Some stochastic comparison results for frailty and resilience models

Frailty and resilience models provide a way to introduce random effects in hazard and reversed hazard rate modeling by random variables, called frailty and resilience random variables, respectively, to account for unobserved or unexplained heterogeneity among experimental units. This paper investigates the effects of frailty and resilience random variables on the baseline random variables using some shifted stochastic orders based on some ageing properties of the baseline random variables. Relevant examples are provided to illustrate the results. Some results are illustrated with real-world data

Variability and skewness ordering of sample extremes from dependent random variables following the proportional odds model

The proportional odds (PO) model not only capable of generating new family of flexible distributions but also is a very important model in reliability theory and survival analysis. In this study, we investigate comparisons of minimums as well as maximums of samples from dependent random variables following the PO model and with Archimedean copulas, in terms of dispersive and star orders. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the the findings.Comment: 8 figure

Stochastic orderings between two finite mixture models with inverted-Kumaraswamy distributed components

In this paper, we consider two finite mixture models (FMMs), with inverted-Kumaraswamy distributed components' lifetimes. Several stochastic ordering results between the FMMs have been obtained. Mainly, we focus on three different cases in terms of the heterogeneity of parameters. The usual stochastic order between the FMMs have been established when heterogeneity presents in one parameter as well as two parameters. In addition, we have also studied ageing faster order in terms of the reversed hazard rate between two FMMs when heterogeneity is in two parameters. For the case of heterogeneity in three parameters, we obtain the comparison results based on reversed hazard rate and likelihood ratio orders. The theoretical developments have been illustrated using several examples and counterexamples.Comment: 2

Regulation of Monoamine Oxidase A (MAO-A) Expression, Activity, and Function in IL-13–Stimulated Monocytes and A549 Lung Carcinoma Cells

Monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) is a mitochondrial flavoen-zyme implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and inflammation and also in many neurological disorders. MAO-A also has been reported as a potential therapeutic target in prostate cancer. However, the regulatory mechanisms controlling cytokine-induced MAO-A expression in immune or cancer cells remain to be identified. Here, we show that MAO-A expression is co-induced with 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) in interleukin 13 (IL-13)-activated primary human monocytes and A549 nonsmall cell lung carcinoma cells. We present evidence that MAO-A gene expression and activity are regulated by signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, 3, and 6 (STAT1, STAT3, and STAT6), early growth response 1 (EGR1), and cAMP-responsive element– binding protein (CREB), the same transcription factors that control IL-13– dependent 15-LO expression. We further established that in both primary monocytes and in A549 cells, IL-13–stimulated MAO-A expression, activity, and function are directly governed by 15-LO. In contrast, IL-13– driven expression and activity of MAO-A was 15-LO–independent in U937 promonocytic cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the 15-LO– dependent transcriptional regulation of MAO-A in response to IL-13 stimulation in monocytes and in A549 cells is mediated by peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor (PPAR) and that signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) plays a crucial role in facilitating the transcriptional activity of PPAR. We further report that the IL-13–STAT6 – 15-LO–PPAR axis is critical for MAO-A expression, activity, and function, including migration and reactive oxygen species generation. Altogether, these results have major implications for the resolution of inflammation and indicat

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Colorimetric sensing of chloride and fluoride by 2-quinonimine functionalized gold nanoparticles

Chloride and fluoride are very reactive water contaminants that have adverse effects on animal health as well as their psychochemical processes. The sensing of these two anions in an aqueous medium is important for clinical diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and various industrial applications. In this report, the stable colloid of gold nanoparticles functionalized (AuNPs) with 2-quinonimine (2-QI) was successfully synthesized to be used in the colorimetric sensing application of chloride and fluoride ions in an aqueous medium. A decrease in intensity of the Surface Plasmon Absorption (SPR) band in UV–VIS spectra was observed for colloids of AuNPs functionalized with 2-QI upon a gradual increase in the concentration of chloride or fluoride ions with respect to the water dilution. Though the intensity of the SPR band was found to decrease in the pH range of 2–12, the best result was observed at pH 2. A linearity range was observed up to 0.04 mM concentration of both the analyte for 880 μM AuNPs with sensitivity of ∼18–20 mM−1 and a limit of detection of ∼8–8.5 μM. An immediate selective decolorization was observed by the naked eye for 0.5 mL of 160 μM AuNPs in a 0.5 mL aqueous chloride solution of 15 mM and fluoride solution of 17.5 mM. The responses were found to be selective over the other common cations, anions, or biomolecules tested. The proposed sensing mechanism was explained as the accumulation of AuNPs in micro-particles by destroying the stabilization of AuNPs through dipolar interaction with 2-QI