72 research outputs found
Evaluation of a library of FDA-approved drugs for their ability to potentiate antibiotics against multidrug resistant Gram-negative pathogens
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'American Society for Microbiology'
- Publication date
- 25/07/2019
- Field of study
The Prestwick library was screened for antibacterial activity or 'antibiotic-resistance breaking' (ARB) potential against four species of Gram-negative pathogens. Discounting known antibacterials, the screen identified very few ARB hits, which were strain/drug specific. These ARB hits included antimetabolites (zidovudine, floxuridine, didanosine, gemcitabine), anthracyclines (daunorubicin, mitoxantrone, epirubicin) and psychoactive drugs (gabapentin, fluspirilene, oxethazaine). This suggests that there are few approved drugs which could be directly repositioned as adjunct-antibacterials and these will need robust testing to validate efficacy. [Abstract copyright: © Crown copyright 2019.
Confidence trick: the interpretation of confidence intervals
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Informa UK Limited'
- Publication date
- 11/03/2014
- Field of study
The frequent misinterpretation of the nature of confidence intervals by students has been well documented. This article examines the problem as an aspect of the learning of mathematical definitions and considers the tension between parroting mathematically rigorous, but essentially uninternalized, statements on the one hand and expressing imperfect but developing understandings on the other. A small-scale study among schoolteachers sought comments on four definitions expressing differing understandings of confidence intervals, and these are examined and discussed. The article concludes that some student wordings could be regarded as less inaccurate than they might seem at first sight and presents a case for accepting a wider range of more intuitive understandings as a work in progress
Intervention fidelity assessment:A sub‐study of the Norfolk Diabetes Prevention Study (NDPS)
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- 12/02/2023
- Field of study
National Survey of Variations in Practice in the Prevention of Surgical Site Infections in Adult Cardiac Surgery, United Kingdom & Republic of Ireland
- Author
- Aktuerk Dincer
- Ali Jason M.
- Badran Abdul
- Balmforth Damian
- Bleetman David
- Brown Colin
- Cartwright James
- Casey Laura
- Chiwera Lilian
- Fudulu Daniel
- Garner Megan
- Gradinariu George
- Green Stephen
- Harky Amer
- Harrington Pauline
- Hussain Azar
- Hutton Sandra
- Kew Ee Phui
- Lamagni Theresa
- Loubani Mahmoud
- Mani Krishna
- Martin Jennifer
- Miles Rebecca
- Moawad Nader
- Mohamed Saifullah
- Muretti Mirko
- Murphy Gavin J.
- Olivieri Guido M.
- Paglinawan Ilene
- Quijano-Campos Juan C.
- Rizzo Victoria
- Robertson Susan
- Rochon Melissa
- Rogers Luke J.
- Roman Marius
- Salmon Karen
- Sanders Julie
- Suelo-Calanao R.
- Taludker Shagorika
- Tanner Judith
- Vaja Ricky
- Zientara Alicja
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/12/2020
- Field of study
Currently no national standards exist for the prevention of surgical site infection (SSI) in cardiac surgery. SSI rates range from 1% to 8% between centres. The aim of this study was to explore and characterise variation in approaches to SSI prevention in United Kingdom(UK) and Republic of Ireland (ROI)
Basic science232. Certolizumab pegol prevents pro-inflammatory alterations in endothelial cell function
- Author
- Abdulkader Rita
- Abozaid Hanan S.
- Adab Peymané
- Adizie Tochukwu
- Adshead Rebecca
- Ahmad Yasmeen
- Ahmed Azeem A.
- Akil Mohammed
- Alavi Azita
- Alcorn Desmond
- Alexander Yvonne
- Alexander Yvonne
- Alexander Yvonne
- Allen Maggie
- Amarasena Roshan
- Amarasena Roshan I.
- Ambler Nick
- Amft Nicole
- Amft Nicole
- Amissah-Arthur Maame
- Amos Nicholson
- Anderson David
- Andres Mariano
- Andrews Jacqueline
- Arthur Catherine
- Ashton Simon
- Axford John
- Ayalew Yezenash
- Baburaj Krishnan
- Bacon Paul A.
- Baguley Elaine
- Ball Elisabeth
- Banik Snehashish
- Bari Syed F.
- Barone Francesca
- Barone Francesca
- Barton Anne
- Barton Anne
- Basu Neil
- Bateman James
- Bavakunji Riaz
- Bayley Rachel
- Beasley Marcus
- Bell Aubrey
- Bell Aubrey L.
- Birnbaum Julius
- Bombardieri M.
- Bombardieri Michele
- Bombardieri Michele
- Bombardieri Michele
- Bond Christine
- Bond Ursula
- Borg Frances
- Borg Frances A.
- Bosworth Ailsa
- Boulton John
- Bowman Simon
- Bowness Paul
- Bowness Paul
- Bowness Paul
- Braude Simon
- Brooksby Alan
- Brophy Sinead
- Brown Deborah
- Brown Nina
- Brown Sue J.
- Bruce Ian
- Bruce Ian
- Bruce Ian
- Bruce Ian
- Bruce Ian
- Buckley Chris
- Buckley Chris
- Buckley Chris
- Buckley Chris D.
- Bukhari Marwan
- Bukhari Marwan
- Bukhari Marwan
- Bullock Craig
- Bunn Diane
- Bunn Diane
- Bunning Rowena
- Bunning Rowena A. D.
- Bunning Rowena D.
- Calnan Michael
- Cardy Caroline M.
- Casey Matthew
- Caswell Richard
- Ceeraz Sabrina
- Chan Antoni
- Chana Jasroop K.
- Chapman Victoria
- Chen Liye
- Cheng K. K.
- Chitale Sarang
- Chitale Sarang
- Chiverton Neil
- Chiverton Neil
- Choy Ernest
- Choy Ernest H.
- Christidis Dimitrios
- Cloake Tom
- Cloake Tom
- Clunie Gavin
- Coady David
- Coady David
- Coady David
- Colaco Bernard
- Cole Zoe A.
- Coles Mark
- Collins Fraser
- Cooksey Roxanne
- Cooper Annie
- Cooper Cyrus
- Cooper Cyrus
- Cooper Nicola
- Cope Andrew
- Cordingley Lis
- Corrigall Valerie
- Coward Lucy
- Crawford Aileen
- Crilly Anne
- Cross Alison
- Cross Alison K.
- Crouch Carina
- Crozier Sarah R.
- Cumming Jo
- Curtis Elizabeth M.
- D'Cruz David
- Danda Debashish
- Daniel Priya
- Daniels Jodie
- Darroch James
- Dasgupta Bhaskar
- Dasgupta Bhaskar
- Dasgupta Bhaskar
- Davies Charlotte
- Davies David
- Davies Rebecca
- Davies Ursula M.
- Dent Caroline
- Devanny Ian
- Dey Ida D.
- Dhanjal Mandish
- Dhillon Veena
- DiCicco Maria
- Dixey Josh
- Dixey Josh
- Doherty Teresa
- Donnelly Simon P.
- Driscoll Paul C.
- Duncan G.
- Duncan Rosie
- Dunn Sara
- Dures Emma
- Edgar Suzanne
- Edmonds Sally
- Edwards Christopher J.
- Edwards Christopher J.
- Edwards Steven W.
- Ellis Benjamin
- Ellis Corrinne
- Else Sara
- Emery Paul
- Ennis H.
- Estrach Cristina
- Estrach Cristina
- Evans Bronwen
- Evans Hayley G.
- Evans Laura
- Eyre Tracey
- Fang Hong
- Farrow Luke
- Fattah Zozik
- Ferrell William R.
- Field Max
- Finlay Ron
- Fisher Roman
- Fleming S.
- Fletcher Debbie
- Fluess Elisa
- Foggo Heather
- Fortune F.
- Fu Bo
- Gainsborough Nicola
- Galloway James
- Galloway James
- Garner Rozeena
- Garza-Garcia Acely
- Gathany Tim
- Gayed Mary
- Gayed Mary
- Georgia Ntani
- Giles Ian
- Giles Ian
- Giles Ian
- Giles Joanna L.
- Godfrey Keith M.
- Goff Iain
- Golor G.
- Goodson Nicola J.
- Goodson Nicola J.
- Goodson Nicola J.
- Gordon Caroline
- Gordon Caroline
- Gordon Caroline
- Gorman Claire L.
- Greenbank Cathi
- Griffiths Bridget
- Griffiths Bridget
- Gullick Nicola J.
- Gullick Nicola J.
- Gupta Monica
- Haddock Gail
- Haddock Gail
- Hakim Alan J.
- Halsey John
- Han Chenglong
- Hands Rebecca
- Harper Lorraine
- Harris Claire L.
- Harta N.
- Harvey Nicholas C.
- Hashmi Tahir M.
- Hassan Ahmed I.
- Hassell Andrew
- Hayes Fiona
- Hayes Fiona
- Heaney Jonathan
- Heathfield Sarah
- Heron Louise
- Herrick Ariane
- Hewlett Sarah
- Hewlett Sarah
- Hickling M.
- Horan Michael
- Hsia Elizabeth
- Hughes Michael
- Hui Michelle
- Hull Richard
- Hull Richard G.
- Humby Frances
- Humphreys Jennifer
- Hunter John
- Hunter John
- Husain Muhammad J.
- Hutchinson David
- Hyrich Kimme
- Hyrich Kimme
- Ibrahim Ibrahim
- Inskip Hazel M.
- Ioannou John
- Ioannou Yiannis
- Iqbal Itrat
- Irvine Elizabeth
- Isaacs John
- Isenberg David
- Isenberg David
- Isenberg David
- Isenberg David
- Isenberg David
- Ismajli Mediola
- Jani Meghna
- Jani Meghna
- Jayaraj David M.
- Jayne David
- Jenkins Jessica
- Jennens Hannah
- Jiang C. Q.
- John Elizabeth
- Johnson Phil
- Jones Gareth T.
- Jones Gareth T.
- Jones Simon A.
- Jullion A.
- Kallankara Sathish
- Kate I.
- Kay Lesley
- Keeley Philip
- Keidel Sarah
- Kelly Sara
- Kelly Stephen
- Kendall David
- Kenu Ernest
- Kessler Benedikt M.
- Khamashta Munther
- Khattak Fazlihakim
- Kiely Patrick D.
- Kindness Kathy
- Kollnberger Simon
- Kollnberger Simon
- Kollnberger Simon
- Kretsos K.
- Kumar Kanta
- Kumar Namita
- Kuvikova Inna
- Lam T. H.
- Lane Peter
- Lanyon Peter
- Lanyon Peter
- Lanyon Peter
- Lawton Sally
- Le Maitre Christine
- Le Maitre Christine L.
- Le Maitre Christine L.
- Ledingham Jo
- Lendrem Dennis
- Leung Jansen
- Lewis Cathryn M.
- Lim Ken
- Ling Stephanie
- Lip Stefanie
- Little Jayne
- Littlewood Alison
- Lockhart John
- Loke Yoon
- Lovell Karina
- Low Audrey
- Lunt Mark
- Lunt Mark
- Lutalo Pamela M.
- Macfarlane Gary J.
- Macfarlane Gary J.
- Macfarlane Gary J.
- Macfarlane Matthew V.
- MacGregor Alex
- MacGregor Alex
- MacGregor Alex
- Mackie Sarah L.
- Macphie Elizabeth
- Mahadik Younis
- Mahendranath K. M.
- Main Wong Way
- Malaviya Anshuman P.
- Marks Jonathan
- Marroquin Osiris
- Mason Justin
- Mc Laughlin Maeve
- McBeth John
- McBeth John
- McBurney H.
- McHugh Kirsty
- McHugh Kirsty
- McHugh Neil
- McHugh Neil
- McHugh Neil
- McInnes Iain
- McInnes Ian
- McKenna Frank
- McKeogh John
- Mckew Jennifer R.
- McLaren John
- McLoughlin Yokemei
- Mehta Puja
- Mehta Puja
- Meldrum Gillian
- Mercer Louise
- Middleton Jim
- Millar Auleen M.
- Misra Ramnath
- Mitchell Adam
- Mitchell Sheryl
- Mobasheri Ali
- Moots Robert J.
- Moots Robert J.
- Moots Robert J.
- Morgan Anne
- Morgan Matthew
- Morris Marianne
- Mugford Miranda
- Mulvey Matthew
- Mulvey Matthew R.
- Murfitt Lucy
- Murphy Helen
- Murray-Brown William
- Mérida Angeles Acosta
- Nayar Saba
- Nayar Saba
- Nazeer Moideen Abdul
- Nelson-Piercy Catherine
- Newman W.
- Ng Nora
- Ng Wan-Fai
- Nicholl Karl
- Nikiphorou Elena
- Nikiphorou Elena
- Nowell Mari A.
- O'Connor Mortimer B.
- O'Neill Terence
- Ogunbambi Olabambo
- Oldroyd Alexander G.
- Oomatia Amin
- Oreffo Richard O.
- Osei-Bordom Daniel-Clement
- Osgood Louise
- Ostor Andrew J.
- Owens Martina
- Palmer Helen
- Parker Ben
- Parker Ben
- Parker Ben
- Patel Dipti
- Patel Yusuf
- Patil Pravin
- Paudyal Priya
- Paul Morgan B.
- Pauling John D.
- Payeli Sravan
- Pearce Fiona
- Pease Colin T.
- Pease Colin T.
- Pendleton Neil
- Pericleous Charis
- Pericleous Charis
- Perry Liz
- Petri Michelle
- Phelan Mark J.
- Phillips Ceri J.
- Phillips E.
- Phillips Kate L. E.
- Picarelli G.
- Pierangeli Silvia
- Pierangeli Silvia S.
- Pilling Claire
- Pitzalis C.
- Pitzalis Costantino
- Pitzalis Costantino
- Pitzalis Costantino
- Plant Darren
- Plant Darren
- Platt Philip N.
- Plevin Robin
- Pope Denise
- Popham Maria
- Price Elizabeth
- Price Elizabeth
- Price-Forbes Alec
- Priori R.
- Pushpakom S.
- Rahman Anisur
- Rahman Anisur
- Rahman Anisur
- Rankin Elizabeth
- Rao Chandini
- Ray David W.
- Raza Karim
- Rees Frances
- Regan Marian
- Regan Marian
- Reid David M.
- Renner Christoph
- Reynolds John A.
- Reynolds Piero
- Rhys-Dillon Brian
- Ridley Anna
- Robertson Calum
- Robinson Frances
- Robinson Sandra
- Robinson Siân M.
- Rooke Royston
- Rooney Madeleine
- Roskell S.
- Roussou Thalia
- Roussou Thalia
- Rump-Goodrich Lisa
- Russell M.
- Rutherford Michelle
- Ryan Sarah
- Rysnik Oliwia J.
- Sanderson Tessa
- Sayer Avan A.
- Scott David L.
- Scott Ian C.
- Segeda Iuliia
- Selvan Shilpa
- Semenova Olga
- Sensky T.
- Seoudi N.
- Severn Andrew
- Shah Preeti
- Sharp Charlotte A.
- Shastri Nilabh
- Shaw Jackie
- Shaw Jacqueline
- Shaw S.
- Sheldon Jo
- Shevchuk Sergii
- Siebert Stefan
- Siebert Stefan
- Simpson John
- Sivakumar Rajappa
- Skeoch Sarah
- Sofat Nidhi
- Solymossy Csilla
- Spandley A.
- Spector Tim
- Spencer Jo
- Srikanth Asha
- Steer Sophia
- Stewart Kirsty
- Stockton Marie
- Stone Michael
- Strand V.
- Sutcliffe Nurhan
- Sutton Emily J.
- Swan Joan
- Symmons Deborah
- Symmons Deborah
- Symmons Deborah
- Symmons Deborah
- Symmons Deborah
- Taams Leonie S.
- Tahir Hasan
- Tan Shaun
- Tandon Neeta
- Tappuni T.
- Tarelli Edward
- Taylor P.
- Taylor Peter
- Taylor Peter
- Teh Lee-Suan
- Thapper Muryum
- Thapper Muryum
- Thomas Huw B.
- Thompson Helen
- Timoshanko J.
- Tugnet Nicola
- Tysoe Carolyn
- Vadivelu Saravanan
- Valesini G.
- Vartoukian S.
- Varughese Sneha
- Venning Michael
- Verstappen Suzanne M.
- Viatte Sebastien
- Vincent Tonia
- Walker David
- Walker-Bone Karen
- Walker-Bone Karen
- Walsh David A.
- Wang Edward
- Watson Kath
- Watson Kath D.
- Watts Richard
- Weaver Dan
- West Louise
- West Lucy
- Wilkinson Mark
- Williams Anwen S.
- Williams Anwen S.
- Williams Emma L.
- Williams Frances M.
- Williams Mark
- Williams Mark R.
- Wilson Anthony
- Wilson Gillian
- Wilson Jo
- Win Maw Win
- Woby Steve
- Wong-Baeza Isabel
- Wood Elizabeth F.
- Worthington J.
- Worthington Jane
- Wright Helen L.
- Wright Stephen A.
- Yates Max
- Yee Chee-Seng
- Young Adam
- Young Adam
- Young Stephen
- Young Stephen P.
- Zaki Awal
- Zeef Leo
- Zoma Asad
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 02/08/2017
- Field of study
Background: Cardiovascular disease is a major comorbidity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and a leading cause of death. Chronic systemic inflammation involving tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF) could contribute to endothelial activation and atherogenesis. A number of anti-TNF therapies are in current use for the treatment of RA, including certolizumab pegol (CZP), (Cimzia ®; UCB, Belgium). Anti-TNF therapy has been associated with reduced clinical cardiovascular disease risk and ameliorated vascular function in RA patients. However, the specific effects of TNF inhibitors on endothelial cell function are largely unknown. Our aim was to investigate the mechanisms underpinning CZP effects on TNF-activated human endothelial cells. Methods: Human aortic endothelial cells (HAoECs) were cultured in vitro and exposed to a) TNF alone, b) TNF plus CZP, or c) neither agent. Microarray analysis was used to examine the transcriptional profile of cells treated for 6 hrs and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysed gene expression at 1, 3, 6 and 24 hrs. NF-κB localization and IκB degradation were investigated using immunocytochemistry, high content analysis and western blotting. Flow cytometry was conducted to detect microparticle release from HAoECs. Results: Transcriptional profiling revealed that while TNF alone had strong effects on endothelial gene expression, TNF and CZP in combination produced a global gene expression pattern similar to untreated control. The two most highly up-regulated genes in response to TNF treatment were adhesion molecules E-selectin and VCAM-1 (q 0.2 compared to control; p > 0.05 compared to TNF alone). The NF-κB pathway was confirmed as a downstream target of TNF-induced HAoEC activation, via nuclear translocation of NF-κB and degradation of IκB, effects which were abolished by treatment with CZP. In addition, flow cytometry detected an increased production of endothelial microparticles in TNF-activated HAoECs, which was prevented by treatment with CZP. Conclusions: We have found at a cellular level that a clinically available TNF inhibitor, CZP reduces the expression of adhesion molecule expression, and prevents TNF-induced activation of the NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, CZP prevents the production of microparticles by activated endothelial cells. This could be central to the prevention of inflammatory environments underlying these conditions and measurement of microparticles has potential as a novel prognostic marker for future cardiovascular events in this patient group. Disclosure statement: Y.A. received a research grant from UCB. I.B. received a research grant from UCB. S.H. received a research grant from UCB. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interes
Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death 2018.
- Author
- A Aouacheria
- A Aouacheria
- A Aranovich
- A Ashkenazi
- A Ashkenazi
- A Ashkenazi
- A Bernet
- A Buque
- A Chiche
- A Conte
- A Costanzo
- A Crockford
- A Degterev
- A Degterev
- A Dey
- A Gast
- A Gross
- A Hakkim
- A Hamacher-Brady
- A Hunger
- A Kaczmarek
- A Kamb
- A Koenig
- A Kotschy
- A Letai
- A Linkermann
- A Linkermann
- A Linkermann
- A Linkermann
- A Mousa
- A Muir
- A Mukherjee
- A Nilsson
- A Oberst
- A Oberst
- A Pagotto
- A Pyakurel
- A Rongvaux
- A Rubartelli
- A Sahaboglu
- A Seiler
- A Serrano-Puebla
- A Shamas-Din
- A Sistigu
- A Strasser
- A Strasser
- A Strasser
- A Strasser
- A Strasser
- A Strasser
- A Sumoza-Toledo
- A Sundararaman
- A Tittarelli
- A Trautmann
- A Villunger
- A Witt
- A Zychlinsky
- AA Fatokun
- AA Mailleux
- Aaron Ciechanover
- AB Pardee
- Abhishek D. Garg
- AC Bellail
- AC Schinzel
- AD Garg
- AD Garg
- AD Garg
- AD Garg
- AD Garg
- AD Garg
- AD Garg
- Adi Kimchi
- AE Alsop
- AE Feldstein
- AJ Schile
- AL Anding
- AL Genevois
- Alexey V. Antonov
- AM Chinnaiyan
- AM Distefano
- AM Dudek
- AM Verhagen
- AN Antony
- AN Barclay
- Ana J. García-Sáez
- Andreas Linkermann
- Andreas Strasser
- Andreas Villunger
- Andrew Oberst
- Andrew Thorburn
- Antonella Sistigu
- AP West
- AR Delbridge
- AT Schneider
- AT Ting
- AT Ting
- Atan Gross
- AV Follis
- AV Jacobsen
- AV Vaseva
- AV Vaseva
- AW Roberts
- B Antonsson
- B Aslan
- B Conradt
- B Fadeel
- B Gerlach
- B Gibert
- B Gooptu
- B McDonald
- B Schellenberg
- B Van Do
- B Xia
- BA Carlson
- BA Hilton
- BA Napier
- BB Aggarwal
- BC Barnhart
- Bertrand Joseph
- Beth Levine
- BG Childs
- BG Childs
- BG Childs
- BG Lambrus
- BG Yipp
- Boris Turk
- Boris Zhivotovsky
- BP Eckelman
- BP Eckelman
- BR Stockwell
- Brent R. Stockwell
- Brian D. Dynlacht
- BT Cookson
- C Bergmann
- C Dominguez-Brauer
- C Du
- C Frezza
- C Gerle
- C Guenebeaud
- C Gunther
- C Gunther
- C Helmke
- C Hernandez
- C Hockings
- C Lood
- C Lopez-Garcia
- C Lopez-Otin
- C Lopez-Otin
- C Louandre
- C Louandre
- C Nelson
- C Oberle
- C Piot
- C Rogers
- C Scaffidi
- C Vanpouille-Box
- C White
- C Xie
- Carlos López-Otín
- Carmen Garrido
- Catherine Brenner
- CC Wu
- CD Simpson
- CD Wiley
- Cecilia M.P. Rodrigues
- CF Wenceslau
- Christoph Borner
- CJ Kearney
- CK Ea
- CK Lam
- CK McPhee
- CL Buchheit
- CL Buchheit
- CL Buchheit
- CL Case
- Claudio Hetz
- CM Henry
- CN Casson
- Colin S. Duckett
- CP Baines
- CP Baines
- CP Dillon
- CP Dillon
- CP Dillon
- Cristina Muñoz-Pinedo
- CT Tan
- D Brenner
- D Brough
- D Chen
- D Crighton
- D Denton
- D Denton
- D Denton
- D Denton
- D Denton
- D Denton
- D Gatica
- D Goldschneider
- D Kranz
- D Li
- D Malin
- D Martin-Sanchez
- D Merino
- D Munoz-Espin
- D Piani
- D Ren
- D Stojkov
- D Tang
- D Tang
- D Vercammen
- D Vercammen
- D Wallach
- D Weaver
- D Yang
- DA Flusberg
- DA Rodriguez
- Daniel J. Klionsky
- Daolin Tang
- David C. Rubinsztein
- David M. Pereira
- David W. Andrews
- David Wallach
- DC Gray
- DH Cho
- Didac Carmona-Gutierrez
- Dieter Adam
- DJ Baker
- DJ Baker
- DJ Klionsky
- DJ McIlroy
- DL Berry
- DL Vaux
- DM Moquin
- DM Moujalled
- DM Pilla
- DM Rothwarf
- Domagoj Vucic
- Douglas R. Green
- DR Green
- DR Green
- DR Green
- DR Green
- DR Green
- DR Green
- DR Green
- DS Kempe
- DV Krysko
- E Arama
- E Basso
- E Buytaert
- E Candi
- E Fouquerel
- E Gavathiotis
- E Gavathiotis
- E Giampazolias
- E Kip
- E Lachaier
- E Lafont
- E Meunier
- E Perez
- E Vacchelli
- E Varfolomeev
- E Venereau
- E Zandi
- E Zandi
- EA Miao
- Edward A. Miao
- EF Lee
- EH Cheng
- EH Cheng
- EH Hinchcliffe
- EJ Park
- Eleonora Candi
- Eli Arama
- Emad S. Alnemri
- Emily H. Cheng
- Emre Sayan
- Enrico Lugli
- Eric H. Baehrecke
- Erwin F. Wagner
- Evripidis Gavathiotis
- EY Bassoy
- Eyal Gottlieb
- F Basit
- F Chalmin
- F Chen
- F Edlich
- F Ghiringhelli
- F Ke
- F Ke
- F Ke
- F Llambi
- F Llambi
- F Llambi
- F Loison
- F Madeo
- F Martin-Sanchez
- F McNab
- F Meitinger
- F Mille
- F Pietrocola
- F Todt
- F Wartha
- FB Chekeni
- FC Kischkel
- Feng Shao
- FK Chan
- FK Chan
- FL Scott
- FM Menzies
- FM Menzies
- FR Greten
- Francesca Bernassola
- Francesco Cecconi
- Francesco Di Virgilio
- Francis K.-M. Chan
- Frank Madeo
- G Brumatti
- G Casinelli
- G Denecker
- G Dewson
- G Droga-Mazovec
- G Ichim
- G Ichim
- G Kroemer
- G Kroemer
- G Kroemer
- G Monaco
- G Nunez
- G Quarato
- G Sun
- Gabriel A. Rabinovich
- Gabriel Nuñez
- Gerald M. Cohen
- Gerry Melino
- Gian Maria Fimia
- GO Latunde-Dada
- GP Sims
- GS Salvesen
- Guido Kroemer
- GW Dorn 2nd
- Gwenola Manic
- Gyorgy Hajnoczky
- Gyorgy Szabadkai
- H Appelqvist
- H Dai
- H Dai
- H Du
- H Hsu
- H Imai
- H Inoue
- H Inuzuka
- H Kazama
- H Kim
- H Kim
- H Li
- H Li
- H Otera
- H Parker
- H Puthalakath
- H Puthalakath
- H Sakahira
- H Wajant
- H Wang
- H Wang
- H Wang
- H Wang
- H Wang
- H Wang
- H Yang
- H Yang
- H Yuan
- H Yuan
- H Yuan
- H Zhang
- H Zhang
- HA Park
- Hamsa Puthalakath
- Hans-Uwe Simon
- HC Chen
- HE Kamber Kaya
- Henning Walczak
- Herbert W. Virgin
- Hidenori Ichijo
- Hinrich Gronemeyer
- HL Tang
- I Adkins
- I Amelio
- I Jaco
- I Jorgensen
- I Jorgensen
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- Ying Wang
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- Yoshihide Tsujimoto
- YS Cho
- Yufang Shi
- Z Cai
- Z Cai
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- Z Zhong
- Zahra Zakeri
- ZG Liu
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- ZX Chen
- ZX Chen
- Publication venue
- Cell Death Differ
- Publication date
- 01/01/2018
- Field of study
Over the past decade, the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death (NCCD) has formulated guidelines for the definition and interpretation of cell death from morphological, biochemical, and functional perspectives. Since the field continues to expand and novel mechanisms that orchestrate multiple cell death pathways are unveiled, we propose an updated classification of cell death subroutines focusing on mechanistic and essential (as opposed to correlative and dispensable) aspects of the process. As we provide molecularly oriented definitions of terms including intrinsic apoptosis, extrinsic apoptosis, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT)-driven necrosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, parthanatos, entotic cell death, NETotic cell death, lysosome-dependent cell death, autophagy-dependent cell death, immunogenic cell death, cellular senescence, and mitotic catastrophe, we discuss the utility of neologisms that refer to highly specialized instances of these processes. The mission of the NCCD is to provide a widely accepted nomenclature on cell death in support of the continued development of the field
Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome
- Author
- . Haifeng
- . Magner
- . Yin
- Abbott Scott
- Abbott-Ozersky Amanda
- Abdellah Zahra
- Abouelleil Amr
- Abrajano Anne
- Adachi Tamami
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- Adams Charles Q.
- Adamson Aaron
- Adekoya Emmanuel
- Adio-Oduola Babajide
- Aerts Andrea
- Aggarwal Arun
- Ahmadi Alireza
- Ahmed Shahana
- Aimable Matthew
- Ainscough Rachael
- Ait-Zahra Mostafa
- Aizu Tomoyuki
- Alcivare Dana
- Alegria Michelle
- Ali Alla
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- Allegria-hartmann Michelle
- Alleman Jennifer
- Allen Carlana C.
- Allen Heather
- Allen Nicole R.
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- Almeida Jeff
- Almond Claire
- Alsbrooks Stephen L.
- Altherr Michael R.
- Amaratunge Harshinie C.
- Ambler Andrew
- Ambrose Karen
- Ambrose Kerrie
- Amemiya Chris
- Amico-Keller Gina
- Amin Amita G.
- Anderson Mechele
- Anderson Scott
- Anderson Scott
- Andora Janice
- Andredesz Carol
- Andrew Robert
- Andrews Dan
- Andrews Daniel
- Andrews Neil
- Andrews Stephanie
- Andriese Tim
- Anthouard Véronique
- Antonarakis Stylianos E.
- Anyalebechi Vivian
- Aoki Norie
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- Apweiler Eva
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- Arellano Andre
- Arellano-Jones Perry
- Armbruster Jeff
- Armstrong Jon
- Arredondo Dilrukshi P.
- Arredondo Heather Hope
- Artiguenave François
- Asakawa Shuichi
- Asakawa Teruyo
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- Ashwell Robert
- Ashworth Linda K.
- Aslanidis Cara
- Asomugha Chinwe O.
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- Hitchens Matthew Edward
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- Miller Donald
- Miller Nancy
- Milne Sarah
- Miner George R.
- Miner Sheri
- Miner Tracie
- Minja Emmanuel
- Minoshima Shinsei
- Minx Patrick J.
- Misra Monica
- Mistry Dippica
- Mistry Shailesh
- Mitchell Jake
- Mitchell Jeff
- Mitchell Teresa
- Mitina Sophia
- Mitsui Aki
- Mitsuyama Susumu
- Miyazawa Akemi
- Mlenga Val
- Mohabbat Farida
- Mohabbat Khatera
- Mohammadi Maryam
- Mohrenweiser Harvey
- Molina Christophe
- Monforte Joseph
- Montemayor Julie
- Montgomery Baize
- Montgomery Mishelle
- Mooney Paul
- Moore Madeline
- Moore Niki
- Moreland Andrea
- Morgan Jenna
- Morgan Margaret B.
- Morita Hiroko
- Morris Sidney
- Mortimore Beverly
- Morton Jerry
- Motoyama Ayuko
- Mott Richard
- Moyzis Robert K.
- Mu Feng
- Mukherjee Shibani
- Mullenger Ian
- Mullikin Jim
- Mulrain Leon
- Munday Brian
- Munday Elaine
- Mundt Mark O.
- Mungall Andy
- Munidasa Mala
- Munk A. Christine
- Munk Christie A.
- Munson Glen
- Murakami Katsuhiko
- Murayama Yuji
- Murnane Clare
- Murphy Matthew B.
- Murphy Michael
- Murray Christine
- Murray Debra Dianne
- Murray Jennifer
- Murrell Kerry
- Muzny Donna Marie
- Myers Alison
- Myers Richard
- Müller Ines
- Nagamine Kentaro
- Nagao Syunsuke
- Nagaraja R.
- Nair Latha
- Nair Seema R.
- Naka Maho
- Nakagawa Masayo
- Nakagawa Saori
- Nakamura Etsuko
- Nakato Eriko
- Nanavati Amit N.
- Nandkeshwar Richard
- Nankervis Colin E.
- Naranjo Cleo M.
- Nash William
- Naylor Jerome
- Nazareth Lynne V.
- Neal Dearl D.
- Negus David
- Nelson Catherine
- Nelson David O.
- Nelson Deborah A.
- Nelson Joanne
- Nelson Kathryn
- Nelson Ward
- Nesbitt Ryan
- Neunkirch Jennifer
- Newes Christian
- Newman April
- Ng Bee
- Ng Terrance
- Ngo Robin Ngoc
- Nguyen Bao-Viet
- Nguyen Christine
- Nguyen Cindy
- Nguyen Hoa
- Nguyen Le-Thu Dinh
- Nguyen Lisa
- Nguyen Minh
- Nguyen Na
- Nguyen Natalie M.
- Nguyen Ngoc Bich
- Nguyen Thu
- Nhan Mike
- Ni Lin
- Niblett David
- Nicholson Jonathan
- Nickerson Elizabeth
- Nickerson Tim
- Nicol Robert
- Nijjar Sukhjit
- Ning Zemin
- Nisbet James
- Nishida Aki
- Niu Yuxin
- Niu Yuxin
- Nivens Amber
- Noguchi Hideki
- Nolan Matt
- Norbu Chou Dolma
- Norbu Nyima
- Nordsiek Gabriele
- Norris Sarah Louise
- Novik Karen
- Nowlin Larry
- Nusbaum Chad
- Nwaokelemeh Ogechi O.
- Nwokenkwo Stanley
- O\u27Donnell Paula
- O\u27Donovan Daniel
- O\u27Leary Sinead
- O\u27Loughlin Jennifer
- O\u27Neill Keith
- Obayashi Izumi
- Obregon Melissa
- Oddone Paola
- Oddone Pierre
- Oddy Lachlan
- Odell Christopher
- Ogawara Etsuko
- Ogbighele Francess
- Oguh Maryann
- Ohmori Kyoko
- Ohno Saho
- Ohta Nao
- Ohtsubo Masafumi
- Oinn Tom
- Okoawo Ose
- Okui Michiyo
- Okumura Reina
- Okwuonu Geoffrey O.
- Okwuonu Kenneth C.
- Olarnpunsagoon Alisa
- Olivas Jason
- Oliver Hayley
- Oliver Karen
- Olsen Anne S.
- Olson Maynard V.
- Omotosho Bamidele
- Onoda Junko
- Oomori Nobuhiro
- Ooshima Kenshiro
- Oragunye Njideka
- Orantes Jerry
- Orbell Helena
- Osada Misuzu
- Osborn Anthony
- Osborne Joan
- Osman Sahal
- Ovcharenko Ivan
- Overton-Larty Emma
- Oviedo Rodolfo J.
- Ow David
- Ozawa Ritsuko
- Ozersky Philip
- Pace Araceli C.
- Pack Elizabeth
- Padki Anuradha
- Pahlavan Shane
- Palaniappan Krishnaveni
- Palazzolo Michael
- Palmeiri Anthony
- Palmer Sophie
- Pan Jiaofeng
- Pan Sisu
- Panasenko Vladimir
- Pandian Richard
- Parker Adrian
- Parker David Neil
- Parker Stephen
- Parkin Christopher
- Parkin Kim
- Parks Kenya L.
- Parry-Brown Ginny
- Parson-Quintana Beverly
- Pasternak Shiran
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- Patel Dina
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- Patel Ritesh
- Patel Shripa
- Patel Vishal V.
- Patrick James
- Paul Heidie A.
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- Paulson Edward
- Payton Brett A.
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- Pearman Charlene
- Pearson Danita
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- Peck Anna
- Peck Richard
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- Peng Vivian
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- Peng Yi
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- Perez Agapito
- Perez Lesette M.
- Perito Andrew
- Perrault Isabelle
- Perrier Rene
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- Pesavento Brad
- Peters Anna
- Peters Leonard G.
- Peterson Jane
- Peterson Karl
- Petit Jean-Louis
- Pettett Roger
- Petz Uta
- Pfeiffer Joyce
- Phan Hoan
- Phelps Karen
- Phillimore Ben
- Phillips Kim
- Phillips Samantha
- Phulchung Tenzin
- Phunkang Pema
- Pickens Adam
- Pieper Natasha
- Pierre Nadia
- Piqani Bruno
- Piscia C.
- Pitesky Maurice
- Pitluck Sam
- Plajzer-Frick Ingrid
- Platt Darren
- Platzer Matthias
- Playford Emma
- Plopper Farah Jo Homsi
- Plumb Bob
- Pocock Matthew
- Pohl Craig
- Poindexter Alan
- Poliakov Alex
- Pollard Martin
- Polman Jos
- Ponting Chris P.
- Porter Aaron
- Porter Keith
- Porter Tarryn
- Posada Martha
- Potter Christopher
- Potter Simon
- Poundstone Pat
- Pourrajabi Nima M.
- Powell Don
- Powell Jason
- Prado Daisy
- Prange Christa
- Prathalingham Radhika
- Predki Paul
- Prigmore Elena
- Primus Eltrick L.
- Primus Jennifer
- Probst Lyle
- Procter Glenn
- Pruitt Kim
- Pu Ling-Ling
- Puazo Maria
- Putnam Nicholas
- Qasem Osama
- Qi Qiuhui
- Qi Xiaohua
- Qi Xiaohua
- Qian Xufang
- Qian Zengmin
- Qiang Boqin
- Qiang Boqin
- Qiao Zhenyong
- Qin Xiang
- Quail Michael
- Quan Glenda
- Quarrie Hannah
- Quiles Miyo M.
- Quince Chris
- Quiroz Juana B.
- Qureshi Matloob
- Rabata Dina
- Rachlin Eric K.
- Rachupka Anthony
- Radionenko Maxim
- Rajagopal Mohan
- Ramasami Umadevi
- Rameau Rayale
- Ramirez Lucia
- Ramirez Melissa
- Ramos Nicole
- Ramsay Helen
- Ramsey Yvonne
- Ranby Sally
- Rance Richard
- Rand Vikki
- Randall-Maher Jennifer
- Randolph David
- Randolph James
- Rapier Irma
- Rappaport Barry
- Rash Sam
- Ratford Joanne
- Ratford Lewis
- Ratliff Robert I.
- Ray Aditya
- Ray Vernada
- Raymond Chris
- Raymond Christina
- Read Daniel
- Redhead Donald
- Redon Richard
- Rees Christine
- Reeves Kacy
- Regala Warren
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- Reid Mary
- Reigh Richard A.
- Reily Amy D.
- Reinhardt Astrid
- Reinhardt Richard
- Reiter Charlie
- Ren Shuangxi
- Ren Shuangxi
- Ren Yanru
- Retterer James
- Rice Alex
- Rice Catherine
- Rice Peter
- Rice Stephen
- Richard Suzzanne
- Richards Stephen
- Richardson Kristi
- Richardson Paul
- Richardson Paul
- Richardson Susan
- Ricke Darryl O.
- Ridler Kerry
- Riethman Harold
- Riethoven Lyn
- Rigby Rachel
- Riley B.E
- Rise Cecil
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- Robert Catherine
- Roberts Simon
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- Robinson Dezere
- Robinson Donna I.
- Robinson Donna L.
- Robinson Melanie
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- Rock Susan M.
- Rodkey Travis L.
- Rodriguez Alex
- Rodriguez Joseph
- Rodriguez Juan
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- Rogers Lisa
- Rogers Stephanine
- Rogosin Andrea
- Rogov Peter
- Rohlfing Theresa
- Rojas Alberto
- Rokhsar Daniel
- Rong Li
- Rong Li
- Rosenbloom Kate R.
- Roskin Krishna M.
- Ross Hugh
- Ross Mark
- Ross Stephanie
- Rowen Lee
- Rubenfield Marc
- Rubin Edward M.
- Ruef Barbara
- Ruiz Erica M.
- Ruiz San Juana
- Rule Angela
- Rule James
- Rule Jeffrey
- Russell Ben
- Russell Jayne
- Ryan Andrea
- Sabo Aniko
- Saenphimmachak Channakhone
- Safdar Kamal
- Sakai Ryoko
- Sakaki Yoshiyuki
- Sakaldasis George
- Salamov Azaf
- Salazar Angelica
- Salter Natalie
- Samain Sylvie
- Sana Moazzam Mohammad
- Sanders Brent
- Sanders Christina
- Sanders Wendi
- Santibanez Jireh
- Santoyo-Lopez Javier
- Sanuki Naoko
- Sarmiento R.
- Sasaki Takashi
- Satpathy Suraj
- Saunders David
- Saunders Elizabeth H.
- Saurin William
- Savery Glenford G.
- Sawada Nori
- Sawhill William W.
- Saxman Eric
- Scarpelli Claude
- Scharfe Maren
- Schatzkamer Kyriena L.
- Scherer Steven Edward
- Schilhabel Markus
- Schlessinger David
- Schmeits James
- Schmidt Esther
- Schmoger Siliva
- Schmutz Jeremy
- Schnabl Matthew
- Schuler Gregory
- Schupbach Rebecca
- Schuster Michael
- Schön Oliver
- Scott Carol
- Scott Damian
- Scott Deborah
- Scott Duncan
- Scott Graham
- Scott Ian
- Scott Kelsi
- Scott Paul
- Seager Fiona
- Seaman Christopher
- Seaman Steven
- Searle Margaret
- Searle Paul
- Searle Stephen
- Sehra Harminder
- Seitz Kathleen
- Sekhon Mundeep
- Severin Jessica
- Seymour Burt
- Shah Neha
- Shakespeare Joe
- Shams Saima
- Shao Chunyan
- Shao Yufen
- Shapiro Harris
- Shardelow Jason
- Sharp Greg
- Sharpe Ted
- Shaw Teresa
- Shaw-Smith Charles
- She Xinwei
- Shearing Jennifer
- Shen Fengye
- Shen Hua
- Shen Meishan
- Shen Yan
- Shen Yan
- Shen Yan
- Sheng Haihui
- Sheppard Karen
- Sheridan Andrew
- Sheridan Elizabeth
- Sherpa Ngawang
- Shi Guibin
- Shi Hongfang
- Shibuya Kazunori
- Shiino Noriko
- Shimizu Atsushi
- Shimizu Hidetsugu
- Shimizu Nobuyoshi
- Shimizu Yoshiko
- Shin Maria
- Shindoh Nobuaki
- Shintani Ai
- Shiohama Aiko
- Shoji Minami
- Shotland Yoram
- Shought Timothy
- Shownkeen Ratna
- Shreve Jeff
- Siddiqui Roman
- Siepel Adam C.
- Silk Richard
- Silk Richard
- Sims Matthew
- Sims Matthew
- Sims Sarah
- Sims Sarah
- Sindelar Linda
- Sinha Prashant
- Sisson Ida
- Sivadasan Shanthi
- Sivadasan Shanthi
- Skowronski Evan
- Skuce Carl
- Skuce Carl
- Slater Nathaniel
- Slezak Tom
- Smedley Damian
- Smink Luc
- Smink Luc
- Smith Andrew
- Smith Andrew
- Smith Cherylyn
- Smith Doug
- Smith Douglas R.
- Smith James
- Smith James
- Smith Joel
- Smith Karen
- Smith Laura
- Smith Laura
- Smith Lorraine
- Smith Lorraine
- Smith Michael
- Smith Michelle
- Smith Michelle
- Smith Russell
- Smith Russell
- Smith Stephanie
- Smith Stephanie
- Smith Troy
- Sneath Hannah
- Sneath Hannah
- Sodergren Erica
- Soderlund Cari
- Soderlund Cari
- Soderlund Cari
- Solovyev Victor
- Solovyez Victor
- Sonaike Titilola
- Song Liping
- Song Liping
- Song Shuping
- Song Xing-Zhi
- Sonnhammer Erik
- Sonnhammer Erik
- Sorelle Richard P.
- Sotheran Elizabeth
- Sougnez Carrie
- Spainhower Corey
- Sparks Anastasia L.
- Spencer Brian
- Spieth John
- Spooner William
- Spraggon Lee
- Sqaures Suzanna
- Squares Janet
- Stabenau Arne
- Stables Michael
- Stalker James
- Stalker John
- Stallings Raymond I.
- Stalvey Malinda
- Stamford Steve
- Stammers Melanie
- Standring Lisa
- Stange-Thomann Nicole
- Stavropoulos Sharon
- Steffen David
- Stege Justin T.
- Steingruber Helen
- Stephens Yvonne
- Stephens-Bolds Shaela
- Stetson Kevin
- Stevko Victor
- Steward Charles
- Stewart Aengus
- Stewart Michael
- Still Ian
- Stock Mo
- Stone Casey
- Stone Evan
- Stone Sabrina
- Stoppard Lisa
- Storey Philip
- Storey Roy
- Stowe Sarah
- Strachan Carol
- Strachan Greg
- Strasser Jonathan
- Stribling Claire
- Strong Cynthia
- Stubbs Lisa
- Stubbs Matthew
- Stultz Janet
- Sturdy John
- Su Xiaohu
- Subramanian Sandhya
- Subramanian Sandhya
- Sudbrak Ralf
- Sugnet Charles W.
- Sulston John
- Summers Leslie J.
- Sun Hui
- Sun Jiajia
- Sun Jiandong
- Sun Jiu Qin
- Sun Min
- Sun Tao
- Sun Wei
- Sun Yongqiao
- Sun Yu
- Sun Yue
- Sutherland Grant R.
- Sutherland Robert D.
- Sutton Angelica E.
- Svatek Amanda F.
- Svetz Jessica
- Svetz Leah Anne
- Swainson Chris
- Swann Mark
- Swarbreck David
- Swearengen-Shahid Sharhonda
- Sycamore Neil
- Ségurens Béatrice
- Tabor Paul E.
- Tacey Kristina
- Tagett Beckie
- Tagney Matthew
- Tahara Takashi
- Takahashi Keiko
- Takano Nobuhiro
- Takaoka Tori
- Takayanagi Atsushi
- Takenaka Tracy
- Talamas Jessica
- Tam Serena
- Tamerisa Kavitha S.
- Tamirisa Aparna
- Tan Olivia
- Tan Steven
- Tan Xinyu
- Tan Xinyu
- Tang Hongli
- Tang Xiangjun
- Tansey Jennifer
- Tao Ran
- Tapia Roxanne
- Taring Elizabeth
- Tatsuyama Miho
- Tatum Owatha I.
- Taudien Stefan
- Taylor Amy
- Taylor Christina C.
- Taylor Gillian
- Taylor Kate
- Taylor Ruth
- Taylor Sam
- Taylor Susan
- Taylor Tineace R.
- Taylor Todd Duane
- Tchuinga Pierre
- Tee Louise
- Telford Ethan Brett
- Tenzin Pema
- Terada Yoriko
- Terry Astrid
- Tesfaye Senait
- Tesmer Judith G.
- Tester Julieanne
- Thayer Nina
- Theaker Andrew
- Theil James
- Theodore Joumathe
- Thexton David
- Thies Stephanie
- Thomas Craig
- Thomas Daniel
- Thomas Daryl J.
- Thomas Karen
- Thomas Nicole
- Thomas Paulette
- Thomas Ruth
- Thomas Shereen
- Thommai Roselin
- Thompson Linda S.
- Thorne Rachel Diane
- Thorpe Andrea
- Thorpe Karen
- Thoulutsang Yama
- Threadgold Glen
- Thurston Scott
- Tian Chaoguang
- Tian Chaoguang
- Tian Wei
- Tian Yan
- Tian Yong
- Tian Yuqing
- Tice Hope
- Tighe Damon
- Tin-Wollam Aye M.
- Tinsley Emma
- Tochigi Miwako
- Togashi Naoko
- Tomizawa Iori
- Tomlinson Chad
- Tong Jingli
- Topham Kerri
- Torcaso Bill
- Torney David C.
- Totoki Yasushi
- Towey Sarah
- Toyoda Atsushi
- Tracey Alan
- Tran Ly Thanh
- Tran-Gyamfi Mary
- Trani Lee
- Trankiem Margie
- Trask Barbara J.
- Travers Johnathan
- Trejos Zulma Y.
- Treuhaft Marianne
- Trevino Brenda Kaye
- Tromans Anthony
- Trong Stephan
- Trumbower Heather
- Tsai Ming
- Tsamla Tsamla
- Tsolas Jason
- Tsomo Nawang
- Tsujimoto Susan
- Tsukamoto Yumi
- Tsuruoka Hiromi
- Tsuzuki Rina
- Tu Yuefeng
- Tu Yuefeng
- Tubby Ben
- Tufarelli Cristina
- Turner Heidi
- Turney Kathryn
- Tynan Katherine
- Ueland Stephanie
- Ueng Samantha
- Ukegbu Ogechi Nkemdirim
- Ulanovsky Levy E.
- Un Chun
- Ung Quyen
- Upson Darren
- Urban Jeremy B.
- Ureta-Vidal Abel
- Ureta-Vidal Abel
- Usmani Kamran
- Ustaszewska Anna
- Uyama Nozomi
- Valas Ruben E.
- Valdez Michelle
- Valle Duane
- Valles Yvonne
- Van Brunt Andrew
- Van Dilla Marvin
- Van Helmond Zoe
- Van Luchene Ryan
- Vardanian Zachary
- Vargas Michelle
- Vargo Charles E.
- Vartanian Steffan
- Vasquez Lydia I.
- Vassiliev Helen
- Vastrik Imre
- Vaudin Mark
- Veil Rose
- Veklerov Eugene
- Velasco Nelson
- Velasquez Lisa
- Venkataranan Vijay
- Vera Virginia A.
- Verduzco Daniel
- Vergez Lisa
- Vico Virginie
- Viknaraja Ramya
- Villasana Donna M.
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- Viswanathan Vijay
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- Vo Nu
- Voak Paul
- Vollenhoven David
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- Walker Keya
- Walker Sarah
- Wall Melanie
- Wall Randy E.
- Wallace John
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- Wallis Michelle
- Walsh Jennifer
- Walsham Natalie
- Wan Ma
- Wang Chunyan
- Wang Dong
- Wang Feng
- Wang Guangxin
- Wang Guihai
- Wang Guihai
- Wang Hongjuan
- Wang Hongwei
- Wang Huanjie
- Wang Huifeng
- Wang Huifeng
- Wang Jian
- Wang Jian
- Wang Jian
- Wang Jie
- Wang Jing
- Wang Jingqiang
- Wang Jingqiang
- Wang Jinhua
- Wang Joann
- Wang Juan
- Wang Jun
- Wang Jun
- Wang Jun
- Wang Li
- Wang Lijie
- Wang Lijuan
- Wang Lijun
- Wang Ling
- Wang Liqun
- Wang Mei
- Wang Qiaoyan
- Wang Shifen
- Wang Shu
- Wang Suzhen
- Wang Wenjun
- Wang Xiaoling
- Wang Xiaoning
- Wang Xuefei
- Wang Xuegang
- Wang Yan
- Wang Yimin
- Wang Ying
- Wang Ying
- Wang Yuanyuan
- Wangchuck Tsering
- Wangdi Tsering
- Ward-Moore Stephanie
- Warren Graham
- Warren James T.
- Warry Georgina
- Watanabe Hidemi
- Watanabe Saki
- Waterston Robert H.
- Watson Andy
- Watt Nicola
- Webb Anthony
- Webb Jeannette
- Webber Caleb
- Weber Ryan J.
- Wehri Edward
- Wei Shulin
- Wei Xuehong
- Weidenbach Richard
- Weinstock George
- Weinstock Keith
- Weir John
- Weissenbach Jean
- Wells Alan
- Wells Sarah
- Welton Robert
- Wen Gaiping
- Wendi Mike
- Weng Li
- Wenning Sarah
- Wentz Sara
- Werler Daniela
- Wesley Mary Melissa
- West Paul
- West Tony
- Wetterstrand Kris
- Wheatley Angela
- Wheatley Carl
- Wheeler David A.
- Wheeler Gideon
- Wheeler Jeremy
- Whitaker Hayley
- White Adam
- White Amelia
- White Brian
- White Catherine
- White Flower
- White Jennifer
- White Johnathon
- White P. Scott
- White Scott P.
- White Simon
- Whitehead Sally
- Whiteley Matthew
- Whitmore Scott
- Whittaker Adam
- Whittaker Charles
- Whittaker Pamela
- Wickremasinghe Manosha I.
- Widaa Sara
- Wiegel Sarah
- Wild Anna
- Wilkinson Jane
- Wilkinson Jane
- Wilkinson Paul
- Willey David
- Williams Albert L.
- Williams Andy
- Williams Bill
- Williams Gabrielle A.
- Williams Leanne
- Williamson Angela L.
- Williamson Helen
- Wills Patricia L.
- Wills Richard
- Wilmer Tamsin
- Wilming Laurens
- Wilson Brian
- Wilson Gareth
- Wilson Margaret
- Wilson Nyree
- Wilson Piers
- Wilson Richard K.
- Wilson Siobhan
- Wilson Steve
- Wilson Wendy
- Wincker Patrick
- Window Philip
- Winster Jenny
- Winzar Claire
- Witt James
- Wleczyk Regina
- Wobus Fred
- Woessner Jeffrey
- Wohldmann Patty
- Wollard Jessica
- Womack Andrew W.
- Wong Benjamin
- Wong Gane K-S
- Wood Diane
- Wood Emma
- Wood Joe
- Wooden Hailey S.
- Wooden Steven H.
- Woodeson Sharon
- Woodfine Kathryn
- Woodmansey Rebecca
- Woods Eric
- Woodwark Cara
- Wooster Richard
- Worley Kim Carlyle
- Woyke Tanja
- Wray Matthew
- Wray Paul
- Wright Charmain
- Wright Debbie
- Wright Kathrine
- Wright Kristin
- Wright Rita A.
- Wu Chungen
- Wu Dongying
- Wu Jiaqian
- Wu Jung-Rung
- Wu Kevin
- Wu Qingfa
- Wu Qingfa
- Wu Ruiming
- Wu Xiao
- Wu Xiaojing
- Wu Zaining
- Wyatt Julia
- Wycoff-Montenegro Melissa
- Wylie Kris
- Wyman Dudley
- Wyman Stacia
- Xi Yan
- Xi Yingying
- Xie Fei
- Xie Gary
- Xie Jane
- Xiong Hui
- Xiong Yuqing
- Xu Alex
- Xu Jing
- Xu Jing
- Xu Ruqin
- Xu Shuhua
- Xu Wei
- Xu Xinlai
- Xu Yan
- Xu Yuning
- Xu Zhihong
- Xu Zuyuan
- Xuan Yali
- Xuan Zhenyu
- Xue Rui
- Yada Tetsushi
- Yadav Shailendra
- Yakub Syed
- Yamamoto Lynn
- Yamamoto Noriko
- Yamamoto Yuko
- Yamashita Yasue
- Yamazaki Satoru
- Yang Hao
- Yang Huanming
- Yang Huanming
- Yang Joan
- Yang Shiaw-Pyng
- Yang Shudong
- Yang Xiaonan
- Yang Xiaonan
- Yang Xiaoping
- Yang Yongkui
- Yano Candance
- Yao Zhijian
- Yao Zhijian
- Yaspo Marie-Laure
- Ye Chen
- Yeager Shane
- Yeh Mimi
- Yen Jennifer
- Yeshitela Rahel Retta
- Yoakum Martin
- Yokobata Kathy
- Yokoyama Jennifer
- Yonezawa Miho
- Yoon Lillienne
- Yoon Vivienne
- Yoshida Satoru
- You Bo
- Young Geneva
- Young Louise
- Young Shelia
- Younger Ruth
- Yu Bing
- Yu Charles
- Yu Fuli
- Yu Jun
- Yu Jun
- Yu Jun
- Yuan Kaiwen
- Yuan Ye
- Yuan Yida
- Yue Shujie
- Yumae Brian
- Yun Rui
- Zainoun Joanne
- Zembeck Lisa
- Zeng Yixin
- Zhai Dong
- Zhan Guoping
- Zhang Bo
- Zhang Caimin
- Zhang Fengmei
- Zhang Guangyu
- Zhang Guohua
- Zhang Guohua
- Zhang Haiqing
- Zhang Haiqing
- Zhang Haiqing
- Zhang Hongbo
- Zhang Hongbo
- Zhang Jingjing
- Zhang Jingjing
- Zhang Jingkun
- Zhang Jiuchun
- Zhang Jiuchun
- Zhang Lanzhi
- Zhang Li
- Zhang Li
- Zhang Meihua
- Zhang Meng
- Zhang Ming
- Zhang Qing
- Zhang Ruhua
- Zhang Shaojie
- Zhang Tiezhen
- Zhang Wei
- Zhang Wei
- Zhang Xianglin
- Zhang Xianglin
- Zhang Xiaoliang
- Zhang Xiuqing
- Zhang Yan
- Zhang Yi
- Zhang Yilin
- Zhang Yilin
- Zhang Ying
- Zhang Yuansen
- Zhang Yuzhi
- Zhang Zhengdong
- Zhao Hongmei
- Zhao Lijian
- Zhao Shenru
- Zhao Zhijing
- Zhen Zhicheng
- Zheng Haibo
- Zhong Ming
- Zhou Carol
- Zhou Haixia
- Zhou Jianling
- Zhou Nannan
- Zhou Xinfeng
- Zhou Yan
- Zhou Yang
- Zhou Yi
- Zhu Bingying
- Zhu Bofeng
- Zhu Fenghua
- Zhu Genfeng
- Zhu Genfeng
- Zhu Miao
- Zhu Ning
- Zhu Yongge
- Zhu Zhen
- Zhuang Shitao
- Zierten Deborah
- Zimmer Andrew
- Zody Michael C.
- Zollo Massimo
- Zorrilla Sara E.
- Zuo Lin
- Publication venue
- LSU Digital Commons
- Publication date
- 21/10/2004
- Field of study
The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead
IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man, Volume 8: Some Aromatic Azo Compounds
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Portland Press Ltd.'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Practical experience of using human microdosing with AMS analysis to obtain early human drug metabolism and PK data
- Publication venue
- 'Future Science Ltd'
- Publication date
- Field of study
- …