Smart Sensor Data Acquisition in trains

Whether for work or leisure, we see a large number of people traveling by train every day. In order to ensure the comfort and safety of passengers, it must be checked whether the composition is working normally. For this purpose, a constant monitoring of a train must be done, followed by a diagnosis of the com-position, prediction of failures and production of alarms in the event of any anomaly. To perform monitoring on a train, it is necessary to collect data from sensors distributed along its carriages and send them to a software system that performs the diagnosis of the composition in a fast and efficient way. The description of the activities necessary for monitoring of a train imme-diately refers to topics such as distributed systems, since the intended system will have to integrate several sensors distributed along the train, or Smart Systems, since each sensor must have the capacity to not only acquire data, but also trans-mit it, preferably, wirelessly. However, there are some obstacles to the implementation of such a system. Firstly, the existence of sources of distortions and noise in the medium interferes both in the acquisition and transmission of data and secondly the fact that the sensors distributed along the train are not prepared to be connected directly to a software system. This dissertation seeks to find a solution for the problems described by im-plementing a data acquisition system that is distributed and takes advantage of the current technologies of low-cost sensor nodes as well as web technologies for sensor networks

estudos artísticos

O tropicalismo arranca em 1967, através do corpo: a música de Caetano Veloso e Gilberto Gil, os vestíveis de Hélio Oiticica, as propostas teatrais de José Celso Martinez Corrêa e os cenários de Hélio Eichbauer. Hoje as coisas são um pouco mais complexas. Em tempo de redes sociais, os aspirantes ao poder fazem uso da sua imediatez para suscitarem reações epidérmicas, superficiais, populistas e de grande instantaneidade. A boçalidade triunfa nas caixas de comentários, e com mais alguns perfis falsificados podem manipular-se plebiscitos, movimentos secessionistas, ou, e também censurar-se exposições de arte. Nesta variação do fascismo, a epiderme eletrificada das redes sociais estrutura-se como uma poderosa arena onde se aparenta uma falsa democracia. Talvez a arte continue a ser um reduto para reflexão, mas vemos que a censura se manifesta hoje de modo talvez mais eficaz, silenciando artistas e professores, através da pressão mediatizada, da emoção do momento. Para isto é necessária a atenção consciente da arte, dos artistas, e também dos arte-educadores: enfrenta-se uma massa cada vez mais informe, alienada e despojada de reflexão para além do imediato.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Lógica para Modelos de Integração de conhecimentos para auxílio à decisão - plantios florestais ecológico-econômicos em zonas de recarga de aqüíferos.

As Geociências Agrárias e Ambientais (GAA) integram ciências e conhecimentos para as práticas da agricultura, silvicultura e zoocultura na gestão agrogeológica e ambiental. Interligar ciências perfaz um conjunto de operações para constituir as: (1) bases de conhecimentos (2) articulações lógicas entre essas bases (3) e entre os modelos dos processos naturais e tecnológicos e (4) previsões de impactos que advenham a Zonas de Recarga de Aqüíferos (ZRAs), à circulação hídrica, a qualidade da água e a estabilidade dos terrenos. Para o ato de decidir, a questão central é internalizar nos procedimentos lógicos “os aspectos de corte para a decisão” entre as diversas ciências, técnicas, sistemas naturais e temas de segurança. Quatro questões geo-ambientais estão no centro deste processo de auxílio à decisão para integrar as: (1) variáveis paramétricas medidas (2) condicionantes estruturais (3) condicionantes geodinâmicos e (4) sensibilidade a intervenções. Evidenciou-se passos lógicos para estabelecer um programa de auxílio à decisão que trate do conjunto de questões que envolvem esses temas para uso de áreas sensíveis como as ZRAs.Logic Models for Integration of Knowledge to Aid Decision - Ecologic and Economic Forest Plantations in Areas of Aquifer Recharge. The Agrarian and Environmental Geosciences imply the integration of several sciences and fields of knowledge in order to assist farming, forestry and animals’ bringing. To integrate those sciences and knowledge into a model it is necessary to bring conservation practices not only to the agronomical practices but at the same time into geo-ecological administration of watersheds. The interconnection of those sciences demands the organization of: (1) knowledge bases (2) a logical articulation system for these cognitive bases (3) logic models of natural processes and technology and (4) a prevision and control system of eventual anthropic-derived impacts in underground water recharge zones, water circulation, water quality and terrain stability. For the act of decision the central challenge is the internalization of “the cross-cutting aspects of decision” derived from the various sciences, natural systems and security issues. Four geo-environmental questions are central to the whole process of decision making, for the proper integration of practical knowledge, which involves the determination of the: (1) adequate parameters, (2) structural conditioning factors, (3) geodynamic factors, and (4) terrain/ecosystems susceptibility to anthropic interventions. The logical steps become thus evident for the design of decision making supporting systems, which will deal with themes involving sensible areas in watershed

A conversão do sertão capelas e a governamentalidade nas Minas Gerais The conversion of the hinterland chapels and governamentalidade in the Minas Gerais

O artigo trata da instituição das capelas no território das Minas Gerais, considerando a sua significação política e a sua relação com o enquadramento social da população. Procura-se avaliar essa prática de poder, desde a fundação pelos patronos coloniais até o reconhecimento eclesiástico e régio. Observando-se os laços políticos na segunda metade do século XVIII, verifica-se ainda que as capelas, mecanismos de poder senhorial e de normalização dos súditos, tinham um papel fundamental na governamentalidade do Estado, especialmente nas fronteiras.<br>This paper is concerned with the establishment of chapels in Minas Gerais, taking into account its political meaning and its relationship with the social fitting of the population. Power practices are evaluated, since foundations of the chapels by colonial sponsors to their ecclesiastical and royal admissions. Considering political bonds on the second half of the eighteen century, one verifies that chapels - a way of power of owners and subject regulation - had a fundamental role in the government, mainly at frontiers

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P &lt; 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)