respectively. The photon multiplicity distributions for all center-of-mass energies are well described by negative binomial distributions. The multiplicity distributions are also presented in terms of KNO variables. The results are com- pared to model predictions, which are found in general to underestimate the data at large photon multiplicities, in par- ticular at the highest center-of-mass energy. Limiting frag- mentation behavior of photons has been explored with the data, but is not observed in the measured pseudorapidity range
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