48 research outputs found
Retrospective detection of Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) in pig serum samples from Spain
Porcine circovirus 3 (PCVâ3) is an emerging circovirus species that has recently been reported in different countries around the world, suggesting a widespread circulation. In this study, sera samples originating from 654 pigs of different production phases and clinical/pathological conditions, submitted for diagnostic purposes between 1996 and 2017, were randomly selected. Detection of PCVâ3 genome in such samples was attempted with a previously described PCR method, and the partial genome sequence was obtained from selected PCVâ3âpositive samples from different years. Compiled data confirmed that PCVâ3 has been circulating in the Spanish pig population since 1996. The overall frequency of PCVâ3 PCRâpositive samples in the study period was 11.47% (75 of 654). Phylogenetic analysis of twelve PCVâ3 partial sequences obtained showed a high nucleotide identity with the already known PCVâ3 sequences, with minor variations among years. No significant correlation was found between the detection of PCVâ3 and any production phase nor clinical/pathological condition. These results confirm PCVâ3 circulation at least since 1996 in the Spanish pig population with a low/moderate frequency. Although the information obtained was limited, PCVâ3 did not appear to be linked to any specific pathological condition or age group.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The bacterial community structure in an alkaline saline soil spiked with anthracene
Background: The application of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
will affect the bacterial community structure as some groups will be
favoured and others not. An alkaline saline soil with electrolytic
conductivity (EC) 56 dS m-1 was spiked with anthracene and acetone
while their effect on bacterial community structure was investigated.
Results: The percentages of Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria decreased
over time, while the percentage of Proteobacteria, mostly
Xanthomonadales, increased. The percentage of the phylotypes belonging
to the Nocardioides , Rhodococcus and Streptomyces , known
degraders of PAHs, was larger in the anthracene-amended soil than in
the acetone-amended and unamended soil at day 14. The phylotypes
belonging to the genera Sphingomonas , also a known degrader of PAHs,
however, was lower. Weighted and unweighted PCoA with UniFrac indicated
that phylotypes were similar in the different treatments at day 0, but
changed at day 1. After 14 days, phylotypes in the unamended and
acetone-amended soil were similar, but different from those in the
anthracene-spiked soil. Conclusions: It was found that incubating the
soil and contaminating it with anthracene changed the bacterial
community structure, but spiking the soil with acetone had little or no
effect on the bacterial community structure compared to the unamended
soil
Neurocognition and quality of life after reinitiating antiretroviral therapy in children randomized to planned treatment interruption
Objective: Understanding the effects of antiretroviral treatment (ART) interruption on neurocognition and quality of life (QoL) are important for managing unplanned interruptions and planned interruptions in HIV cure research. Design: Children previously randomized to continuous (continuous ART, n=41) vs. planned treatment interruption (PTI, n=47) in the Pediatric European Network for Treatment of AIDS (PENTA) 11 study were enrolled. At study end, PTI children resumed ART. At 1 and 2 years following study end, children were assessed by the coding, symbol search and digit span subtests of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (6-16 years old) or Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ( 6517 years old) and by Pediatrics QoL questionnaires for physical and psychological QoL. Transformed scaled scores for neurocognition and mean standardized scores for QoL were compared between arms by t-test and Mann-Whitney U test, respectively. Scores indicating clinical concern were compared (<7 for neurocognition and <70 for QoL tests). Results: Characteristics were similar between arms with a median age of 12.6 years, CD4 + of 830 cells/\u3bcl and HIV RNA of 1.7 log 10 copies/ml. The median cumulative ART exposure was 9.6 in continuous ART vs. 7.7 years in PTI (P=0.02). PTI children had a median of 12 months off ART and had resumed ART for 25.2 months at time of first assessment. Neurocognitive scores were similar between arms for all tests. Physical and psychological QoL scores were no different. About 40% had low neurocognitive and QoL scores indicating clinical concern. Conclusion: No differences in information processing speed, sustained attention, short-term memory and QoL functioning were observed between children previously randomized to continuous ART vs. PTI in the PENTA 11 trial
Inventory of current EU paediatric vision and hearing screening programmes
Background: We examined the diversity in paediatric vision and hearing screening
programmes in Europe.
Methods: Themes relevant for comparison of screening programmes were derived from
literature and used to compile three questionnaires on vision, hearing and public-health
screening. Tests used, professions involved, age and frequency of testing seem to influence
sensitivity, specificity and costs most. Questionnaires were sent to ophthalmologists,
orthoptists, otolaryngologists and audiologists involved in paediatric screening in all EU fullmember,
candidate and associate states. Answers were cross-checked.
Results: Thirty-nine countries participated; 35 have a vision screening programme, 33 a
nation-wide neonatal hearing screening programme. Visual acuity (VA) is measured in 35
countries, in 71% more than once. First measurement of VA varies from three to seven years
of age, but is usually before the age of five. At age three and four picture charts, including Lea
Hyvarinen are used most, in children over four Tumbling-E and Snellen. As first hearing
screening test otoacoustic emission (OAE) is used most in healthy neonates, and auditory
brainstem response (ABR) in premature newborns. The majority of hearing testing
programmes are staged; children are referred after one to four abnormal tests. Vision
screening is performed mostly by paediatricians, ophthalmologists or nurses. Funding is
mostly by health insurance or state. Coverage was reported as >95% in half of countries, but
reporting was often not first-hand.
Conclusion: Largest differences were found in VA charts used (12), professions involved in
vision screening (10), number of hearing screening tests before referral (1-4) and funding
sources (8)
Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study
Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28â2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65â3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3â5 versus grades 1â2 (2·35 [1·57â3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01â2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06â2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01â2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research
SYNONYMS OF FRONTINELLA TIBIALIS (ARANEAE, LINYPHIIDAE)
Volume: 29Start Page: 378End Page: 38
DETECTION OF PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS 3 IN PIGS AFFECTED BY DIFFERENT DISEASES AND PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
L\u2019invenzione del volo : cento poesie da Santo Domingo
Antologia di otto poeti dominicani contemporanei con testo originale a fronte. Presentazione, traduzione e note di Danilo Manera