7 research outputs found

    Análisis Dinámico No Lineal de un Edificio Aporticado de Hormigón Armado con Mampostería durante el Terremoto de Muisne, Ecuador, del 2016.

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    This paper presents the response of a numerical model under seismic loading of a four-story building located in Portoviejo, Ecuador. The analysisconsiders the event of April 16th, 2016, where a MW 7.8 shallow megathrust faulting earthquake struck the coast of Ecuador. The maximum recorded PGA in Portoviejo was 0.38g, The structure was finished in 2011where the building had interior partitions made of aluminum and gypsum. However, the perimeter walls were clay masonry infills, except in the front façadeA Tier 1 screening, and a Tier 3 systematic evaluation were developed following guidelines in ASCE 41-17. The nonlinear modeling of the structure was performed using OpenSees. The material properties of the structure used in the model were collected after the earthquake by destructive and non-destructive testing Infill walls are accounted for in the analysis by following the recommendations for infilled RC frames proposed in ASCE 41-17. According to the properties of the infilled fram the yield, peak and residual strength, and drift of the infilled frames are calculated. The results from comparing the natural period of the structure after being subjected to the EQ in the analysis and the information provided by the post-earthquake testing match. Therefore, the state of the masonry infills is compared to validate the model by comparing the damage with the force-vs.-displacement responses of each element The elements that represent the infill walls present a response that accurately describes the damage presented by the infills of the structure. Manuscript received: September 22, 2021Manuscript accepted: November 18, 2021Este artículo presenta la respuesta de un modelo numérico bajo la acción de cargas sísmicas para un edificio de cuatro plantas ubicado en Portoviejo, Ecuador. Se analiza el evento del 16 de abril de 2016, en donde un terremoto superficial de magnitud MW7.8 azotó la costa norte del Ecuador. La máxima aceleración de piso registrada en Portoviejo fue 0.38g, La estructura fue terminada en 2011 ylas particiones internas entre ambientes se componían de divisiones ligeras de aluminio y gypsum. Sin embargo, las paredes perimetrales eran mampostería de ladrillo macizo, con excepción de la fachada frontal. Se realizó una evaluación sistemática siguiendo las guías del ASCE 41-17 (Tier 1 y Tier 3). El modelamiento no lineal se realizó en OpenSees. Las propiedades de los materiales utilizados en la modelación se obtuvieron in situ a través de pruebas destructivas y no destructivas El modelo utilizó el procedimiento recomendado en el ASCE 41-17 para el modelamiento de las paredes de acuerdo con las propiedades del pórtico y pared se calculan resistencia a fluencia, pico y residual, así como la deriva del pórtico con mampostería Los resultados obtenidos al comparar el período natural de la estructura después de sometida al terremoto, en el análisis, se ajustan a la información provista en la evaluación post-terremoto. Se comparó el estado de las paredes validando mediante el daño en la estructura y la respuesta fuerza vs. deformación de cada elemento Se concluye que dichos elementos representan de manera satisfactoria el daño presentado en la estructura real. Artículo recibido: 22 de septiembre de 2021 Artículo aceptado: 18 de noviembre de 202

    Metodología Para La Evaluación Técnica De Proyectos De Infraestructura Educativa

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    This article describes a technical evaluation of studies or consultancies, using an adaptation of the methodology of multi-criteria analysis, usually applied in prioritization of programs and projects and evaluation of development projects. The methodology allows integration of the different criteria expressed by a group of professionals responsible for review and approval of consultancy studies used for the implementation of the country’s new Millennium Educational Units. The result of the technical evaluation of consulting with this methodology is quantitative, but qualitative variables complement our work

    Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

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    PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

    Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study.

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    PURPOSE: As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS: Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION: Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

    Promoción turística sostenible de la reserva de la biosfera Tajo-Tejo Internacional

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    Convocatoria proyectos de innovación de Extremadura 2020/2021Se describe un proyecto llevado acabo por varios centros educativos ubicados en la zona de la Reserva de la Biosfera Tajo-Tejo Internacional (RBTTI) que pretendía contribuir a la transformación sostenible del entorno mediante su conocimiento y promoción, implementando las competencias digital, social y ciudadana y la cultura emprendedora mediante metodologías activas como el aprendizaje servicio. Entre los objetivos principales del proyecto destacan: dar a conocer las implicaciones de la RBTTI; diseñar una campaña de promoción de la RBTTI mediante trípticos y vídeos promocionales; conocer la Reserva a través de las principales vías pecuarias y caminos que comunican los pueblos; descubrir los principales elementos socioculturales, históricos y tradicionales de la Reserva; valorar la importancia del territorio para conservar la biodiversidad: paisajes, ecosistemas, fauna y flora representativa; relacionar la trashumancia y las vías pecuarias como rasgos identificativos de la Reserva, vinculándolo con la historia y rasgos culturales de los pueblos y valorar el emprendimiento y la iniciativa personal, el asosiacionismo y creación de redes de cooperación en y entre pueblos como motor de desarrolloExtremaduraES

    ISARIC-COVID-19 dataset: A Prospective, Standardized, Global Dataset of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19

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    The International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 dataset is one of the largest international databases of prospectively collected clinical data on people hospitalized with COVID-19. This dataset was compiled during the COVID-19 pandemic by a network of hospitals that collect data using the ISARIC-World Health Organization Clinical Characterization Protocol and data tools. The database includes data from more than 705,000 patients, collected in more than 60 countries and 1,500 centres worldwide. Patient data are available from acute hospital admissions with COVID-19 and outpatient follow-ups. The data include signs and symptoms, pre-existing comorbidities, vital signs, chronic and acute treatments, complications, dates of hospitalization and discharge, mortality, viral strains, vaccination status, and other data. Here, we present the dataset characteristics, explain its architecture and how to gain access, and provide tools to facilitate its use

    Preoperative nasopharyngeal swab testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

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    BACKGROUND: Surgical services are preparing to scale up in areas affected by COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the association between preoperative SARS-CoV-2 testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery. METHODS: This international cohort study included adult patients undergoing elective surgery for cancer in areas affected by SARS-CoV-2 up to 19 April 2020. Patients suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection before operation were excluded. The primary outcome measure was postoperative pulmonary complications at 30 days after surgery. Preoperative testing strategies were adjusted for confounding using mixed-effects models. RESULTS: Of 8784 patients (432 hospitals, 53 countries), 2303 patients (26.2 per cent) underwent preoperative testing: 1458 (16.6 per cent) had a swab test, 521 (5.9 per cent) CT only, and 324 (3.7 per cent) swab and CT. Pulmonary complications occurred in 3.9 per cent, whereas SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed in 2.6 per cent. After risk adjustment, having at least one negative preoperative nasopharyngeal swab test (adjusted odds ratio 0.68, 95 per cent confidence interval 0.68 to 0.98; P = 0.040) was associated with a lower rate of pulmonary complications. Swab testing was beneficial before major surgery and in areas with a high 14-day SARS-CoV-2 case notification rate, but not before minor surgery or in low-risk areas. To prevent one pulmonary complication, the number needed to swab test before major or minor surgery was 18 and 48 respectively in high-risk areas, and 73 and 387 in low-risk areas. CONCLUSION: Preoperative nasopharyngeal swab testing was beneficial before major surgery and in high SARS-CoV-2 risk areas. There was no proven benefit of swab testing before minor surgery in low-risk areas
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