Identification, synthesis and activity of sex pheromonegland components of the autumn gum moth (Lepidoptera:Geometridae), a defoliator of Eucalyptus

Summary.: The autumn gum moth, Mnesampela privata (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), is native to Australia and can be a pest of plantation eucalypts. Field-collected and laboratory-reared female autumn gum moths were dissected to remove glands likely to contain components of the sex pheromone. Using gas chromatography (GC) and combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), three compounds were identified from female extracts, namely (3Z,6 Z,9 Z)-3,6,9-nonadecatriene, 1-hexadecanol and 1-octadecanol (confirmed by comparison with synthetic samples). Nonadecatriene elicited an antennal response in male autumn gum moth during gas chromatographic analyses combined with electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD). In electroantennogram (EAG) recording male M. privata antennae responded to the nonadecatriene. Nonadecatriene was synthesised via Kolbe electrolysis, starting with (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid (linolenic acid) and propanoic acid or via an alternative four-step method also starting from linolenic acid. In field trials (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9-nonadecatriene proved attractive to male moths. Thus, we conclude that (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9- nonadecatriene is a sex pheromone component of autumn gum moth. This component has been identified in extracts from other geometrids in the same subfamily, Ennominae. However, to our knowledge this is the first example where (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9-nonadecatriene has been found in females and also proved attractive to male moths when presented on its own. Our results are discussed in relation to other geometrid pheromone

Partnership for International Development: Finland–Argentina Conference on Circular Economy and Bioeconomy with Emphasis on Food Sovereignty and Sustainability

A joint collaboration between the Cuarto region of Argentina championed by the National University of Rio Cuarto and the Arctic Centre of the University of Lapland, Finland organised a conference on several topics that are related to food sovereignty, sustainability, circular economy and bioeconomy. The efficient utilisation of natural resources in both regions is an important theme in meeting the sustainable development goals agenda. Hence, this partnership between the partner institutions will lead to the cocreation of knowledge. The topics were multidisciplinary, and the discussion focussed on research and teaching opportunities for institutions in both countries. The experts from both countries will continue to engage on the possibility of promoting the research agenda in these important areas.EEA Marcos JuárezFil: Raheem, Dele. University of Lapland. Arctic Centre; FinlandiaFil: Soltermann, Arnaldo T. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Departamento de Química; ArgentinaFil: Tamiozzo, Laura Virginia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez. Agencia de Extensión Rural Río Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Cogo, Ariel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires. Agencia De Extensión Rural Luján; ArgentinaFil: Favén, Leena. Centria University of Applied Sciences. RDI Chemistry and Bioeconomy; FinlandiaFil: Punam, Noor Jahan. University of Lapland. Arctic Centre; FinlandiaFil: Sarmiento, Claudio R. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Departamento de Química; ArgentinaFil: Rainosalo, Egidija. Centria University of Applied Sciences. RDI Chemistry and Bioeconomy; FinlandiaFil: Picco, Franco. Cooperative Initia Limited; ArgentinaFil: Morla, Federico. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Departamento de Química; ArgentinaFil: Nilson, Armando. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Departamento de Química; ArgentinaFil: Stammler-Gossmann, Anna. University of Lapland. Arctic Centre; Finlandi

A model for the cosmological evolution of low frequency radio sources

We present a new evolutionary model that describes the population properties of radio sources at frequencies <5 GHz, thus complementing the De Zotti et al. (2005) model, holding at higher frequencies. We find that simple analytic luminosity evolution is still sufficient to fit the wealth of available data on local luminosity functions, multi-frequency source counts, and redshift distributions. However, the fit requires a luminosity-dependent decline of source luminosities at high redshifts, at least for steep-spectrum sources, thus confirming earlier indications of a "downsizing" also for radio sources. The upturn of source counts at sub-mJy levels is accounted for by a straightforward extrapolation, using the empirical far-IR/radio correlation, of evolutionary models matching the far-IR counts and redshift distributions of star-forming galaxies. We also discuss the implications of the new model for the interpretation of data on large-scale clustering of radio sources and on the Integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect, and for the investigation of the contribution of discrete sources to the extragalactic background. As for the ISW effect, a new analysis exploiting a very clean CMB map, yields at a substantially higher significance than reported before.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication on MNRA

Atividades fisioterapêuticas em grupos para idosos institucionalizados: a percepção do idoso

Introdução: O envelhecimento é caracterizado como desenvolvimento social, com características ao longo de todo o percurso da existência, um processo ativo e progressivo, no qual sucedem alterações morfológicas, funcionais, e psicológicas que geram, perda da capacidade do indivíduo Objetivo: Identificar a percepção do idoso institucionalizado sobre a contribuição das atividades fisioterapêutica em grupos. Materiais e Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo descritivo de natureza qualitativa com idosos. Participaram da pesquisa idosos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos do gênero masculino e feminino que já realizavam atendimento fisioterapêutico,  residentes na Unidade de Abrigo de Idosos, no período de fevereiro a março de 2016. Foram excluídos da pesquisa pacientes com dificuldades na fala ou alterações no estado mental que inviabilizassem a entrevista. As informações foram coletadas através de uma entrevista semiestruturada, e foram analisadas pela técnica de análise temática. Está pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade de Fortaleza (COÉTICA-UNIFOR), com o parecer nº 1.346.007. Resultados: Os idosos relatam que as atividades fisioterapêuticas contribuíram para a melhoria da força, do equilíbrio, da marcha, sabendo-se que a falta de exercícios diários tem como principais consequências limitações físicas, emocionais e sociais, e que a atividade fisioterapêutica trouxe uma melhoria considerável facilitando a melhoria dos seus movimentos durante os exercícios, do estado psíquico, e favorecendo uma melhor relação entre si, tornando as atividades mais prazerosas durante a Fisioterapia. Conclusão: Conclui-se que os idosos perceberam a efetividade da Fisioterapia por meio das atividades fisioterapêuticas em grupos, visto que melhorou seu estado funcional, psíquico e social

Möbius sequence - Speech deviations and oral motor functioning in seven people and effects of smile surgery in one person

Möbius sekvens är en sällsynt diagnos där kranialnervspåverkan ofta leder till talavvikelser till följd av nedsatt oralmotorisk funktion. Studien syftade till att kartlägga talavvikelser, kompensatoriska strategier och egen upplevelse av tal hos sju personer med Möbius sekvens, samt koppla talavvikelserna till underliggande oralmotorisk funktion och förståelighet. Ytterligare syfte var att undersöka omedelbara effekter av leendekirurgi hos en person. Ovanstående domäner studerades instrumentellt, perceptuellt samt genom strukturerad intervju. Samtliga deltagare uppvisade nedsatt oralmotorisk funktion i varierande grad. Fem uppvisade talavvikelser varav tre hade gravt nedsatt förståelighet. Mer uttalad kranialnervspåverkan ledde till större svårigheter inom tal och oralmotorik. Bilateral facialispares innebar större talavvikelser. Nedsatt läppfunktion och/eller tungfunktion ledde i vissa fall till påverkad produktion av läppljud och/eller tungljud. När detta ej var fallet tros anledningen vara användande av kompensatoriska strategier. Viktigt är att medvetandegöra och utveckla effektiva kompensatoriska strategier för att öka förståeligheten och på så sätt minska eventuell inskränkning av delaktighet.Möbius sequence is a rare condition where affected cranial nerves often lead to speech deviations due to reduced oral motor functioning. This study aimed to survey speech deviations, compensatory strategies and selfperception of speech in seven people with Möbius sequence, and to link these to oral motor function and intelligibility. Additionally, the immediate effects of smile surgery were investigated in one person. The abovementioned domains were studied instrumentally, perceptually and through structured interviewing. All participants displayed reduced oral motor function. Five displayed speech deviations and three of these had severely reduced intelligibility. Greater effects on cranial nerves lead to greater difficulties in speech and oral motor functioning. Bilateral facial palsy meant greater speech deviations. Reduced lip and/or tongue function lead to effected production of lip and/or tongue sounds. When this wasn’t the case, the reason is assumed to be use of compensatory strategies. It’s important to develop effective compensatory strategies to increase intelligibility and decrease possible participation restraint

Reflection in relation to learning for a profession : Hairdresser and hairstylist students’ descriptions

Studiens utgångspunkt är mina egna frågeställningar kring reflektion i relation till lärande. Studien syftar till att undersöka hur elever inom en gymnasial frisör- och stylistutbildning beskriver reflektion som metod i utbildningen. Inom ramen för det här arbetet belyses fem elevers beskrivningar av reflektion i relation till lärande för yrkesprofessionen. Mina huvudsakliga forskningsfrågor är: Kan ökad reflektion leda till ett mer utvecklat lärande? Vad krävs av läraren för elevers ökade reflektioner? Det finns uppfattningar om att vissa utbildningar är teoretiska och andra är praktiska. Istället menar Schön att det för mer förståelse och utvecklat lärande krävs reflektion för att binda samman dikotomierna som inte är motsatser utan beroende av varandra. Studiens teoretiska utgångspunkt är framförallt hämtad från John Deweys teorier kring kunskapsutveckling genom reflektion. Studien är empirisk samt kvalitativ och uppbyggd genom fallbeskrivningar med utvecklingsarbete. Individuella intervjuer och observationer av fem olika elever har använts för att samla in mitt datamaterial. I resultatet beskriver eleverna att reflektion bland annat kan användas för ökad delaktighet och ökat självförtroende samt att reflektion ger möjlighet till förståelse för handlingen i förhållande till resultatet. Metoder för elevers ökade reflektion beskrivs genom att läraren visar, ger tips och ställer frågor vilket leder till diskussion, samt möjlighet för elever att reflektera över sina val och sitt arbete. I användandet av reflektion inom utbildningen är det väsentligt att vara medveten om betydelsen av att reflektera kring de faktorer som leder fram till resultatet och inte bara resultatet i sig, vilket bland andra även Dewey argumenterar för. Även lärarens medvetenhet om dennes förhållningssätt och frågeställningar för att uppmuntra elevers reflektion, delaktighet och självförtroende är betydande.The study's starting point is my own questions about reflection in relation to learning. The study aims to investigate how students in an upper secondary hairdresser and hairstylist education describe reflection as a method of education. In the framework of this study, five pupils' descriptions of reflection in relation to learning for the profession are highlighted. My main research questions are: Can increased reflection lead to a more developed learning? What is required by the teacher for students increased reflections? There are perceptions that some educations are theoretical and others are practical. Instead, Schön says that more understanding and developed learning requires reflection to link these dichotomies that are not opposites but mutually dependent. The study's theoretical basis is mainly taken from John Dewey's theories of knowledge through reflection. The study is empirical and qualitative and built up through case studies and development project. Individual interviews and observations of five different students were used to collect my data. In the result students describe that reflection can be used for, among other things, increased participation and self-confidence, and that reflection allows understanding of the action in relation to the result. Methods for increasing students' reflections describes as when the teacher is showing, giving advice and asking questions, leading to discussion and an opportunity for students to reflect on their choices and their work. When using reflection in education, it is essential to be aware of the importance of reflecting over the factors that leads to the result, and not just the result itself, which among others also Dewey argues. Even the teacher’s awareness of the attitudes and questions to encourage students' reflection, participation and self-confidence is significant

Kan du ge mig en serviceupplevelse? Yes I Can! : En kvalitativ studie om relationen mellan upplevelserummet och serviceupplevelsen på ett hotell

Validerat; 20101217 (root

Circular Economy Practice Applied to Reverse Logistics : A Multiple Case Study from Fashion Retailers Perspective

The fashion industry has been criticized due to environmental issues, such as the causation of increased scarcity of landfills, hazardous emissions, and exhaustion of non-renewable resources. At the same time, customers, and governments require organizations within the industry to be transparent, offer sustainable consumption, and take responsibility for textile waste. The proposed solution for this is called circular economy (CE), which aims to present a circular system where the value of materials, resources, and products is preserved in the economy for as long as possible. Reverse logistics, referring to managing product returns, end-of-life processing followed by recovery operations, has been stated to be the primary component of CE. Thus, there has been a research gap on how CE practice can be applied to reverse logistics within the fashion industry. To enrich the literature in the field, the purpose of this study is to describe and analyze how sampled Swedish founded fashion retailers state that they apply CE practice to reverse logistics. The methodology applied was a multiple case-study, using semi-structured interviews and official documents. Driving forces that were stated as reasons for applying CE practice to reverse logistics were categorized into three main categories: environmental, social, and economic forces. They were linked to the theory of institution. Signs of all types of isomorphism was shown in the research. This could explain why fashion retailers stated that they performed similarly causes of actions. The stated approaches were divided into four main categories: product-service system, clothing collection, direct redistribution, and reuse or recycling. These categories included the following practical activities: 1) product care and leasing service, 2) in-store clothing collection, 3) sales in outlet stores, sales in second-hand stores, and donating garments to charity and, 4) collaboration with a recycling organization, reuse, and producing and selling upcycled collections. Thus, before implementing the approaches the design and production stage had to be considered