Effect of long-term exposure of SH-SY5Y cells to morphine: a whole cell proteomic analysis

BACKGROUND: Opiate addiction reflects plastic changes that endurably alter synaptic transmission within relevant neuronal circuits. The biochemical mechanisms of these adaptations remain largely unknown and proteomics-based approaches could lead to a broad characterization of the molecular events underlying adaptations to chronic drug exposure. RESULTS: Thus, we have started proteomic analyses of the effects of chronic morphine exposure in a recombinant human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y clone that stably overexpresses the μ-opioid receptor. Cells were treated with morphine for 6, 24 and 72 hours, the proteins were separated by 2-D gel electrophoresis and stained with Coomassie blue, and the protein map was compared with that obtained from untreated cells. Spots showing a statistically significant variation were selected for identification using mass spectrometric analyses. CONCLUSION: A total of 45 proteins were identified, including proteins involved in cellular metabolism, cytoskeleton organization, vesicular trafficking, transcriptional and translational regulation, and cell signaling

Role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in regulation of GABAergic transmission and acute response to ethanol

Mounting evidence indicates that ethanol (EtOH) exposure activates neuroimmune signaling. Alterations in pro-inflammatory cytokines after acute and chronic EtOH exposure have been heavily investigated. In contrast, little is known about the regulation of neurotransmission and/or modulation by anti-inflammatory cytokines in the brain after an acute EtOH exposure. Recent evidence suggests that interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, is upregulated during withdrawal from chronic EtOH exposure. In the present study, we show that IL-10 is increased early (1 h) after a single intoxicating dose of EtOH (5 g/kg, intragastric) in Sprague Dawley rats. We also show that IL-10 rapidly regulates GABAergic transmission in dentate gyrus neurons. In brain slice recordings, IL-10 application dose-dependently decreases miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current (mIPSC) area and frequency, and decreases the magnitude of the picrotoxin sensitive tonic current (I(tonic)), indicating both pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms. A PI3K inhibitor LY294002 (but not the negative control LY303511) ablated the inhibitory effects of IL-10 on mIPSC area and I(tonic), but not on mIPSC frequency, indicating the involvement of PI3K in postsynaptic effects of IL-10 on GABAergic transmission. Lastly, we also identify a novel neurobehavioral regulation of EtOH sensitivity by IL-10, whereby IL-10 attenuates acute EtOH-induced hypnosis. These results suggest that EtOH causes an early release of IL-10 in the brain, which may contribute to neuronal hyperexcitability as well as disturbed sleep seen after binge exposure to EtOH. These results also identify IL-10 signaling as a potential therapeutic target in alcohol-use disorders and other CNS disorders where GABAergic transmission is altered

Acute Ethanol Inhibition of γ Oscillations Is Mediated by Akt and GSK3β

Hippocampal network oscillations at gamma band frequency (γ, 30–80 Hz) are closely associated with higher brain functions such as learning and memory. Acute ethanol exposure at intoxicating concentrations (≥50 mM) impairs cognitive function. This study aimed to determine the effects and the mechanisms of acute ethanol exposure on γ oscillations in an in vitro model. Ethanol (25–100 mM) suppressed kainate-induced γ oscillations in CA3 area of the rat hippocampal slices, in a concentration-dependent, reversible manner. The ethanol-induced suppression was reduced by the D1R antagonist SCH23390 or the PKA inhibitor H89, was prevented by the Akt inhibitor triciribine or the GSk3β inhibitor SB415286, was enhanced by the NMDA receptor antagonist D-AP5, but was not affected by the MAPK inhibitor U0126 or PI3K inhibitor wortmanin. Our results indicate that the intracellular kinases Akt and GSk3β play a critical role in the ethanol-induced suppression of γ oscillations and reveal new cellular pathways involved in the ethanol-induced cognitive impairment

Effet d'un traitement à la morphine sur le protéome des cellules de neuroblastome humain SH-SY5Y

Morphine is widely used for its pharmacologic properties but a chronic treatment leads to side effects such as tolerance and dependence which restrict clinical use. In order to understand the molecular basis of these side effects, we have analysed the impacts of a morphine treatment on the proteome and phosphoproteome prepared from SH-SY5Y cells. Using a differential proteomic strategy we have shown that chronic drug treatment induces a proteasomal dependent degradation of Gbeta and Ggamma2 proteins. Furthermore, G beta degradation was highly correlated with adenylyl cyclase sensitization, a phenomenon known to be involved in morphine dependence. Overall, our proteomic analysis has detected about fifty proteins and hundred phosphoproteins modulated by a morphine treatment. In conclusion, my PhD work has highlighted a new molecular mechanism underlying adenylyl cyclase sensitization and suggests for the first time that the proteasome pathway is involved in long-term morphine adaptations.En France la prise en charge des grandes douleurs fait toute sa place à la morphine. Cependant la prise prolongée de morphine entraîne la tolérance et la dépendance. Une stratégie de protéomique différentielle a été entreprise afin d'identifier les adaptations cellulaires à un traitement par la drogue dans des cellules SH-SY5Y. Nous avons montré, notamment, qu'un traitement chronique entraîne la dégradation par le protéasome des protéines Gbeta et Ggamma2. Aussi, le niveau de dégradation de Gbeta est corrélé avec le niveau de sensibilisation de l'adénylyl cyclase (AC), phénomène impliqué dans la dépendance à la morphine. Globalement, l'analyse protéomique a permis de détecter environ 50 protéines et une centaine de phosphoprotéines modulées par la drogue. Mes travaux ont permis de proposer un nouveau mécanisme moléculaire responsable de la sensibilisation de l'AC et surtout suggèrent pour la première fois que le protéasome est impliqué dans les effets chroniques de la morphine

Effet d un traitement à la morphine sur le protéome de cellules de neuroblastome humain SH-SY5Y

TOULOUSE3-BU Sciences (315552104) / SudocSudocFranceF

mTOR complex 1: a key player in neuroadaptations induced by drugs of abuse

The mammalian (or mechanistic) target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1) is a serine and threonine kinase that regulates cell growth, survival, and proliferation. mTORC1 is a master controller of the translation of a subset of mRNAs. In the central nervous system mTORC1 plays a crucial role in mechanisms underlying learning and memory by controlling synaptic protein synthesis. Here, we review recent evidence suggesting that the mTORC1 signaling pathway promotes neuroadaptations following exposure to a diverse group of drugs of abuse including stimulants, cannabinoids, opiates, and alcohol. We further describe potential molecular mechanisms by which drug-induced mTORC1 activation may alter brain functions. Finally, we propose that mTORC1 is a focal point shared by drugs of abuse to mediate drug-related behaviors such as reward seeking and excessive drug intake, and offer future directions to decipher the contribution of the kinase to mechanisms underlying addiction. Recent studies suggesting that exposure to diverse classes of drugs of abuse as well as exposure to drug-associated memories lead to mTORC1 kinase activation in the limbic system. In turn, mTORC1 controls the onset and the maintenance of pathological neuroadaptions that underlie several features of drug addiction such as drug seeking and relapse. Therefore, we propose that targeting mTORC1 and its effectors is a promising strategy to treat drug disorders

Functional and pharmacological explorations of quercetin-like compounds on glucose-induced insulin secretion

International audienc

Functional and pharmacological explorations of quercetin-like compounds on glucose-induced insulin secretion

International audienc