The Use of Dolomite Bricks and the Effect of Slag Format-ion on Basic Linings in Modern Steelmaking Practice

The demands made upon the properties of steel with regard to higher cleanness and lower contents of sulphur and oxygen increase continuously. This has to be taken into consideration by all metallurgical treatments. The modern technology of "Secondary Steelmaking" transferred metall-urgical processes out of the primary melting facilities into subsequent "secondary" units. Consequently, these units must also be lined with refractories compatible with these metallurgical requirements (1-4)

Biological hydropersulfides and related polysulfides - a new concept and perspective in redox biology

The chemical biology of thiols (RSH, e.g., cysteine and cysteine containing proteins/peptides) has been a topic of extreme interest for many decades due to their reported roles in protein structure/folding, redox signaling, metal ligation, cellular protection and enzymology. While many of the studies on thiol/sulfur biochemistry have focused on thiols, relatively ignored have been hydropersulfides (RSSH) and higher order polysulfur species (RSSn H, RSSn R, n > 1). Recent and provocative work has alluded to the prevalence and likely physiological importance of RSSH and related RSSn H. RSSH of cysteine (Cys-SSH) has been found to be prevalent in mammalian systems along with Cys-SSH-containing proteins. The RSSH functionality has not been examined to the extent of other biologically relevant sulfur derivatives (e.g., sulfenic acids, disulfides, etc.), whose roles in cell signaling are strongly indicated. The recent finding of Cys-SSH biosynthesis and translational incorporation into proteins is an unequivocal indication of its fundamental importance and necessitates a more profound look into the physiology of RSSH. In this Review, we discuss the currently reported chemical biology of RSSH (and related species) as a prelude to discussing their possible physiological roles. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

Cysteine and hydrogen sulfide in the regulation of metabolism:Insights from genetics and pharmacology

Obesity and diabetes represent a significant and escalating worldwide health burden. These conditions are characterized by abnormal nutrient homeostasis. One such perturbation is altered metabolism of the sulphur‐containing amino acid cysteine. Obesity is associated with elevated plasma cysteine, whereas diabetes is associated with reduced cysteine levels. One mechanism by which cysteine may act is through its enzymatic breakdown to produce hydrogen sulphide (H(2)S), a gasotransmitter that regulates glucose and lipid homeostasis. Here we review evidence from both pharmacological studies and transgenic models suggesting that cysteine and hydrogen sulphide play a role in the metabolic dysregulation underpinning obesity and diabetes. We then outline the growing evidence that regulation of hydrogen sulphide levels through its catabolism can impact metabolic health. By integrating hydrogen sulphide production and breakdown pathways, we re‐assess current hypothetical models of cysteine and hydrogen sulphide metabolism, offering new insight into their roles in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes. © 2015 The Authors. Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland

The Use of Dolomite Bricks and the Effect of Slag Formation on Basic Linings in Modern Steelmaking Practice.

The demand made for steel with higher cleanness and lower contents of sulphur and oxygen are increasing continuously. This has to be taken into consideration by all metallurgical treatments. The modern technology of "Secondary Steel making" transferred metallurgical processes out of the primary melting facilities into subsequent "secondary units