As memórias em disputa sobre a ditadura civil-militar na UFRJ: lugares de memória, sujeitos e comemorações

This article analyzes the memory disputes present in the celebrations and in the places of memory of the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) during the pe riod of the civil-military dictatorship and how the University itself deals with these memories. The centenary history of UFRJ has a striking feature, since its origin on September 7, 1920, the fragmentation of its units and, consequently, of its collections, which are dispersed on its various campuses. The marks of these disputed memories about the past and about university life during the dictatorship are present in the daily life of the academic community and society, especially because many of the subjects who were in the management of the insti tution also held prominent positions in the federal administration.Este artigo analisa as disputas de memória presentes nas comemorações e nos lugares de memória da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) durante o período da ditadura civil-militar e como a própria universidade lida com essas memórias. A história centenária da UFRJ tem como traço marcante, desde a sua origem em 7 de setembro de 1920, a fragmentação de suas unidades e, por conseguinte, de seus acervos, que se encontram dispersos em seus diversos campi. As marcas dessas memórias em disputa sobre o passado e sobre a vida universitária durante a ditadura estão presentes no cotidiano da comunidade acadêmica e da sociedade, sobretudo, porque muitos dos sujeitos que estavam na gestão da instituição também exerceram cargos de destaque na administração federal

Art déco e indústria: Brasil, décadas de 1930 e 1940

Este artigo analisa as características assumidas pela arquitetura de tendência art déco em construções ligadas à indústria - moradias, igrejas, escolas, clubes, fábricas etc. - erguidas no Brasil nas décadas de 1930 e 1940, investigando o repertório formal utilizado em diferentes tipologias. Faz uma análise mais detalhada das construções criadas pela Companhia Industrial Fiação de Tecidos Goyanna, em Pernambuco, no período entre 1937 e o final da década de 1940. Trata-se de um conjunto notável pela unidade formal, vinculada à linguagem art déco, e pelo emprego de soluções inovadoras em termos de forma e de programa.The aim of this article is to analyze the characteristics of Art Deco tendencies in buildings related to the industry - as houses, churches, schools, clubs, plants etc - in Brazil during the 1930s and 1940s. It studies the formal repertory used in different types of construction and develops a more detailed analysis of a complex of constructions by the firm Companhia Industrial Fiação de Tecidos Goyanna, in the state of Pernambuco, built during the period between 1937 and the end of 1940s. The presented group of constructions is notable for the formal coherence, associated with the Art Deco language, and for the use of innovative program and form solutions

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS: We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS: The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION: Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. FUNDING: WHO

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. Copyright (C) 2021 World Health Organization; licensee Elsevier

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings

MEMÓRIA INSTITUCIONAL E HISTÓRIA PÚBLICA: AS COMEMORAÇÕES DO CENTENÁRIO DA UFRJ

A História centenária da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro tem como traço marcante, desde a sua origem em 07 de setembro de 1920, a fragmentação de suas unidades e, por conseguinte, de seus acervos, que se encontram dispersos em seus diversos campi e lugares de memória. Destaco neste trabalho a importância do projeto de pesquisa que coordeno na Divisão de Memória Institucional (DMI) do Sistema de Bibliotecas e Informação da UFRJ referente à reflexão sobre os diferentes lugares de memória da Universidade e de seus acervos e como a efeméride dos cem anos vem estimulando diversas unidades e o corpo social da instituição no trabalho memorialístico e de divulgação científica histórica nas redes sociais e canais de comunicação. A DMI, além de promover a disseminação e a análise do acervo e patrimônio universitário, estimula também a orientação de novas pesquisas de Iniciação Científica entre os estudantes de graduação que se apropriam destes acervos como fontes e objetos. Também atuamos junto à sociedade na divulgação científica nas redes sociais da DMI dos resultados das pesquisas e destes acervos institucionais analisados. Promovendo, dessa maneira, não apenas a divulgação científica histórica sobre/de a Universidade, mas, sobretudo, um debate nestes canais mencionados com um público que nem sempre é do campo da História, mas que tem uma identidade com a UFRJ, até mesmo uma memória afetiva com a instituição, com isso, contribuímos para refletir sobre alguns paradigmas referentes à Universidade, e sempre mantendo o compromisso metodológico e teórico possibilitando a ampliação do debate com a sociedade

A trajetória da UFRJ: patrimônio, memória e acervos

Em quase 100 anos de História a Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro tem como traço marcante, desde a sua origem em 1920, a fragmentação de suas unidades. O trabalho de pesquisa que desenvolvemos na Divisão de Memória Institucional do Sistema de Bibliotecas e Informação tem como objetivo difundir e analisar os diversos acervos referentes à memória e à história da UFRJ. Com a intenção de integrar e dialogar com os diferentes lugares de memória da Universidade, sejam eles: bibliotecas, museus, arquivos, espaços de ciência, memória e cultura; que este trabalho de pesquisa procura fazer uma reflexão sobre o conhecimento e a disseminação dos acervos da UFRJ e de seu patrimônio material e imaterial. Dentre esses acervos podemos destacar: os decretos; as atas do CONSUNI; os discursos oficiais dos Reitores; os discursos oficiais dos Presidentes da República sobre a Universidade; os periódicos; os boletins da UFRJ; os selos comemorativos; correspondências; materiais iconográficos, bibliográficos e cartográficos; obras raras; acervos técnico-científicos; artístico-culturais; patrimônio histórico-edificado; e o acervo de História Oral com o depoimento dos ex-Reitores da UFRJ. Todo esse patrimônio institucional imprime uma identidade à UFRJ que promove também outras importantes reflexões acerca de sua salvaguarda, preservação e disseminação. Inclusive com relação à sua trajetória, o seu nome também representa uma grande historicidade desde a pioneira Universidade do Rio de Janeiro nos anos 1920, passando pelo paradigma de Universidade do Brasil na Era Vargas até a modernização conservadora como Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro no período da Ditadura Civil-Militar, nome empregado até os dias de hoje

A UFRJ durante a Ditadura Civil-Militar (1964-1985)

Este estudo tem como principal objetivo apresentar a importância do Projeto Memória, Documentação e Pesquisa da Divisão de Memória Institucional do Sistema de Bibliotecas e Informação (SiBI) da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) e as suas pesquisas referentes à memória e à história institucional. Desde o ano de 2014, quando se completou 50 anos do golpe civil-militar no Brasil, as pesquisas desenvolvidas se destinaram à análise e à disseminação do acervo universitário referente a esse período da história nacional, em que houve vários expurgos de professores, discentes e servidores técnico-administrativos da UFRJ, a invasão do campus da Praia da Vermelha pelas forças armadas e a perseguição de vários estudantes universitários ligados direta ou indiretamente ao movimento estudantil, além de outros mecanismos institucionalizados de cerceamento, como a censura às obras bibliográficas e à pesquisa; a criação de Agências Especiais de Informação (as AESI) para vigiar a comunidade universitária; ao mesmo tempo em que percebemos que foi no período autoritário que as obras do campus da Cidade Universitária foram concluídas e que vários Programas de Pós-Graduação foram criados, por tudo isso, tornou-se necessário rememorar e analisar essa conjuntura na trajetória da UFRJ. Como destacou Rodrigo Patto (2014), o intento reformista, de feição autoritária e conservadora, influenciou as políticas do regime militar para as Universidades. Lembramos que um ponto culminante do governo autoritário e a sua principal legislação de exceção para as Universidades foi a criação do decreto-lei nº 477, de 26 de fevereiro de 1969, também chamado de “AI-5 das universidades”, que punia professores, estudantes e servidores técnico-administrativos das universidades acusados de subversão ao regime e punidos com a expulsão e outras sanções. Este trabalho mantem um diálogo com a Comissão da Memória e Verdade da UFRJ (CMV-UFRJ), criada, em Julho de 2013, com o intuito de investigar os impactos do regime militar e das violações dos direitos humanos no interior da Universidade, e os debates em torno do chamado “dever de memória”

Os usos políticos e disputas por memória na construção da Cidade Universitária da UFRJ

A Cidade Universitária da UFRJ é um projeto da ditadura do Estado Novo (1937-1945), mas somente inaugurada durante o governo democrático de Getúlio Vargas, em 1953. Entretanto, o seu crescimento e expansão foram retomados durante a ditadura civil-militar (1964-1985), a partir do incremento financeiro e investimentos para a conclusão das obras interrompidas diversas vezes pelos governos anteriores. E por isso mesmo, é um espaço de recordação que representa estas memórias em disputa. Pois a sua reinauguração, em 07 de setembro de 1972, foi usada pelo presidente militar Médici numa perspectiva de legado histórico de sua gestão e a importância de seu governo entregar a Cidade Universitária não somente para a comunidade acadêmica da UFRJ, mas também para o país naquele momento ditatorial que celebrava os sesquicentenário da pátria