Prevalência da infecção pelo papilomavirus humano nas aldeias rurais do Amazonas Boliviano

Cervical cancer constitutes a major health problem in developing countries like Bolivia. The roles of certain genotypes of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer is well established. The prevalence of HPV infection among sexually active women varies greatly. Information regarding HPV infection in Bolivia is very much scarce, specially in regions like the Amazonian lowland. We studied 135 healthy women living in four rural localities of the Bolivian Amazon. Presence of HPV in DNA extracted from cervical swabs was analyzed using a reverse line hybridization assay. The estimated overall HPV infection prevalence among the studied rural localities was 5.9% (ranging from 0-16.6%). These values were unexpectedly low considering Bolivia has a high incidence of cervical cancer. The fact that Amazonian people seem to be less exposed to HPV, makes it likely that some other risk factors including host lifestyle behaviors and genetic background may be involved in the development of cervical cancer in this population.O câncer cervical constitui problema de saúde da maior importância nos países em desenvolvimento tais como a Bolívia. O papel de certos genótipos de papilomavirus humano (HPVs) na patologia do câncer cervical está bem estabelecido. A prevalência da infecção pelo HPV nas mulheres sexualmente ativas varia amplamente. Contudo, as informações existentes acerca da infecção pelo HPV na Bolivia são muito escassas, especialmente nas zonas rurais, nomeadamente na região amazônica do país. Foram estudadas 135 mulheres saudáveis, residentes em quatro localidades do Amazonas Boliviano. Foi detectada a presença de HPV no DNA extraído de esfregaços cervicais, utilizando o método de hibridização em linha reversa. A prevalência da infecção por HVP, encontrada nas localidades rurais, foi de 5,9% (variação entre 0-16,6%). Estes valores foram inesperadamente baixos, uma vez que a Bolívia é um país com alta incidência de câncer cervical. O fato da população do Amazonas parecer estar menos exposta ao HPV leva-nos a pensar que outros fatores de risco, inclusive estilos de vida e fatores genéticos, poderiam ter alguma relevância no desenvolvimento do câncer cervical nesta população

Metodología para el análisis de incidentes de ciberseguridad o ciberataques durante las acciones de ciberdefensa de las infraestructuras críticas de la defensa nacional –infoscopia–

El desarrollo actual de la Ciberseguridad y la Ciberdefensa está apoyado en el empleo de procedimientos reactivos de detección, mitigación y remediación, que se aplican cuando el efecto de la agresión sobre una Infraestructura Crítica del Sistema de Defensa Nacional (ICSDN) ya ocurrió. Se ha adoptado un enfoque derivado de las normativas de Seguridad de la Información, como las formuladas por el estándar internacional ISO/IEC 27000. El aporte original de esta línea de investigación se basa en proponer una nueva metodología de Ciberdefensa, desarrollando un abordaje proactivo hacia las amenazas antes que éstas comprometan la infraestructura crítica, a fin de sorprender al agresor mediante una defensa dinámica y reducir sus posibilidades de éxito. Las líneas de investigación de InFoscopia tienen como alcance desarrollar una metodología proactiva de análisis de eventos que ocurren antes de que el objetivo cibernético haya sido comprometido. Se enfocará en las ICSDN estratégicas (servicios esenciales de energía, transporte, financieros, comunicaciones e informática, alimentos, agua, químicos, nuclear o espacial) y de capacidades militares. Contribuirá al desarrollo de procedimientos proactivos por parte de los grupos de respuesta del tipo Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT) o Centro de Operaciones de Ciberdefensa, encargados de la protección de las ICSDN.Eje: Seguridad Informática.Red de Universidades con Carreras en Informátic

Metodología para el análisis de incidentes de ciberseguridad o ciberataques durante las acciones de ciberdefensa de las infraestructuras críticas de la defensa nacional –infoscopia–

El desarrollo actual de la Ciberseguridad y la Ciberdefensa está apoyado en el empleo de procedimientos reactivos de detección, mitigación y remediación, que se aplican cuando el efecto de la agresión sobre una Infraestructura Crítica del Sistema de Defensa Nacional (ICSDN) ya ocurrió. Se ha adoptado un enfoque derivado de las normativas de Seguridad de la Información, como las formuladas por el estándar internacional ISO/IEC 27000. El aporte original de esta línea de investigación se basa en proponer una nueva metodología de Ciberdefensa, desarrollando un abordaje proactivo hacia las amenazas antes que éstas comprometan la infraestructura crítica, a fin de sorprender al agresor mediante una defensa dinámica y reducir sus posibilidades de éxito. Las líneas de investigación de InFoscopia tienen como alcance desarrollar una metodología proactiva de análisis de eventos que ocurren antes de que el objetivo cibernético haya sido comprometido. Se enfocará en las ICSDN estratégicas (servicios esenciales de energía, transporte, financieros, comunicaciones e informática, alimentos, agua, químicos, nuclear o espacial) y de capacidades militares. Contribuirá al desarrollo de procedimientos proactivos por parte de los grupos de respuesta del tipo Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT) o Centro de Operaciones de Ciberdefensa, encargados de la protección de las ICSDN.Eje: Seguridad Informática.Red de Universidades con Carreras en Informátic

Impact of SARS-Cov-2 infection in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy : results of an international multicentre registry

To describe the natural history of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) compared with a control group and to identify predictors of adverse events. Three hundred and five patients [age 56.6 ± 16.9 years old, 191 (62.6%) male patients] with HCM and SARS-Cov-2 infection were enrolled. The control group consisted of 91 131 infected individuals. Endpoints were (i) SARS-CoV-2 related mortality and (ii) severe clinical course [death or intensive care unit (ICU) admission]. New onset of atrial fibrillation, ventricular arrhythmias, shock, stroke, and cardiac arrest were also recorded. Sixty-nine (22.9%) HCM patients were hospitalized for non-ICU level care, and 21 (7.0%) required ICU care. Seventeen (5.6%) died: eight (2.6%) of respiratory failure, four (1.3%) of heart failure, two (0.7%) suddenly, and three (1.0%) due to other SARS-CoV-2-related complications. Covariates associated with mortality in the multivariable were age {odds ratio (OR) per 10 year increase 2.25 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12-4.51], P = 0.0229}, baseline New York Heart Association class [OR per one-unit increase 4.01 (95%CI: 1.75-9.20), P = 0.0011], presence of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction [OR 5.59 (95%CI: 1.16-26.92), P = 0.0317], and left ventricular systolic impairment [OR 7.72 (95%CI: 1.20-49.79), P = 0.0316]. Controlling for age and sex and comparing HCM patients with a community-based SARS-CoV-2 cohort, the presence of HCM was associated with a borderline significant increased risk of mortality OR 1.70 (95%CI: 0.98-2.91, P = 0.0600). Over one-fourth of HCM patients infected with SARS-Cov-2 required hospitalization, including 6% in an ICU setting. Age and cardiac features related to HCM, including baseline functional class, left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, and systolic impairment, conveyed increased risk of mortality

Genomic Relationships, Novel Loci, and Pleiotropic Mechanisms across Eight Psychiatric Disorders

Genetic influences on psychiatric disorders transcend diagnostic boundaries, suggesting substantial pleiotropy of contributing loci. However, the nature and mechanisms of these pleiotropic effects remain unclear. We performed analyses of 232,964 cases and 494,162 controls from genome-wide studies of anorexia nervosa, attention-deficit/hyper-activity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, major depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, and Tourette syndrome. Genetic correlation analyses revealed a meaningful structure within the eight disorders, identifying three groups of inter-related disorders. Meta-analysis across these eight disorders detected 109 loci associated with at least two psychiatric disorders, including 23 loci with pleiotropic effects on four or more disorders and 11 loci with antagonistic effects on multiple disorders. The pleiotropic loci are located within genes that show heightened expression in the brain throughout the lifespan, beginning prenatally in the second trimester, and play prominent roles in neurodevelopmental processes. These findings have important implications for psychiatric nosology, drug development, and risk prediction.Peer reviewe

The Caldera. No. 23

La pandemia, sin lugar a dudas, nos ha cambiado la vida a todos; un viernes nos fuimos para nuestros hogares, en el marco de una educación presencial; al lunes siguiente, después de dos días, estábamos iniciando el camino hacia una educación remota, una educación virtual, que se ha convertido en una gran alternativa para seguir contribuyendo con la formación de nuestros niños y jóvenes caldistas y al mejoramiento de nuestra calidad de vida que halla, en la educación, nuevamente la respuesta; han sido meses de cambios drásticos, inimaginables pero, cambios positivos que nos han permitido crecer como individuos, como familia, como escuela y como sociedad.Especial pandemia. Una generación Resiliente por promoción DINASTIA…06 VII Concurso Intercolegiado departamental de Oratoria. Ulibro 2020…51 Deporte en el Caldas…64 Expresiones Caldistas…71 Celebremos la palabra…93 Nuestros Maestros…102 Galería de Imágenes…107The pandemic, without a doubt, has changed the lives of all of us; One Friday we went to our homes, as part of a face-to-face education; The following Monday, after two days, we were starting the path towards a remote education, a virtual education, which has become a great alternative to continue contributing to the training of our children and young Caldistas and to the improvement of our quality of life. that finds, in education, the answer again; They have been months of drastic changes, unimaginable but positive changes that have allowed us to grow as individuals, as a family, as a school and as a society