a longitudinal study

Funding Information: This research was developed within the scope of the Egas Moniz Multidisciplinary Research Center (CiiEM) and funded by Portugal\u2019s national funds through the FCT\u2013Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P. under the project 10.54499/UIDB/04585/2020. Publisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.Cervical pain has been linked to increased motor unit activity, potentially associated with the initiation and progression of chronic neck pain. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the time-course changes in cervical superficial muscle activation patterns among dental students with and without neck pain throughout their initial semester of clinical training. We used an online Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire for group allocation between neck pain (NP) (n = 21) and control group (CG) (n = 23). Surface electromyography (sEMG) of the sternocleidomastoid and upper bilateral trapezius was recorded before starting their clinical practice and after their first semester while performing a cranio-cervical flexion test (CCFT) in five increasing levels between 22 mmHg and 30 mmHg. After the first semester, both the CG (p < 0.001) and NP (p = 0.038) groups showed decreased sternocleidomastoid activation. The NP group exhibited a concomitant increase in upper trapezius coactivation (p < 0.001), whereas the muscle activation pattern in asymptomatic students remained unchanged (p = 0.980). During the first semester of clinical training, dental students exhibited decreased superficial flexor activity, but those with neck pain had increased co-contraction of the upper trapezius, likely to stabilize the painful segment. This altered activation pattern could be associated with further dysfunction and symptoms, potentially contributing to chronicity.publishersversionpublishe

Physicochemical analysis, consumer profile and sensory analysis of goat Coalho cheeses seasoned with alcoholic beverages / Análise fisico-química, perfil de consumidor e análise sensorial de queijos de coalho de cabra condimentados com bebidas alcoólicas

The present study sought to characterize the physicochemical, bacteriological and sensorial effects that alcoholic beverages exert on goat Coalho cheese. For that, goat Coalho cheeses were seasoned with alcoholic beverages and physicochemical and bacteriological analyses were performed on day 0, as well as sensory analysis. The potential consumers were expected to be slightly familiar with goat dairy products. Among the seasoned cheeses, goat Coalho cheese with beer had the best acceptability and purchase intention, a result that is associated with the typical consumption of such alcoholic beverage by potential consumers. Soft and white characteristics were the most emphasized by taste testers, what is in agreement with the instrumental color and texture. According to the principal component analysis (PCA), acid and alcoholic aromas and taste were the characteristics responsible for acceptability. Therefore, it is concluded that goat cheese with alcoholic beverages can be elaborated and have good acceptability

Comparison of Life History Characteristics of the Genetically Modified OX513A Line and a Wild Type Strain of Aedes aegypti

The idea of implementing genetics-based insect control strategies modelled on the traditional SIT (Sterile Insect Technique), such as RIDL (Release of Insects carrying a Dominant Lethal), is becoming increasingly popular. In this paper, we compare a genetically modified line of Aedes aegypti carrying a tetracycline repressible, lethal positive feedback system (OX513A) with a genetically similar, unmodified counterpart and their respective responses to increasing larval rearing density using a constant amount of food per larva. The parameters that we examined were larval mortality, developmental rate (i.e., time to pupation), adult size and longevity

Depressão em idosos: fatores associados e manejo terapêutico / Depression in the elderly: associated factors and therapeutic management

A depressão é um problema de saúde pública que afeta cerca de 154 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo, com incidência crescente nos últimos anos. Diante dessa problemática, os idosos apresentam uma prevalência de 15% de sintomas de depressão, o que requer cuidados e intervenções preventivas. O objetivo deste artigo foi compreender o perfil da depressão em idosos, assim como o processo de prevenção e tratamento de sinais e sintomas. A metodologia utilizada foi o estudo bibliográfico, que se refere a um estudo integrativo desenvolvido a partir de materiais publicados em revistas cientificas, livros, manuais, boletins e sites oficiais de especialidades médicas. Os resultados mostraram idosos afetados por depressão, tipos de tratamento, dados sobre acesso a cuidados de saúde e coexistência de comorbidades. O estudo também destacou a importância de promover o autocuidado, ativando e engajando esse público e seus e familiares nas atividades educativas, além da valorização da educação profissional em saúde e ampliação da rede de cuidado a esses usuários. Concluiu-se que os profissionais de saúde que lidam com idosos devem estar atentos aos sinais e sintomas da depressão, além de realizar treinamento constante para fornecer uma assistência eficiente e eficaz, bem como indicar as melhores opções terapêuticas disponíveis

Síndrome Coronariana Aguda: relato de caso e atualizações do manejo / Acute Coronary Syndrome: case report and management updates

A síndrome coronariana aguda (SCA) consiste em uma entidade nosológica composta por um espectro de sinais e sintomas clínicos, além de alterações em exames complementares, indicativos de isquemia miocárdica aguda. A fisiopatologia está relacionada à instabilidade de placas ateroscleróticas, que podem sofrer processo de ruptura com consequente obstrução do lúmen vascular. Apresenta elevado impacto nas taxas de mortalidade, sendo responsável por cerca de 30% dos óbitos no território brasileiro e pelo gasto de mais de 500 milhões de reais anualmente pelo Sistema Único de Saúde. O objetivo deste artigo é reportar um caso de SCA e revisar o manejo adequado desse agravo à saúde

Patterns and universals of mate poaching across 53 nations : the effects of sex, culture, and personality on romantically attracting another person’s partner

As part of the International Sexuality Description Project, 16,954 participants from 53 nations were administered an anonymous survey about experiences with romantic attraction. Mate poaching--romantically attracting someone who is already in a relationship--was most common in Southern Europe, South America, Western Europe, and Eastern Europe and was relatively infrequent in Africa, South/Southeast Asia, and East Asia. Evolutionary and social-role hypotheses received empirical support. Men were more likely than women to report having made and succumbed to short-term poaching across all regions, but differences between men and women were often smaller in more gender-egalitarian regions. People who try to steal another's mate possess similar personality traits across all regions, as do those who frequently receive and succumb to the poaching attempts by others. The authors conclude that human mate-poaching experiences are universally linked to sex, culture, and the robust influence of personal dispositions.peer-reviewe

Are men universally more dismissing than women? Gender differences in romantic attachment across 62 cultural regions

The authors thank Susan Sprecher (USA), Del Paulhus (Canada), Glenn D. Wilson (England), Qazi Rahman (England), Alois Angleitner (Germany), Angelika Hofhansl (Austria), Tamio Imagawa (Japan), Minoru Wada (Japan), Junichi Taniguchi (Japan), and Yuji Kanemasa (Japan) for helping with data collection and contributing significantly to the samples used in this study.Gender differences in the dismissing form of adult romantic attachment were investigated as part of the International Sexuality Description Project—a survey study of 17,804 people from 62 cultural regions. Contrary to research findings previously reported in Western cultures, we found that men were not significantly more dismissing than women across all cultural regions. Gender differences in dismissing romantic attachment were evident in most cultures, but were typically only small to moderate in magnitude. Looking across cultures, the degree of gender differentiation in dismissing romantic attachment was predictably associated with sociocultural indicators. Generally, these associations supported evolutionary theories of romantic attachment, with smaller gender differences evident in cultures with high–stress and high–fertility reproductive environments. Social role theories of human sexuality received less support in that more progressive sex–role ideologies and national gender equity indexes were not cross–culturally linked as expected to smaller gender differences in dismissing romantic attachment.peer-reviewe

Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome: Update from the ESID Registry and comparison with other autoimmune-lymphoproliferative inborn errors of immunity

Background: Activated phosphoinositide-3-kinase d syndrome (APDS) is an inborn error of immunity (IEI) with infection susceptibility and immune dysregulation, clinically overlapping with other conditions. Management depends on disease evolution, but predictors of severe disease are lacking. Objectives: This study sought to report the extended spectrum of disease manifestations in APDS1 versus APDS2; compare these to CTLA4 deficiency, NFKB1 deficiency, and STAT3 gain of-function (GOF) disease; and identify predictors of severity in APDS. Methods: Data was collected from the ESID (European Society for Immunodeficiencies)-APDS registry and was compared with published cohorts of the other IEIs. Results: The analysis of 170 patients with APDS outlines high penetrance and early onset of APDS compared to the other IEIs. The large clinical heterogeneity even in individuals with the same PIK3CD variant E1021K illustrates how poorly the genotype predicts the disease phenotype and course. The high clinical overlap between APDS and the other investigated IEIs suggests relevant pathophysiological convergence of the affected pathways. Preferentially affected organ systems indicate specific pathophysiology: bronchiectasis is typical of APDS1; interstitial lung disease and enteropathy are more common in STAT3 GOF and CTLA4 deficiency. Endocrinopathies are most frequent in STAT3 GOF, but growth impairment is also common, particularly in APDS2. Early clinical presentation is a risk factor for severe disease in APDS. Conclusions: APDS illustrates how a single genetic variant can result in a diverse autoimmune-lymphoproliferative phenotype. Overlap with other IEIs is substantial. Some specific features distinguish APDS1 from APDS2. Early onset is a risk factor for severe disease course calling for specific treatment studies in younger patients. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023;152:984-96.

A global analysis of Y-chromosomal haplotype diversity for 23 STR loci

In a worldwide collaborative effort, 19,630 Y-chromosomes were sampled from 129 different populations in 51 countries. These chromosomes were typed for 23 short-tandem repeat (STR) loci (DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS385ab, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635, GATAH4, DYS481, DYS533, DYS549, DYS570, DYS576, and DYS643) and using the PowerPlex Y23 System (PPY23, Promega Corporation, Madison, WI). Locus-specific allelic spectra of these markers were determined and a consistently high level of allelic diversity was observed. A considerable number of null, duplicate and off-ladder alleles were revealed. Standard single-locus and haplotype-based parameters were calculated and compared between subsets of Y-STR markers established for forensic casework. The PPY23 marker set provides substantially stronger discriminatory power than other available kits but at the same time reveals the same general patterns of population structure as other marker sets. A strong correlation was observed between the number of Y-STRs included in a marker set and some of the forensic parameters under study. Interestingly a weak but consistent trend toward smaller genetic distances resulting from larger numbers of markers became apparent.Peer reviewe