Augmented Reality Research and Applications in Education

Augmented reality is defined as the technology in which virtual objects are blended with the real world and also interact with each other. Although augmented reality applications are used in many areas, the most important of these areas is the field of education. AR technology allows the combination of real objects and virtual information in order to increase students’ interaction with physical environments and facilitate their learning. Developing technology enables students to learn complex topics in a fun and easy way through virtual reality devices. Students interact with objects in the virtual environment and can learn more about it. For example; by organizing digital tours to a museum or zoo in a completely different country, lessons can be taught in the company of a teacher as if they were there at that moment. In the light of all these, this study is a compilation study. In this context, augmented reality technologies were introduced and attention was drawn to their use in different fields of education with their examples. As a suggestion at the end of the study, it was emphasized that the prepared sections should be carefully read by the educators and put into practice in their lessons. In addition it was also pointed out that it should be preferred in order to communicate effectively with students by interacting in real time, especially during the pandemic process

Social media attitudes among vocational school students

The rapid developments in communication technologies in recent years, especially the introduction of the internet into our daily lives, have brought many changes in social, economic and cultural life.One of these changes; social media communication tools that enter our lives rapidly.Social media has become an indispensable part of our lives with the increasing number of users.Researches show that young people especially university students frequently use social media communication tools. In this study, social media attitudes of Vocational High School students were investigated and in this context, 502 students studying at Sakarya University and Kafkas University Vocational High Schools were studied.Social Media Attitude Scale developed by Otrar and Argınwas used to determine the social media attitudes of Vocational School students.The scale consists of 23 items. Relational screening method was used in the research. Necessary analyzes were performed with SPSS 24 program and mean and standard deviation values of the scale items were calculated.Two groups t test, one-way Anova test and Post-Hoc Scheffe test were used to correlate social media attitudes with demographic data.In conclusion, there was no significant difference between students' social media attitudes and gender, department, class, internet usage time demographic data; however, there was a positive and significant relationship between social media attitudes and internet connection year and social media usage hours

Cave Houses as Arcetypes of Shelter Formation in Capadoccia Region, Turkey

Abstract Cave houses are the priviliged arcetypes of the concept residence being preserved from ancient periods until today. Sustainability of local natural environments and cultural heritage becomes a global issue, while local sites become learning grounds for global communities. One of the best examples of man's symbiotic relationship with nature is Cappadocia located in Central Anatolia offering many possibilities and outcomes for underground habitation. The formation of these structures, their aesthetical value as a whole, the environmental approaches, sustainability ability of these houses, interior space etc. are being identified multidisciplinary in this paper. The aim of this paper is to mention the historical background, formation and developments of the spatial necessities of human from the ancient times that have been surviving from thousands of years and are still in the function today. The functions of these cave houses in current conditions are also being evaluated and the proposals are indicated. In the results and conclusions the necessities of current conditions regarding the spatial aspects of these cave formations with proposals are being identified. Since almost two thousand years the cave dwellings of Cappadocia play a major role in the regional architecture. During that period many different cultures inhabited this area and used special cave dwellings due to their internalized specific needs. The climate inside is optimal for living and storing: cool in summer and warm in winter. New architectural elements and the needs of modern life should be combined with the local building styles

TURKISH JOURNAL of ONCOLOGY Role of Circulating Tumor Cells and Cell-Free Tumor Deoxyribonucleic Acid Fragments as Liquid Biopsy Materials in Breast Oncology

SUMMARY Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer among females worldwide. It is also the leading cause of female cancer-related death in developing countries. Though novel biomarkers and new strategies for diagnosis, monitoring course of disease, and treatment of breast cancer have been found, these methods are invasive, costly, labor-intensive, and inadequate to fully gauge treatment response and disease recurrence. Therefore, novel biomarkers with greater sensitivity and specificity, and which are easy to perform are needed in breast cancer oncology. There is growing interest in the potential use of circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor deoxyribonucleic acid fragments in liquid biopsy as non-invasive biopsy materials for early detection of breast cancer, monitoring disease progression, and understanding reasons for treatment resistance. This review is a discussion of current status of utilization of these liquid biopsy materials in breast oncology

Investigating How Students Transfer a Source Text into Speech through Lesson Study

This study was designed to explore how students enrolled at the English Academic Presentation Skills and English for Logistics Courses transfer a piece of written text into speech. Designed as a Lesson Study Project, this study was carried out during the 2016-17 Fall Semester by five teachers with the participation of 68 students from three different departments and four different classes. Data in this qualitative case study was gathered through four research lessons, classroom observations, student interviews and analysis of student work. Findings of the study revealed that students tend to make changes in a written text in five different ways to be able to present it orally. These changes fall under the headings of organizational changes, sentence level changes, summarizing the text, using key details and use of transitions

Adaptation of Problematic Smartphone Use and Anterior Psychometric Characteristics Scale into Turkish

Günümüzde gelişen ve sürekli değişime uğrayan bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri bazı bağımlılıkların hayatımıza girmesine zemin hazırlamıştır. Bu bağımlılıklardan biri de nomofobidir. Connecticut Üniversitesi’nde bir araştırmacı; David Greenfield bu bağımlılığı İngilizce de “nomobilephone” kelimelerinin birleşmesinden meydana gelen Nomophobia (Nomofobi) kelimesi ile tanımlamıştır. Nomofobi terim olarak, akıllı telefon kullanımı ile ilgili problemli kullanım, davranış ve/veya semptomların bir koleksiyonunu ortaya koymaktır. Ülkemizde akıllı telefonların kullanımı dikkate alındığında bireylerin problemli akıllı telefon kullanımına ilişkin göstermiş oldukları davranışsal reaksiyonların neler olduğunun belirlenmesi önem taşımaktadır. Özellikle bu kaygının, bireylerin günlük işlere odaklanmasını etkiler nitelikte olduğu açıktır. Bu çalışmada, bireylerin problemli akıllı telefon kullanımları ve ön psikometrik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi adına Merlo, Stone ve Bibbey (2013) tarafından geliştirilen ilgili ölçeğin Türkçe’ye uyarlama çalışması yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları, kamu ve özel eğitim kurumlarında çalışan 290 öğretmenden elde edilen verilerle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin kapsam ve görünüş geçerliği için 1 dil uzmanına, 3 alan uzmanına, 1 psikolojik danışmana, 1 ölçme değerlendirme uzmanına başvurulmuştur. Alınan uzman görüşlerinden sonra gerekli görülen düzenlemeler yapılmış ve pilot uygulama için deneme formu oluşturulmuştur. Pilot uygulamada, asıl uygulamaya eş değer 15 kişilik bir grup ile çalışılmıştır. Pilot uygulama sonucunda öğrenciler tarafından anlaşılmayan maddeler değiştirilmiş ve tekrar uzman görüşü alındıktan sonra ölçeğin asıl formu oluşturulmuştur. Yapı geçerliğini test etmek için Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi’nden (AFA) yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma sonunda toplam varyansın %54,76’sını açıklayan 20 maddeden oluşan 3 boyutlu bir ölçek elde edilmiştir. Ölçeğin Cronbach Alpha ile hesaplanan iç tutarlık katsayısı .91’ dir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizine ilişkin 3 boyut bağlamında nihai uyum indekslerinin istenilen sınırlarda olduğu tespit edilmiştir.Nowadays, the information and communication technologies that are developing and constantly changing have prepared the ground for the entry of some dependencies into our lives. One of these dependencies is nomophobia. A researcher at the University of Connecticut; David Greenfield described this addiction with the word Nomophobia (Nomophobia), which consists of the combination of the words NO MOBILE PHONE in English. Nomophobia as a term refers to a collection of problematic use, behavior and / or symptoms associated with smartphone use. Considering the use of smart phones in our country, it is important to determine the behavioral responses of individuals towards problematic smart phones. In particular, it is clear that this concern affects individuals' focus on daily work. In this study, adaptation of the related scale developed by Merlo, Stone and Bibbey (2013) to Turkish in order to determine problematic smartphone usage and preliminary psychometric properties of individuals was conducted. Validity and reliability studies of the scale were carried out with data obtained from 290 teachers working in public and private educational institutions. The validity and reliability studies of the scale were carried out with the participation of 290 teachers working in public and private educational institutions. 1 language specialist, 3 field experts, 1 psychological counselor, 1 measuring and evaluation specialist were used for the scope and appearance validity of the scale. After the expert opinions, necessary arrangements were made and a trial form was created for pilot implementation. In pilot practice, a group of 15 people, equivalent to the actual practice, was studied. As a result of the pilot implementation, the items that were not understood by the students were changed and the original form of the scale was created after receiving the expert opinion again. Exploratory Factor Analysis (AFA) was used to serve construct validity. At the end of the study, a 3 dimensional scale consisting of 20 items explaining %54,76 of the total variance was obtained. The internal consistency coefficient of the scale calculated by Cronbach Alpha was .91.The final fit indexes were found to be within the desired limits in the context of 3-dimensional confirmatory factor analysis.Nowadays, the information and communication technologies that are developing and constantly changing have prepared the ground for the entry of some dependencies into our lives. One of these dependencies is nomophobia. A researcher at the University of Connecticut; David Greenfield described this addiction with the word Nomophobia (Nomophobia), which consists of the combination of the words NO MOBILE PHONE in English. Nomophobia as a term refers to a collection of problematic use, behavior and / or symptoms associated with smartphone use. Considering the use of smart phones in our country, it is important to determine the behavioral responses of individuals towards problematic smart phones. In particular, it is clear that this concern affects individuals' focus on daily work. In this study, adaptation of the related scale developed by Merlo, Stone and Bibbey (2013) to Turkish in order to determine problematic smartphone usage and preliminary psychometric properties of individuals was conducted. Validity and reliability studies of the scale were carried out with data obtained from 290 teachers working in public and private educational institutions. The validity and reliability studies of the scale were carried out with the participation of 290 teachers working in public and private educational institutions. 1 language specialist, 3 field experts, 1 psychological counselor, 1 measuring and evaluation specialist were used for the scope and appearance validity of the scale. After the expert opinions, necessary arrangements were made and a trial form was created for pilot implementation. In pilot practice, a group of 15 people, equivalent to the actual practice, was studied. As a result of the pilot implementation, the items that were not understood by the students were changed and the original form of the scale was created after receiving the expert opinion again. Exploratory Factor Analysis (AFA) was used to serve construct validity. At the end of the study, a 3 dimensional scale consisting of 20 items explaining %54,76 of the total variance was obtained. The internal consistency coefficient of the scale calculated by Cronbach Alpha was .91.The final fit indexes were found to be within the desired limits in the context of 3-dimensional confirmatory factor analysis

Birth expectations, birth experiences and childbirth‐related post‐traumatic stress symptoms in mothers and birth companions: Dyadic investigation using response surface analysis

Objectives: During the perinatal period, women and their birth companions form expectations about childbirth. We aimed to examine whether a mismatch between birth expectations and experiences predict childbirth‐related post‐traumatic stress symptoms (CB‐PTSS) for mothers and birth companions. We also explored the influence of the mismatch between mothers' and birth companions' expectations/experiences on CB‐PTSS. Design: Dyadic longitudinal data from the Self‐Hypnosis IntraPartum Trial. Methods: Participants (n = 469 mothers; n = 358 birth companions) completed questionnaires at 27 and 36 weeks of gestation and 2 and 6 weeks post‐partum. We used the measures of birth expectations (36 weeks gestation), birth experiences (2 weeks post‐partum) and CB‐PTSS (6 weeks post‐partum). Results: Correlations revealed that birth expectations were associated with experiences for both mothers and birth companions but were not consistently associated with CB‐PTSS. Birth experiences related to CB‐PTSS for both mothers and birth companions. The response surface analysis results showed no support for the effect of a mismatch between expectations and experiences on CB‐PTSS in mothers or birth companions. Similarly, a mismatch between mothers' and birth companions' expectations or experiences was unrelated to CB‐PTSS. Conclusions: Following previous literature, birth expectations were associated with experiences, and experiences were associated with CB‐PTSS. By testing the effect of the match between birth experiences and expectations using an advanced statistical method, we found that experiences play a more substantial role than the match between experiences and expectations in CB‐PTSS. The impact of birth experiences on CB‐PTSS highlights the importance of respectful and supportive maternity care

The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder in pregnancy and after birth: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Previous reviews have provided preliminary insights into risk factors and possible prevalence of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) postpartum with no attempt to examine prenatal PTSD. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of PTSD during pregnancy and after birth, and the course of PTSD over this time. METHODS: PsychINFO, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched using PTSD terms crossed with perinatal terms. Studies were included if they reported the prevalence of PTSD during pregnancy or after birth using a diagnostic measure. RESULTS: 59 studies (N =24267) met inclusion criteria: 35 studies of prenatal PTSD and 28 studies of postpartum PTSD (where 4 studies provided prevalence of PTSD in pregnancy and postpartum). In community samples the mean prevalence of prenatal PTSD was 3.3% (95%, CI 2.44-4.54). The majority of postpartum studies measured PTSD in relation to childbirth with a mean prevalence of 4.0% (95%, CI 2.77-5.71) in community samples. Women in high-risk groups were at more risk of PTSD with a mean prevalence of 18.95% (95%, CI 10.62-31.43) in pregnancy and 18.5% (95%, CI 10.6-30.38) after birth. Using clinical interviews was associated with lower prevalence rates in pregnancy and higher prevalence rates postpartum. LIMITATIONS: Limitations include use of stringent diagnostic criteria, wide variability of PTSD rates, and inadequacy of studies on prenatal PTSD measured in three trimesters. CONCLUSIONS: PTSD is prevalent during pregnancy and after birth and may increase postpartum if not identified and treated. Assessment and treatment in maternity services is recommended

Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on perinatal mental health (Riseup-PPD-COVID-19): protocol for an international prospective cohort study

Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) is a new pandemic, declared a public health emergency by the World Health Organization, which could have negative consequences for pregnant and postpartum women. The scarce evidence published to date suggests that perinatal mental health has deteriorated since the COVID-19 outbreak. However, the few studies published so far have some limitations, such as a cross-sectional design and the omission of important factors for the understanding of perinatal mental health, including governmental restriction measures and healthcare practices implemented at the maternity hospitals. Within the Riseup-PPD COST Action, a study is underway to assess the impact of COVID-19 in perinatal mental health. The primary objectives are to (1) evaluate changes in perinatal mental health outcomes; and (2) determine the risk and protective factors for perinatal mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, we will compare the results between the countries participating in the study

Policy, service, and training provision for women following a traumatic birth: an international knowledge mapping exercise

Background: High numbers of women experience a traumatic birth, which can lead to childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder (CB-PTSD) onset, and negative and pervasive impacts for women, infants, and families. Policies, suitable service provision, and training are needed to identify and treat psychological morbidity following a traumatic birth experience, but currently there is little insight into whether and what is provided in different contexts. The aim of this knowledge mapping exercise was to map policy, service and training provision for women following a traumatic birth experience in different European countries. Methods: A survey was distributed as part of the COST Action "Perinatal mental health and birth-related trauma: Maximizing best practice and optimal outcomes". Questions were designed to capture country level data; care provision (i.e., national policies or guidelines for the screening, treatment and/or prevention of a traumatic birth, service provision), and nationally mandated pre-registration and post-registration training for maternity professionals